2,152 research outputs found
Reparametrization invariance and the expansion of currents in the heavy quark effective theory
The coefficients appearing at leading and subleading order in the
expansion of bilinear heavy quark currents are related to each other by
imposing reparametrization invariance on both the effective current operators
and the short-distance coefficient functions in the heavy quark effective
theory. When combined with present knowledge about the leading order
coefficients, the results allow to calculate all coefficients appearing at
order to next-to-leading order in renormalization-group improved
perturbation theory. They also provide a meaningful definition of the velocity
transfer variable to order .Comment: 10 pages ReVTeX, SLAC-PUB-6059 (no figures
Semi-Lorentz invariance, unitarity, and critical exponents of symplectic fermion models
We study a model of N-component complex fermions with a kinetic term that is
second order in derivatives. This symplectic fermion model has an Sp(2N)
symmetry, which for any N contains an SO(3) subgroup that can be identified
with rotational spin of spin-1/2 particles. Since the spin-1/2 representation
is not promoted to a representation of the Lorentz group, the model is not
fully Lorentz invariant, although it has a relativistic dispersion relation.
The hamiltonian is pseudo-hermitian, H^\dagger = C H C, which implies it has a
unitary time evolution. Renormalization-group analysis shows the model has a
low-energy fixed point that is a fermionic version of the Wilson-Fisher fixed
points. The critical exponents are computed to two-loop order. Possible
applications to condensed matter physics in 3 space-time dimensions are
discussed.Comment: v2: Published version, minor typose correcte
Two-channel pseudogap Kondo and Anderson models: Quantum phase transitions and non-Fermi liquids
We discuss the two-channel Kondo problem with a pseudogap density of states,
\rho(\w)\propto|\w|^r, of the bath fermions. Combining both analytical and
numerical renormalization group techniques, we characterize the impurity phases
and quantum phase transitions of the relevant Kondo and Anderson models. The
line of stable points, corresponding to the overscreened non-Fermi liquid
behavior of the metallic case, is replaced by a stable particle-hole
symmetric intermediate-coupling fixed point for 0. For
r>\rmax, this non-Fermi liquid phase disappears, and instead a critical fixed
point with an emergent spin--channel symmetry appears, controlling the quantum
phase transition between two phases with stable spin and channel moments,
respectively. We propose low-energy field theories to describe the quantum
phase transitions, all being formulated in fermionic variables. We employ
epsilon expansion techniques to calculate critical properties near the critical
dimensions and , the latter being potentially relevant for
two-channel Kondo impurities in neutral graphene. We find the analytical
results to be in excellent agreement with those obtained from applying Wilson's
numerical renormalization group technique.Comment: Added reference
QCD Sum Rule Analysis of the Subleading Isgur-Wise Form Factor
We present a QCD sum rule calculation of the spin-symmetry violating
universal function , which appears at order in the
heavy quark expansion of meson form factors. This function vanishes in the
standard approximation, where radiative effects are neglected. For the first
time, the complete set of diagrams arising at order is evaluated. In
particular, we find at zero recoil, indicating
that corrections induced by the chromo-magnetic moment operator are
small.Comment: (10 pages, REVTEX, 2 figures not included) SLAC-PUB-5915,
WIS-92/70/Sep-P
Functional Assessment and Patient-Related Outcomes after Gluteus Maximus Flap Transfer in Patients with Severe Hip Abductor Deficiency
(1) Background:
Degeneration of the hip abductor mechanism, a well-known cause of functional limitation, is difficult to treat and is associated with a reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The gluteus maximus muscle flap is a treatment option to support a severely degenerative modified gluteus medius muscle. Although several reports exist on the clinical outcome, there remains a gap in the literature regarding HRQOL in conjunction with functional results.
(2) Methods:
The present study consists of 18 patients with a mean age of 64 (53‒79) years, operatively treated with a gluteus maximus flap due to chronic gluteal deficiency. Fifteen (83%) of these patients presented a history of total hip arthroplasty or revision arthroplasty. Pre and postoperative pain, Trendelenburg sign, internal rotation lag sign, trochanteric pain syndrome, the Harris Hip Score (HHS), and abduction strength after Janda (0‒5) were evaluated. Postoperative patient satisfaction and health-related quality of life, according to the Short Form 36 (SF-36), were used as patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs). Postoperative MRI scans were performed in 13 cases (72%).
(3) Results:
Local pain decreased from NRS 6.1 (0-10) to 4.9 (0-8) and 44% presented with a negative Trendelenburg sign postoperatively. The overall HHS results (p = 0.42) and muscular abduction strength (p = 0.32) increased without significance. The postoperative HRQOL reached 46.8 points (31.3-62.6) for the mental component score and 37.1 points (26.9-54.7) for the physical component score. The physical component results presented a high level of positive correlation with HHS scores postoperatively (R = 0.88, p < 0.001). Moreover, 72% reported that they would undergo the operative treatment again. The MRI overall showed no significant further loss of muscle volume and no further degeneration of muscular tissue.
(4) Conclusions:
Along with fair functional results, the patients treated with a gluteus maximus flap transfer presented satisfying long-term PROMs. Given this condition, the gluteus maximus muscle flap transfer is a viable option for selected patients with chronic gluteal deficiency
A Virial Theorem for the Kinetic Energy of a Heavy Quark inside Hadrons
The formalism of the heavy quark effective theory is used to derive the
field-theory analog of the virial theorem, which relates the matrix element of
the kinetic energy of a heavy quark inside a hadron to a matrix element of the
gluon field strength tensor. The existing QCD sum rule calculations of the
kinetic energy are not consistent with this theorem.Comment: 10 pages LaTeX, CERN-TH.7070/9
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