Tracing Social-Ecologial Relationships: Hāʻena, Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i

Ph.D. Thesis. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2017

Teoria curricular crítica e pós-crítica: uma perspectiva para a formação inicial de professores para a educação básica

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os conceitos das teorias curriculares críticas e pós-críticas e suas influências na formação de professores para a educação básica. Uma das maiores discussões atuais no meio educacional é a necessidade de se formar professores críticos, comprometidos com uma educação de qualidade e com o seu papel frente ao sucesso escolar. Pensar a formação de professores nessa perspectiva pressupõe pensar um currículo que possibilite esse perfil de profissional. Acredita-se que uma das possibilidades para essa formação está fundamentada na teoria curricular crítica e pós - crítica. Assim, este trabalho visa abordar sucintamente a história do currículo a partir da década de 1920, bem como a compreensão das teorias curriculares críticas e pós – críticas e sua influência na formação inicial de professores. O currículo a partir dessas teorias possibilita desenvolver conhecimentos necessários para a formação desses profissionais, para que, em suas práticas pedagógicas, deixem de ser apenas transmissores de saberes voltados para a reprodução de conteúdos, mas que realmente se preocupem com o ensino e que sejam capazes de transformar a prática existente. Enfatizando-se as teorias, indica-se possibilidades de formar professores a partir dessa perspectiva. O estudo foi embasado na prática docente do Curso de Pedagogia e nos estudos realizados pela autora durante o Mestrado em Educação na disciplina de Políticas de Planejamento e Gestão do Projeto Pedagógico. Assim, a metodologia da pesquisa caracteriza-se como bibliográfica fundamentada em estudiosos sobre o currículo e formação de professores como Silva (2007), Moreira (1990 - 1997), Garcia (2006), Pacheco (2001), Freire (2003-2005), Eyng (2007), Romanowski (2007), Mello (1982), entre outros

Retinoic Acid Resistance at Late Stages of Human Papillomavirus Type 16-Mediated Transformation of Human Keratinocytes Arises Despite Intact Retinoid Signaling and Is Due to a Loss of Sensitivity to Transforming Growth Factor-β

AbstractIn our in vitro model of human cell carcinogenesis, normal human foreskin keratinocytes (HKc) transfected with human papillomavirus type 16 DNA (HKc/HPV16) progress toward malignancy through several phenotypically defined and reproducible “steps” that include immortalization, growth factor independence (HKc/GFI), differentiation resistance (HKc/DR), and ultimately malignant conversion. While HKc/HPV16 are very sensitive to growth inhibition by all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) at early passages, they lose their sensitivity to RA during progression in culture. However, gel mobility shift assays using the retinoid response elements DR1 and DR5 showed no changes in binding activity of nuclear extracts obtained from HKc/HPV16 at different stages of in vitro progression. Similarly, Western blot analyses for retinoic acid receptor γ-1 and the retinoid X receptors failed to reveal any decreases in the levels of these retinoid receptors throughout progression. In addition, luciferase activity driven by the SV40 promoter with a DR5 enhancer element was activated following RA treatment of HKc/DR that were resistant to growth inhibition by RA. Since RA induces transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) in normal HKc and HKc/HPV16, we investigated whether this response changed during progression. Again, RA induced TGF-β2 mRNA in early and late passage HKc/HPV16, HKc/GFI, and HKc/DR approximately to the same extent, confirming that the RA signaling pathways remained intact during in vitro progression despite the fact that the cells become resistant to growth inhibition by RA. We then investigated the sensitivity of HKc/HPV16 to growth inhibition by TGF-β. While early passage HKc/HPV16 were as sensitive as normal HKc to growth inhibition by TGF-β1 and TGF-β2, the cells became increasingly resistant to both TGF-β isotypes during in vitro progression. In addition, while both RA and TGF-β produced a decrease in the levels of mRNA for the HPV16 oncogenes E6 and E7 in early passage HKc/HPV16, this effect was also lost at later stages of progression. Finally, blocking anti-TGF-β antibodies partially prevented RA inhibition of growth and E6/E7 expression in early passage HKc/HPV16. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that inhibition of growth and HPV16 early gene expression in HKc/HPV16 by RA is mediated by TGF-β and that a loss of RA sensitivity is linked to TGF-β resistance rather than alterations in RA signaling

Developing a Professionalism Plan

Professionalism is a way of being which underlies all the responsibilities of a pharmacist and associated general and professional abilities. The Student Affairs Committee was charged with developing a college-wide professionalism plan to meet the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) Standards 15.1 and 23. This plan was developed concurrently with a new curriculum. The plan was developed systematically with the following goals: 1) create a definition of professionalism, 2) determine outcomes of the plan, 3) identify existing components which should be continued and new components to be added, 4) ensure existing and new components are linked to outcomes and 5) develop a continuous assessment process for the plan. The proposed plan consists of curricular, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities designed to help students gain experience in three professionalism pillars: Competence, Connection and Character, as defined by Brown et al in "Taxonomy of Professionalism". While knowledge and skills will be enhanced, the focus of development will be on student virtues, values and attitudesäóîthat what they do defines who they are. The goal is to help students develop as people and professionals who value the high ideals expected of a pharmacist.   Type: Idea Pape

Abnormal Integrity of Corticocortical Tracts in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been defined as a transitional state between normal aging and Alzheimer disease. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can estimate the microstructural integrity of white matter tracts in MCI. We evaluated the microstructural changes in the white matter of MCI patients with DTI. We recruited 11 patients with MCI who met the working criteria of MCI and 11 elderly normal controls. The mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured in 26 regions of the brain with the regions of interest (ROIs) method. In the MCI patients, FA values were significantly decreased in the hippocampus, the posterior limb of the internal capsule, the splenium of corpus callosum, and in the superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculus compared to the control group. MD values were significantly increased in the hippocampus, the anterior and posterior limbs of the internal capsules, the splenium of the corpus callosum, the right frontal lobe, and in the superior and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus. Microstructural changes of several corticocortical tracts associated with cognition were identified in patients with MCI. FA and MD values of DTI may be used as novel biomarkers for the evaluation of neurodegenerative disorders

The association between the Yamax Step Counter and the College Alumnus Quesionnaire

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the association between an electronic pedometer and a physical activity questionniare. Additionally, we sought to examine the percent agreement between two methods of classifying inactive and active individuals. It was hypothesized that individuals who report an energy expenditure greater than 2,000 kilocalories per week on a physical activity questionnaire would take more than 10,000 steps per day as measured by an electronic pedometer. Sixty male subjects between the ages of 19 and 74 years old participated in this study. In order to participate, participants had to be free from any disability preventing him from being ambulatory. Subjects were asked to fill out the College Alumni Questionnaire, which inquired about past and present health and family history, and current physical activity participation. From this questionnaire, a physical activity index was estimated to provide an estimate of weekly energy expenditure. Once the questionnaire was completed, subjects were given a Yamax Digi-Walker SW 200 pedometer. They were instructed to begin wearing the pedometer the next morning, and to wear it for seven consecutive days. Step counts for the seven days were summed and divided by seven to obtain an average step count. Chi-square coefficient of association and a phi coefficient of association were used to determine the relationship and the strength of the relationship between the two thresholds. Results indicated that there was a significant relationship between the two pedometer and questionnaire ( x 2 = 24.76, p \u3c 0.0001 and = 0.64). There was an 80% agreement between the two methods of classifying people according to active and inactive people. This suggests that the 10,000 step goal is an acceptable recommendation for most individuals

The Ritual Culture of Appeasement: Śānti Rites in Post-Vedic Sources

This dissertation tracks the early development of the ritual category of śanti (appeasement) in the ritual manuals (pariśistas) of the Vedic schools during the first millennium CE. It argues that this ritual category was generated within the Atharvan priestly group in conversation with the emerging astronomical-astrological tradition (jyotihś astra) of early Indian courts, likely in the middle of the first millennium CE (3rd–7th centuries). The development of this ritual category begins with application of techniques for producing "appeasement water" (śantyudaka )—originally from the earliest ritual manual of the Atharvan tradition—to the appeasement of omens in a ceremony of consecration (or bathing) called the "Great Appeasement Ritual" (mah aśanti). This consecration became the paradigm for a proliferating set of iterative, "apotropaic consecrations" in the late ritual manuals of this school. Such rites were first meant to be administered to the royal sponsor by the royal chaplain (purohita ). This larger network of consecrations spread from the Atharvan texts to the ritual manuals of the non-Atharvan schools, where it intersected with early rituals of image worship. In the texts of these non-Atharvan groups (such as the traditionally orthodox Black Yajurveda) we find a similar set of apotropaic consecrations applied to the treatment of images. Techniques used, for instance, in the image installation ritual (pratisth a) appear to be based directly on those seen in the Atharvan sources. Thus the dissertation argues that a ritual culture of appeasement (śanti) was formative to practices that became standard in so-called "Puranic Hinduism.

An Overview of Seafood Consumption and Supply Sources: Hawaii versus U.S.

This study compares Hawai‘i and the U.S. mainland in terms of seafood consumption and import. It looks at total, per capita, species grouping, historical and global consumption.The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support of NOAA’s Hawai‘i Seafood Program (Award No. NA09NMF4520171)

Ethnography of Lunch Ladies in a Rural Community

This thesis is an ethnographic study of lunch ladies in the rural setting of Moscow, Idaho. The purpose of this research is to understand and explain the centrality of their roles within the educational food system, both as nurturers and intermediaries in federal meal programs. The existing literature surrounding this topic, often focuses on the logistics of federal policies, the nutritional policies of these policies or its relation to commercial agriculture, while little is focused on the responsibilities of the lunch ladies. This thesis examines the lived experiences of lunch ladies in a rural community through an ethnographic framework. I collected data through interviews with the lunch ladies and non-participant observations in the lunchroom. Findings from this research include COVID-19 as having both a positive and negative impact to the workplace, governmental policy in the kitchen and community mothering. The lunch ladies believe their work serving the community by physically feeding students and teaching them valuable skills.masters, M.A., Culture, Society & Justice -- University of Idaho - College of Graduate Studies, 2022-0