Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study

Despite current guidelines, intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery remains widespread. Drains were not associated with earlier detection of intraperitoneal collections, but were associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased risk of surgical-site infections.Background Many surgeons routinely place intraperitoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery. However, enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice. Methods COMPASS (COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery) was a prospective, international, cohort study which enrolled consecutive adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery (February to March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement. Results Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included (798 women, 44.2 per cent; median age 67.0 years). The drain insertion rate was 51.9 per cent (937 patients). After matching, drains were not associated with reduced rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 2.23; P = 0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P = 0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR 1.09, 0.68 to 1.75; P = 0.709), drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge (HR 0.58, 0.52 to 0.66; P < 0.001) and an increased risk of SSIs (OR 2.47, 1.50 to 4.05; P < 0.001). Conclusion Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk

Prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade e fatores associados, Brasil, 2006 Prevalencia de exceso de peso y obesidad y factores asociados, Brasil, 2006 Prevalence of overweight and obesity and associated factors, Brazil, 2006

OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade e fatores associados. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dados referentes a indivíduos com idade >18 anos entrevistados pelo sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL), realizado nas capitais brasileiras e Distrito Federal em 2006. Para 49.395 indivíduos, o índice de massa corporal (IMC) foi utilizado para identificar excesso de peso (IMC 25-30 kg/m²) e obesidade (IMC >30 kg/m²). Prevalência e razões de prevalência foram apresentadas segundo variáveis sociodemográficas, escolaridade e condição de saúde/comorbidades e auto-avaliação da saúde, estratificadas por sexo. Utilizou-se regressão de Poisson para análises brutas e ajustadas por idade. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 47% para os homens e 39% para as mulheres, e de obesidade, 11% para ambos os sexos. Observou-se associação direta entre excesso de peso e escolaridade entre homens, e associação inversa entre mulheres. Obesidade foi mais freqüente entre os homens que viviam com companheira e não esteve associada com escolaridade ou cor da pele. As prevalências de excesso de peso e obesidade foram mais altas entre mulheres negras e que viviam com companheiro. A presença de diabetes, hipertensão arterial sistêmica e dislipidemias, bem como considerar sua saúde como regular ou ruim, também foram referidas pelos entrevistados com excesso de peso ou obesidade. CONCLUSÕES: Enquanto cerca de um de cada dois entrevistados foram classificados com excesso de peso, obesidade foi referida por um de cada dez entrevistados. Variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas, bem como morbidades referidas, foram associadas com excesso de peso e obesidade. Esses resultados foram similares àqueles encontrados em outros estudos brasileiros.<br>OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de exceso de peso y obesidad y factores asociados. MÉTODOS: Fueron analizados datos referentes a individuos con edad >18 años entrevistados por el Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo y Protección para Enfermedades Crónicas por Pesquisa Telefónica (VIGITEL), realizado en las capitales brasileras y Distrito Federal en 2006. Para 49.395 individuos, el índice de masa corporal (IMC) fue utilizado para identificar exceso de peso (IMC 25-30 kg/m²) y obesidad (IMC>30 kg/m²). Prevalencia y razones de prevalencia fueron presentadas según variables sociodemográficas, escolaridad y condición de salud/comorbilidades y auto-evaluación de la salud, estratificadas por sexo. Se utilizó regresión de Poisson para análisis brutos y ajustados por edad. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de exceso de peso fue de 47% para los hombres y 39% para las mujeres, y de obesidad, 11% para ambos sexos. Se observó asociación directa entre exceso de peso y escolaridad entre hombres, y asociación inversa entre mujeres. Obesidad fue más frecuente entre los hombres que vivían con compañera y no estuvo asociada con escolaridad o color de la piel. Las prevalencias de exceso de peso y obesidad fueron más altas entre mujeres negras y que vivían con compañero. La presencia de diabetes, hipertensión arterial sistémica y dislipidemias, bien como considerar su salud como regular o mala, también fueron referidas por los entrevistados con exceso de peso u obesidad. CONCLUSIONES: Mientras cerca de uno de cada dos entrevistados fueron clasificados con exceso de peso, obesidad fue referida por uno de cada diez entrevistados. Variables socioeconómicas y demográficas, bien como morbilidades referidas, fueron asociadas con exceso de peso y obesidad. Estos resultados fueron similares a aquellos encontrados en otros estudios brasileros.<br>OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and factors associated. METHODS: The study analyzed data referring to individuals aged 18 years or older interviewed through the system Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (VIGITEL - Telephone-based surveillance of risk and protective factors for chronic diseases), carried out in the Brazilian capitals and Federal District in 2006. For 49,395 individuals, the body mass index (BMI) was used to identify overweight (BMI 25-30 kg/m²) and obesity (BMI >30 kg/m²). Prevalence and prevalence ratios were presented according to sociodemographic variables, level of schooling, health condition/comorbidities, and self-evaluation of health, stratified by sex. Poisson regression was employed for crude and age-adjusted analyses. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight was of 47% for men and 39% for women, obesity was around 11% for both sexes. Direct association was observed between overweight and level of schooling among men and inverse association among women. Obesity was more frequent among men living with a partner and was associated neither with level of schooling nor skin color. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher among black women and women who lived with a partner. The presence of diabetes, systemic arterial hypertension and dyslipidemias, as well as the subject perceiving his/her health as regular or poor, were also reported by the interviewees with overweight or obesity. CONCLUSIONS: While approximately one out of every two interviewees was classified as being overweight, obesity was reported by one out of every ten interviewed subjects. Socioeconomic and demographic variables, as well as reported morbidities, were associated with overweight and obesity. These results were similar to the ones found in other Brazilian studies