221 research outputs found
Atmospheric radiation model for water surfaces
An atmospheric correction model was extended to account for various atmospheric radiation components in remotely sensed data. Components such as the atmospheric path radiance which results from singly scattered sky radiation specularly reflected by the water surface are considered. A component which is referred to as the virtual Sun path radiance, i.e. the singly scattered path radiance which results from the solar radiation which is specularly reflected by the water surface is also considered. These atmospheric radiation components are coded into a computer program for the analysis of multispectral remote sensor data over the Great Lakes of the United States. The user must know certain parameters, such as the visibility or spectral optical thickness of the atmosphere and the geometry of the sensor with respect to the Sun and the target elements under investigation
A Networks-Science Investigation into the Epic Poems of Ossian
In 1760 James Macpherson published the first volume of a series of epic poems
which he claimed to have translated into English from ancient Scottish-Gaelic
sources. The poems, which purported to have been composed by a third-century
bard named Ossian, quickly achieved wide international acclaim. They invited
comparisons with major works of the epic tradition, including Homer's Iliad and
Odyssey, and effected a profound influence on the emergent Romantic period in
literature and the arts. However, the work also provoked one of the most famous
literary controversies of all time, colouring the reception of the poetry to
this day. The authenticity of the poems was questioned by some scholars, while
others protested that they misappropriated material from Irish mythological
sources. Recent years have seen a growing critical interest in Ossian,
initiated by revisionist and counter-revisionist scholarship and by the
two-hundred-and-fiftieth anniversary of the first collected edition of the
poems in 1765. Here we investigate Ossian from a networks-science point of
view. We compare the connectivity structures underlying the societies described
in the Ossianic narratives with those of ancient Greek and Irish sources.
Despite attempts, from the outset, to position Ossian alongside the Homeric
epics and to distance it from Irish sources, our results indicate significant
network-structural differences between Macpherson's text and those of Homer.
They also show a strong similarity between Ossianic networks and those of the
narratives known as Acallam na Sen\'orach (Colloquy of the Ancients) from the
Fenian Cycle of Irish mythology.Comment: Accepted for publication in Advances in Complex system
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2015 ACVIM Small Animal Consensus Statement on Seizure Management in Dogs
This report represents a scientific and working clinical consensus statement on seizure management in dogs based on current literature and clinical expertise. The goal was to establish guidelines for a predetermined, concise, and logical sequential approach to chronic seizure management starting with seizure identification and diagnosis (not included in this report), reviewing decisionâmaking, treatment strategies, focusing on issues related to chronic antiepileptic drug treatment response and monitoring, and guidelines to enhance patient response and quality of life. Ultimately, we hope to provide a foundation for ongoing and future clinical epilepsy research in veterinary medicine
Applying refinement to the use of mice and rats in rheumatoid arthritis research
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a painful, chronic disorder and there is currently an unmet need for effective therapies that will benefit a wide range of patients. The research and development process for therapies and treatments currently involves in vivo studies, which have the potential to cause discomfort, pain or distress. This Working Group report focuses on identifying causes of suffering within commonly used mouse and rat âmodelsâ of RA, describing practical refinements to help reduce suffering and improve welfare without compromising the scientific objectives. The report also discusses other, relevant topics including identifying and minimising sources of variation within in vivo RA studies, the potential to provide pain relief including analgesia, welfare assessment, humane endpoints, reporting standards and the potential to replace animals in RA research
Antiepileptic drugsâ tolerability and safety â a systematic review and meta-analysis of adverse effects in dogs
<p>Various anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are used for the management of idiopathic epilepsy (IE) in dogs. Their safety profile is an important consideration for regulatory bodies, owners and prescribing clinicians. However, information on their adverse effects still remains limited with most of it derived from non-blinded non-randomized uncontrolled trials and case reports.</p><p><span>This poster won third place, which was presented at the Veterinary Evidence Today conference, Edinburgh November 1-3, 2016. </span></p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /
International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force consensus proposal: Medical treatment of canine epilepsy in Europe
In Europe, the number of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) licensed for dogs has grown considerably over the last years. Nevertheless, the same questions remain, which include, 1) when to start treatment, 2) which drug is best used initially, 3) which adjunctive AED can be advised if treatment with the initial drug is unsatisfactory, and 4) when treatment changes should be considered. In this consensus proposal, an overview is given on the aim of AED treatment, when to start long-term treatment in canine epilepsy and which veterinary AEDs are currently in use for dogs. The consensus proposal for drug treatment protocols, 1) is based on current published evidence-based literature, 2) considers the current legal framework of the cascade regulation for the prescription of veterinary drugs in Europe, and 3) reflects the authorsâ experience. With this paper it is aimed to provide a consensus for the management of canine idiopathic epilepsy. Furthermore, for the management of structural epilepsy AEDs are inevitable in addition to treating the underlying cause, if possible
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