Chronic urticaria associated with malignancies: A review article

BACKGROUND: Chronic urticaria is a cutaneous disorder defined by the presence of hives and flare for over six weeks. Etiology of chronic urticaria is not clear in 80 to 90 percent of patients. Malignancies are possible associations with allergic disorders such as urticaria. The purpose of this article was to review the expression of chronic urticaria with various malignancies.METHODS: We searched in PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases in English using the keywords chronic urticaria, urticarial, malignancy, and cancer. Inclusion criteria were both full and brief articles, case reports, case series, and original article up to June 2018.RESULTS: We found 258 articles on the primary search. After screening by two researchers, 23 articles were included. Most studies failed to find a link between hives and malignancy. Four studies showed a relationship between hives and malignancy. Five studies showed no relationship between hives and malignancy, and suggested that urticaria could even have a protective effect. As there were no homogenous results, we could not write a meta-analytic study.CONCLUSION: The relationship between chronic urticaria and malignancy is not clear. We need a more organized researches to clarify the association between urticaria and malignancies

The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Play Therapy on Pain Tolerance and Trait-State Anxiety Among Children with leukemia cancer in Isfahan City

Introduction: Due to the painful and long-term treatments of cancer, children with cancer may suffer from severe psychological problems such as anxiety and decreased level of pain tolerance. Accordingly, psychological treatments such as play therapy can be helpful in this regard. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral play therapy on pain tolerance and trait-state anxiety in children with cancer in Isfahan. Method: The statistical population of this study was all children aged 9 to 12 years old who were referred to specialized cancer clinic of Isfahan in 2016. 30 of them were selected through purposeful sampling and randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control. The results were analyzed using covariance analysis. Results: The results of data analysis indicated that cognitive-behavioral therapy games resulted in increased pain tolerance and decreased trait anxiety in children with cancer (p <0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, cognitive-behavioral play therapy can be used as a complementary therapy to relieve anxiety and increase pain tolerance in these children. Declaration of Interest: None

The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. Methods The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. Findings Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4.45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4.01-4.94) deaths and 105 million (95.0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44.4% (41.3-48.4) of all cancer deaths and 42.0% (39.1-45.6) of all DALYs. There were 2.88 million (2.60-3.18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50.6% [47.8-54.1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1.58 million (1.36-1.84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36.3% [32.5-41.3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20.4% (12.6-28.4) and DALYs by 16.8% (8.8-25.0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34.7% [27.9-42.8] and 33.3% [25.8-42.0]). Interpretation The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.Peer reviewe

Mortality Rate in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU): A Local Center Experience

Introduction: Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) has a specific location for management of children with serious and severe diseases. Methods: This is s crass-sectional – analytical Study was performed on all children admitted in Boali hospitals PICU from March 2010 to March 2012 (2 years). 937 patients were analyzed. Results: Out of 490 patient admitted in PICU (march2010 to march 2011), 35 was died (7.14%) but this was 6/04% (27/447 patients) in march2011 to march 2012 (table-1). Overall, 62 cases were died (6/6%) in two years [male =30 (3.2%), female =32 (3.4%)]. In conclusion, mortality rate is similar with other developed countries or higher level of medical care

Cytotoxic effect of the extract of seaweed Sargassum glaucescens against breast (MCF-7) and colorectal (HT-29) cancer cell lines

Background: Seaweed is one of the natural resources with a wide range of secondary metabolites, which has cytotoxic properties. The present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of seaweed Sargassum glaucescens collected from Chabahar seashores against colorectal and breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity of methanol, chloroform, ethyl-acetate and hexane extracts of the seaweed at different concentrations (125, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/ml) against cancer cells of MCF-7 and HT-29 was evaluated by MTT and trypan blue methods. The DNA fragmentation of cells was also investigated by the electrophoresis method. Results: The percentage of live cells was decreased by increasing the concentration of the extracts. The concentration of 1000 μg/ml of methanol extract showed the highest effect compared to the control and also lower concentrations of the extract (P<0.05). The LC50 of the methanol extracts of colorectal and breast cancer cells were 630.8±16.37 and 774.01±28.07 µg/ml, respectively. Also, the algal methanol extract was able to fragment the DNA of cancer cells and to induce apoptosis compared with the control samples. Conclusion: The cytotoxic effect of the seaweed extract can be the beginning of further studies to achieve cancer treatment. Also, after pre-clinical and clinical studies, these extracts can be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries

Incorporation of <i>Prosopis cineraria</i> Extract Improved the Mechanical, Barrier and Antioxidant Properties but Not the Antibacterial Activity of <i>Tigertooth croaker</i> Fish Scale Gelatin Film

Scale gelatin films derived from croaker fish and infused with Prosopis (Prosopis cineraria) extract (PE) at concentrations of 0.3% and 0.7% were produced. A control film, void of extract, was employed for comparative purposes. The thickness of each film was found to be statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). The results show that the highest solubility (78.57 ± 3.57%) was found for the glycerol film, and the least permeability was found for the water vapor (0.74 ± 0.09 ×10−10g s−1m−1Pa−1); however, the water vapor permeability (WVP) and water solubility (WS) of the films that contained PE were considerably lower than those of the control film (p 99%) and favorable thermal characteristics. The highest and lowest antioxidant activities were found for the 7% Prosopis cineraria extract (56.96 ± 2.6%) and the glycerol film (40.66 ± 2.46%), respectively. No antibacterial activity was observed in these films. Microscopic pictures showed that all three films had a uniform and plain surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy–attenuated total reflectance (FTIR–ATR) analysis revealed distinct amide bands and protein–polyphenol interactions within the films that contained the extract

Vitamin E in children with asthma: A review

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder and the most common chronic disease among children characterized by frequent and chronic cough, wheezing, and dyspnea. Asthma is defined as an inflammatory process in response to T- Helper 2 cells. Vitamin E as a Lipid soluble vitamin containing 4 isomers α, β, γ, б, with α- tocopherol as the most important isomer is an important defensive agent against epithelial tissue damages caused by antioxidants in human. The results of animal studies showed vitamins C and E cause decreased and modulation of pulmonary responses to oxidant agents such as O3 or NO2. A few studies showed an association between reduced intake of vitamin E by mothers during pregnancy and wheezing in children aged 2 years old. Some studies showed significant declines in serum vitamin E level in asthmatic children compared to non-asthmatic. However, in another study no significant relationship was observed between serum level of vitamin E and risk of asthma. There are controversies on the effect of vitamin E in children with asthma. This study aimed to investigate the role of vitamin E in children with asthma

Vitamin E in children with asthma: A review

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder and the most common chronic disease among children characterized by frequent and chronic cough, wheezing, and dyspnea. Asthma is defined as an inflammatory process in response to T- Helper 2 cells. Vitamin E as a Lipid soluble vitamin; containing 4 isomers α, β, γ, б, with α- tocopherol as the most important isomer is an important defensive agent against epithelial tissue damages caused by antioxidants in human. The results of animal studies showed vitamins C and E cause decreased and modulation of pulmonary responses to oxidant agents such as O3 or NO2. A few studies showed an association between reduced intake of vitamin E by mothers during pregnancy and wheezing in children aged 2 years old. Some studies showed significant declines in serum vitamin E level in asthmatic children compared to non-asthmatic. However, in another study no significant relationship was observed between serum level of vitamin E and risk of asthma. There are controversies on the effect of vitamin E in children with asthma. This study aimed to investigate the role of vitamin E in children with asthma