State of the technique on surge protection of telecommunication installations with surge diverters

Surge protection in communication systems by diverter

The hybrid and dualistic identity of full-time non-tenure-track faculty

Colleges and universities rely on full-time non-tenure-track (FTNT) faculty to achieve their teaching, research, and service missions. These faculty are deemed both symptomatic of and partly responsible for academe's shortcomings. The ascriptions, however, are made with little attention to the faculty themselves or to their consequences for FTNT faculty. Through analysis of interview data of university faculty, the authors present and explain FTNT faculty self-representations of professional and occupational identity. Assumptions drawn from institutional and professional theory contextualize the research, and narrative analysis infuses the application of the framework of cultural identity theory. These FTNT faculty are found to possess hybrid and dualistic identities. Their work and roles are a hybrid and contain some elements of a profession and some of a "job." Their identity is dualistic because as teachers, they express satisfaction, whereas as members of the professoriate, they articulate restricted self-determination and self-esteem. This troubled and indistinct view of self-as-professional is problematic both for FTNT faculty as they go about their daily work and for their institutions, which are in no small part responsible for the uncertain conditions and identities of FTNT faculty. © 2011 SAGE Publications

The Neighbourhood Links Project: Interim Evaluation Report, July 2012

An interim service evaluation study to identify the key elements of the Neighbourhood Links Project, funded by Big Lottery and delivered by TorrAGE in North Devon, that improve the quality of life and well-being of older residents (aged 60+) in one district in North Devon

Visual cognition during real social interaction

Copyright @ 2012 The Authors. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and 85 reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The article was made available through the Brunel University Open Access Publishing Fund.This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.Laboratory studies of social visual cognition often simulate the critical aspects of joint attention by having participants interact with a computer-generated avatar. Recently, there has been a movement toward examining these processes during authentic social interaction. In this review, we will focus on attention to faces, attentional misdirection, and a phenomenon we have termed social inhibition of return (Social IOR), that have revealed aspects of social cognition that were hitherto unknown. We attribute these discoveries to the use of paradigms that allow for more realistic social interactions to take place. We also point to an area that has begun to attract a considerable amount of interest—that of Theory of Mind (ToM) and automatic perspective taking—and suggest that this too might benefit from adopting a similar approach

Stratified separated flow around a mountain with an inversion layer below the mountain top

This paper presents analytical and numerical results for separated stratified inviscid flow over and around an isolated mountain in the limit of small Fronde number. The vertical density profile consists of a lower strongly stratified layer whose depth is just less than that of the mountain. It is separated from a semi-infinite upper stably stratified layer by a thin, highly stable, inversion layer. The paper aims to provide, for this particular profile, a thorough analysis of the three-dimensional separated flow over a mountain top with strong stratification. The Froude numbers F and F, of the lower layer and the interface are small with F-1 << F << 1, but the upper-layer Froude number is arbitrary. The flow at each height in the lower layer is governed by the two-dimensional Euler equations and moves horizontally around the mountain. It is given by a modification of a previous model using Kirchhoff free-streamline theory for the separated flow region downstream of the mountain. The pressure variations associated with the lower-layer flow are of the same order as the dynamic head and induce significant displacements of the inversion layer. When the inversion is near the top of the mountain these deflections are of the same order as the height of the projecting part of the mountain top and combine with the flow over the mountain top to excite vertically propagating internal waves in the upper layer. The resultant pressure field, vertical stream surface displacements, and surface streamlines in the upper layer are described consistently in the hydrostatic limit. Many of the features of the upper flow, including the perturbations of the critical dividing streamlines, are similar to those in flows with uniform stable stratification at low Froude number. Comparisons are made with experiments and approximate models for these summit flows based on the assumption that the dividing streamlines have small vertical displacement

Enhancing the performance of Xanthan gum in water-based mud systems using an environmentally friendly biopolymer

Xanthan gum is commonly used in drilling fluids to provide viscosity, solid suspension, and fluid-loss control. However, it is sensitive to high temperatures and not tolerant of field contaminants. This paper presents an experimental study on the effects of an eco-friendly biopolymer (diutan gum) on xanthan gum (XC) in a water-based bentonite mud. Laboratory experiments were carried out for different compositions of the biopolymers in water-based bentonite muds formulated without salt and in water-based bentonite muds containing sodium chloride (NaCl). The rheological properties of the water-based bentonite muds formulated with XC (2 Ibm) and those of the water-based bentonite muds prepared using XC (1Ibm) and diutan gum (1Ibm) were measured using Model 1100 viscometer after aging at 25 °C, 100 °C, and 120 °C for 16 h. The API fluid loss and filter cake of the mud formulations were measured using HTHP filter press. The properties of the water-based bentonite muds containing only XC were compared with those of the water-based bentonite muds containing XC and diutan gum. Presented results show that combining diutan gum and xanthan gum in a ratio of 1:1 in a water-based bentonite mud enhances its performance with respect to fluid properties—apparent viscosity, gel strength, yield points, YP/PV ratio, LSRV, n, and K. The fluid formulations also showed favorable mud cake building characteristics. Experimental data also indicate a 16%, 19%, and 34% reduction in API fluid loss values for the water-based benitoite muds containing XC in the presence of diutan gum after aging at 25 °C, 100 °C, and 120 °C for 16 h, respectively. Experimental results also show that the water-based benitoite mud containing XC and diutan gum would cause less formation damage and was tolerant of contamination with a monovalent cation (Na+). The synergy of xanthan gum and diutan gum can, therefore, improve the performance of water-based drilling fluids

3D printing and high tibial osteotomy

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a relatively conservative surgical option in the management of medial knee pain. Thus far, the outcomes have been variable, and apparently worse than the arthroplasty alternatives when judged using conventional metrics, owing in large part to uncer - tainty around the extent of the correction planned and achieved. This review paper introduces the concept of detailed 3D planning of the procedure, and describes the 3D printing technology that enables the plan to be performed. The different ways that the osteotomy can be undertaken, and the varying guide designs that enable accurate regis - tration are discussed and described. The system accuracy is reported. In keeping with other assistive technologies, 3D printing enables the surgeon to achieve a preoperative plan with a degree of accuracy that is not possible using conventional instruments. With the advent of low dose CT, it has been possible to confirm that the procedure has been under - taken accurately too. HTO is the ‘ultimate’ personal intervention: the amount of correction needed for optimal offloading is not yet com - pletely understood. For the athletic person with early medial joint line over - load who still runs and enjoys life, HTO using 3D printing is an attractive option. The clinical effectiveness remains unproven