Editorial on "ACR Guidance Document on MR Safe Practices: Updates and Critical Information 2019"

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153053/1/jmri26990.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153053/2/jmri26990_am.pd

Analisis Pertumbuahan Penduduk Dan Ketersediaan Sarana Prasarana Sosial Ekonomi Di Kecamatan Depok Kabupaten Sleman Tahun 2009 Dan 2013

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Depok Kabupaten Sleman dengan judul “A NALISIS PERTUMBUHAN PENDUDUK DAN KETERSEDIAAN SARANA PRASARANA SOSIAL EKONOMI DI KECAMATAN DEPOK KABUPATEN SLEMAN TAHUN 2009 DAN 2013” bertujuan : 1. Meng kaji faktor demografi (kelahiran, kematian, dan migrasi) yang paling mempengaruhi pertumbuhan penduduk di Kecamatan Depok ta hun 2009 d an 2013, 2. Mengkaji hubungan faktor non demografi ( fasilitas pendidikan, kesehatan, dan ekonomi ) terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk di Kecamatan Depok tahun 2009 dan 2013. Metode yang digunakandalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data sekunder, data sekunder y ang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi kelahiran, kematian , migrasi, fasilitas pendidikan, fasilitas kesehatan, dan fasilitas ekonomi. Anali sis data menggunakan tabel freku ensi dan analisis data statistik, sedangkan untuk mencari hubungan dan menyatak an seberapa kuat hubungan antar variabel yaitu tingkat ketersediaan fasilitas sosial ekonomi berhubungan terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk digunakan program SPSS deng an analisis Chi - Square . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan penduduk yang terjadi d i daerah penelitian tahun 2009 dan 2013 masuk dalam kategori tinggi karena memiliki nilai pertumbuhan 0,71%. Faktor demografi yang paling mempengaruhi pertumbuhan penduduk adalah faktor kelahiran, hal ini diketahui dari angka kelahiran yang mengalami penin gkatan dari tahun 2009 dan 2013, sehingga pertumbuhan penduduk yang terja di di daerah penelitian tinggi. Perhitungan pada tahun 2009 mengenai hubungan antara fasilitas pendidikan terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk sebesar (0,223) dan perhitungan pada tahun 2013 mengenai hubungan antara fasilitas pendidikan terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk sebesar (0,223) , kedua nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan fasilitas pendidikan tahun 2009 dan 2013 memiliki nilai hubungan yang sangat lemah terhadap pertumbuhan pendud uk. Perhitungan pada tahun 2009 mengenai hubungan antara fasilitas kesehatan terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk sebesar (0,223) dan perhitungan pada tahun 2013 mengenai hubungan antara fasilitas kesehatan terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk sebesar (0,223) , kedua nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan fasilitas kesehatan tahun 2009 dan 2013 memiliki nilai hubungan yang sangat lemah terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk . Perhitungan pada tahun 2009 mengenai hubungan antara fasilitas ekonomi terhadap pertu mbuhan pendu duk sebesar (0,199) dan perhitungan pada tahun 2013 mengenai hubungan antara fasilitas ekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk sebesar (0,233), kedua nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan fasilitas kesehatan tahun 2009 dan 2013 memiliki nilai hubunga n yang sangat lemah terhadap pertumbuhan penduduk. Kata Kunci: Analisis Pertumbuhan Pendudu

Evaluasi Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Berdasarkan Neraca Sumberdaya Lahan Spasial di Kecamatan Grogol, Kabupaten Sukoharjo Tahun 2007 dan 2017 dengan Menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui perubahan penggunaan lahan di Kecamatan Grogol Tahun 2007 dan 2017 berdasarkan neraca sumber daya lahan spasial, dan (2) Mengevaluasi luas lahan di Kecamatan Grogol yang dialih-fungsikan selama kurun waktu 2007 dan 2017. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian evaluasi kuantitatif. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan overlay atau tumpangsusun pada peta aktiva penggunaan lahan tahun 2007 dan peta pasiva penggunaan lahan tahun 2017 yang mengacu pada Neraca Sumber Daya Lahan Spasial. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh wilayah Kecamatan Grogol. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah random sampling, yaitu uji ketelitian data sekunder tentang penggunaan lahan tahun 2018 dengan jumlah 36 titik. Validitas menggunakan matrix confuse untuk mengkaji ketelitian penggunaan lahan dengan standar ketelitian 85 persen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) perubahan penggunaan lahan berdasarkan neraca sumber daya lahan yang berupa peta aktiva tahun 2007 dan peta pasiva tahun 2017 mengalami perubahan penggunaan lahan seluas 707,81 ha, serta tidak mengalami perubahan penggunaan lahan dengan seluas 2.592,75 ha; (2) Evaluasi perubahan penggunaan lahan menunjukkan bahwa perubahan penggunaan lahan yang terjadi di Kecamatan Grogol didominasi pada tahun 2007 sebagaian lahan sawah irigasi teknis seluas 1425, 51 ha dan menjadi 1114,8 ha pada tahun 2017. Faktor yang melatarbelakangai berkurangnya lahan sawah irigasi teknis di Kecamatan Grogol disebabkan oleh meningkatnya jumlah penduduk di Kecamatan Grogol sehingga kebutuhan lahan untuk permukiman juga meningkat. Lahan permukiman padat penduduk pada tahun 2007 seluas 1234,79 ha dan tahun 2017 menjadi 1277,50 ha

Antibacterial and haematological activity of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract in Wistar albino rats

The phytochemical, antibacterial and haematologic activity of aqueous seed extract of Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) were evaluated. Phytochemicals such as tannins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, cardiac  glycosides, anthraquinones and flavonoids in low, moderate and high concentrations were present in the seeds. The extract exhibited significant In vitro antibacterial and In vivo haematologic effects. Bacterial isolates such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeroginosa were inhibited. The  minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract for all the sensitive isolates is 100 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml as minimum bactericidal  concentration of the extract on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. The extract administered per os at 100-400 mg / kg body weight significantly (P<0.05) increased, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil and monocytes counts at second and third week of administration except for lymphocyte that significantly (P<0.05) decreased throughout the period of administration when compared to the rats in control group. The study supports the folkloric application of Moringa oleifera seed extract in the management of various forms of bacterial infection, anaemia and immuno – modulation in north eastern Nigeria.Keywords: Antibacterial effect, Haematology, Moringa olifera, Phytochemical analysis, Wistar albino rats

Evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction using through-time radial GRAPPA

BACKGROUND: The determination of left ventricular ejection fraction using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) requires a steady cardiac rhythm for electrocardiogram (ECG) gating and multiple breathholds to minimize respiratory motion artifacts, which often leads to scan times of several minutes. The need for gating and breathholding can be eliminated by employing real-time CMR methods such as through-time radial GRAPPA. The aim of this study is to compare left ventricular cardiac functional parameters obtained using current gold-standard breathhold ECG-gated functional scans with non-gated free-breathing real-time imaging using radial GRAPPA, and to determine whether scan time or the occurrence of artifacts are reduced when using this real-time approach. METHODS: 63 patients were scanned on a 1.5T CMR scanner using both the standard cardiac functional examination with gating and breathholding and the real-time method. Total scan durations were noted. Through-time radial GRAPPA was employed to reconstruct images from the highly accelerated real-time data. The blood volume in the left ventricle was assessed to determine the end systolic volume (ESV), end diastolic volume (EDV), and ejection fraction (EF) for both methods, and images were rated for the presence of artifacts and quality of specific image features by two cardiac readers. Linear regression analysis, Bland-Altman plots and two-sided t-tests were performed to compare the quantitative parameters. A two-sample t-test was performed to compare the scan durations, and a two-sample test of proportion was used to analyze the presence of artifacts. For the reviewers´ ratings the Wilcoxon test for the equality of the scores’ distributions was employed. RESULTS: The differences in EF, EDV, and ESV between the gold-standard and real-time methods were not statistically significant (p-values of 0.77, 0.82, and 0.97, respectively). Additionally, the scan time was significantly shorter for the real-time data collection (p<0.001) and fewer artifacts were reported in the real-time images (p<0.01). In the qualitative image analysis, reviewers marginally preferred the standard images although some features including cardiac motion were equivalently rated. CONCLUSION: Real-time functional CMR with through-time radial GRAPPA performed without ECG-gating under free-breathing can be considered as an alternative to gold-standard breathhold cine imaging for the evaluation of ejection fraction in patients

Magnetic resonance fingerprinting review part 2: Technique and directions

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154317/1/jmri26877.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154317/2/jmri26877_am.pd

An Uncommon Cause of Acute Abdominal Pain: Primary Epiploic Appendagitis in the Emergency Setting

In the emergency setting, the diagnosis of benign causes of acute abdominal pain can prevent unnecessary medical interventions. To illustrate this point, we report the case of a 28-year-old man who presented to the emer- gency department with symptoms suggestive of acute diverticulitis. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) established, instead, a diagnosis of primary epiploic appendagitis (PEA), which was managed expectantly. The patient’s symptoms resolved within one week of hospital discharge and he remained free of pain at a five-month phone follow-up. Increased awareness of PEA and its self-limited course can help the emergency physician avoid unnecessary imaging studies and expectantly manage this cause of acute abdominal pain.

Multicenter Repeatability and Reproducibility of MR Fingerprinting in Phantoms and in Prostatic Tissue.

PURPOSE To evaluate multicenter repeatability and reproducibility of T1 and T2 maps generated using MR fingerprinting (MRF) in the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine/National Institute of Standards and Technology MRI system phantom and in prostatic tissues. METHODS MRF experiments were performed on 5 different 3 Tesla MRI scanners at 3 different institutions: University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center (Cleveland, OH), Brigham and Women's Hospital (Boston, MA) in the United States, and Diagnosticos da America (Rio de Janeiro, RJ) in Brazil. Raw MRF data were reconstructed using a Gadgetron-based MRF online reconstruction pipeline to yield quantitative T1 and T2 maps. The repeatability of T1 and T2 values over 6 measurements in the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine/National Institute of Standards and Technology MRI system phantom was assessed to demonstrate intrascanner variation. The reproducibility between the 4 clinical scanners was assessed to demonstrate interscanner variation. The same-day test-retest normal prostate mean T1 and T2 values from peripheral zone and transitional zone were also compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS The intrascanner variation of values measured using MRF was less than 2% for T1 and 4.7% for T2 for relaxation values, within the range of 307.7 to 2360 ms for T1 and 19.1 to 248.5 ms for T2 . Interscanner measurements showed that the T1 variation was less than 4.9%, and T2 variation was less than 8.1% between multicenter scanners. Both T1 and T2 values in in vivo prostatic tissue demonstrated high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.92) and strong linear correlation (R2  > 0.840). CONCLUSION Prostate MRF measurements of T1 and T2 are repeatable and reproducible between MRI scanners at different centers on different continents for the above measurement ranges

Simultaneous Mapping of T1 and T2 Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting in a Cohort of Healthy Subjects at 1.5T

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162735/2/jmri27155.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162735/1/jmri27155_am.pd

Does Deworming Improve Growth and School Performance in Children?

Background The World Bank ranks soil-transmitted helminth infection as causing more ill health in children aged 5–15 years than any other infection. In light of this ranking, global agencies recommend regular, mass treatment with deworming drugs to children in developing countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) argues that “deworming helps meet the Millennium Development Goals”, in particular the six health-related goals:eradicate extreme poverty and hunger;achieve universal primary education;promote gender equality and empower women;reduce child mortality and improve maternal health; and combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases. However, deworming campaigns cost money to deliver, and so we must be clear that WHO statements about the impact of these programmes are based on reliable evidence. In 2000, we systematically reviewed the reliable evidence from relevant controlled trials about the effects of anthelminth drugs for soil-transmitted helminth infection on child growth and cognition. This systematic review, published in The Cochrane Database and the BMJ, demonstrated uncertainty around the assumed benefit and concluded that it may be a potentially important intervention, but needed better evaluation. The BMJ published a large number of letters that criticised the findings, including from authors at the World Bank, the WHO, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Pan American Health Organization. We do not feel that these criticisms were scientifically substantive enough to undermine the method or the conclusion. For example, several critics commented on the fact that the systematic review could not make any conclusions about the long-term effects of treatment—but, as we argued in our reply to these criticisms, “we were unable to find any randomised controlled trials that evaluated long term benefit, and the evidence of short term benefit was not, for us, convincing.” The research community quite correctly carried out further randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of repeated doses in community trials with longer follow-up compared with no intervention or placebo. In light of this additional research, we have now updated the original Cochrane review. An author of one of the trials included in the 2000 review, Ed Cooper, criticised the review for not taking into account heterogeneity in parasite burdens. Therefore, in the recently updated review, we conducted an additional subgroup analysis at trial level stratified by worm intensity and prevalence