Ataque epileptiforme idiopático y síncope cardiogénico en el perro : consideraciones diagnósticas

Con este trabajo intentamos aporrar algunas consideraciones prácticas sobre la problemática de trastornos convulsivos en el perro y del diagnóstico del ataque epiléptico idiopático y síncope cardiogénico en la especie animal. Para ello presentamos 8 casos clínicos de animales llevados a la consulta de nuestro departamento y que, en algún momento, presentan lo que los propietarios denominaron como «ataques». En estos animales, además del estudio cardiogénico se realizaron análisis de calcio, fósforo, glucosa, recuentos de glóbulos totales, fórmula leucocitaria y proteínograma, cuyos resultados son discutidos en cada caso. Asimismo resaltamos la importancia de la anamnesis en el diagnóstico de estos procesos y proponemos el protocolo a seguir en estas situaciones.This paper attempts to provide some practical considerations on tbe problems of convulsive disorders in dogs and on the diagnosis of idiopathic epilep tic attacks and cardiogenic syncope in animals. With this ainm eight cases of animals brought to the surgery in our department, who at one stage bad suffered «attacks» according to their owners, are presented. All the animals undervient a cardiogenic study as well as analyses including calcium, phosphorus, blood glucose, blood counts and differential, and a proteinogram, the results of which are discussed for each case. Likewise, the importance of the anamnesis is emphasized to reach a diagnosis of these disorders and a protocol is proposed for such situations

Fisiopatología del daño por isquemia-reperfusión en el síndrome de la torsión-dilatación gástrica

La restauración del flujo sanguíneo en áreas isquémicas, también denominada reperfusión, genera cambios responsables de una buena parte de las consecuencias adversas de la isquemia. Lo que hasta hace unos años se consideraba consecuencia de la falta de oxígeno y acidosis metabólica ha dado paso a nuevos conceptos como el de estrés oxidativo, en el cual el equilibrio oxidación-reducción de la célula está desplazado hacia la izquierda, con liberación de radicales que pueden producir graves daños celulares. Esta situación está presente en el síndrome de torsión-dilatación gástrica, en el cual hay cambios vasculares importantes, con isquemia de una cantidad importante de tejidos y en el que el éxito de su resolución dependerá de la rapidez de actuación por parte del clínico y de su capacidad para reducir el estrés oxidativo. Este artículo pretende acercar al clínico veterinario de animales de compañía a los avances sobre esta materia, tanto en su fisiopatología como en su terapéutica, para que le sean de utilidad en la resolución de los procesos isquémicos en general y de los que acompañan al síndrome de torsión-dilatación gástrica en particular

Influence of a liquid on the natural frequencies of almost circular plates

In this work, the influence of the surrounding fluid on the dynamic characteristics of almost circular plates is investigated. First the natural frequencies and normal modes for the plates in vacuum are calculated by a perturbation procedure. The method is applied for the case of elliptical plates with a low value of eccentricity. The results are compared with other available methods for this type of plates with good agreement. Next, the effect of the fluid is considered. The normal modes of the plate in vacuum are used as a base to express the vibration mode of the coupled plate-fluid system. By applying the Hankel transformation the nondimensional added virtual mass 2 increment (NAVMI) are calculated for elliptical plates. Results of the NAVMI factors and the effect of the fluid on the natural frequencies are given and it is shown that when the eccentricity of the plate is reduced to zero (circular plate) the known results of the natural frequencies for circular plates surrounded by liquid are recovered

Induced Damping on Vibrating Circular Plates Submerged in still Fluid

When a structure vibrates immersed in a fluid it is known that the dynamic properties of the system are modified. The surrounding fluid will, in general, contribute to the inertia, the rigidity and the damping coefficient of the coupled fluid-structure system. For light structures, like spacecraft antennas, even when the fluid is air the contribution to the dynamic properties can be important. For not so light structures the ratio of the equivalent fluid/structure mass and rigidity can be very small and the fluid contribution could be neglected. For the ratio of equivalent fluid/structure damping both terms are of the same order and therefore the fluid contribution must be studied. The working life of the spacecraft structure would be on space and so without any surrounding fluid. The response of a spacecraft structure on its operational life would be attenuated by the structural damping alone but when the structure is dynamically tested on the earth the dynamic modal test is performed with the fluid surrounding it. The results thus are contaminated by the effects of the fluid. If the damping added by the fluid is of the same order as the structural damping the response of the structure in space can be quite different to the response predicted on earth. It is therefore desirable to have a method able to determine the amount of damping induced by the fluid and that should be subtracted of the total damping measured on the modal vibration test. In this work, a method for the determination of the effect of the surrounding fluid on the dynamic characteristics of a circular plate has been developed. The plate is assumed to vibrate harmonically with the vacuum modes and the generalized forces matrix due to the fluid is thus computed. For a compressible fluid this matrix is formed by complex numbers including terms of inertia, rigidity and damping. The matrix due to the fluid loading is determined by a boundary element method (BEM). The BEM used is of circular rings on the plate surface so the number of elements to obtain an accurate result is very low. The natural frequencies of the system are computed by an iteration procedure one by one and also the damping fluid contribution. Comparisons of the present method with various experimental data and other theories show the efficiency and accuracy of the method for any support condition of the plate

Biopsia de médula ósea en perro : técnica y utilidad diagnóstica

La biopsia de médula ósea demuestra ser una técnica importante en el diagnóstico de algunos procesos caninos. Se describen las indicaciones para la evaluación de una muestra de médula ósea en el perro así como la técnica detallada para la obtención de la misma.The bone marrow biopsy is revealed as a important tool in some canine diseases. Clinical indications for the assesment of canine bone marrow samples are described A detailed technique to get the sample is also shown

Pancreatitis canina

Este trabajo revisa diferentes aspectos de la pancreatitis en el perro (síntomas, etiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento), realizando un análisis de los mismos bajo un punto de vista práctico para el veterinario

Cómo asumir la incertidumbre : Una perspectiva psicoterapéutica

Review of a purely cognitive book that is an invaluable tool for developing effective psychotherapy with recognizable content.Reseña de un leibro netamente cognitivo que supone una herramienta de incalculable valor para desarrollar una psicoterapia efectyiva y de contenido reconocible

Effects of the surrounding fluid on the dynamic characteristis of circular plates

Recently for acoustical and spatial applications such as antennas or very light panels the influence on the dynamic characteristics of a structure surrounded by a fluid of low density has been studied. Thus, it has been shown that the air effect for the Intelsat VI C-B transmit reflector with a diameter of 3,2 meters and weighting only 34,7 kg decreases the first modal frequency by 20% with respect to the value in vacuum. It is important then, in the development of these light and large structures to have a method that estimates the effect that the surrounding fluid will have on the natural frequencies of the structure. In this way it can be avoided to test the structure in a vacuum chamber which for a large antenna or panel can be difficult and expensive. A method for the determination of the effect of the surrounding fluid on the dynamic characteristics of a circular plate has been developed. After the modes of the plate in vacuum are calculated in an analytical form, the added mass matrix due to the fluid loading is determined by a boundary element method (BEM). The BEM used is of circular rings so the number of elements to obtain an accurate result is very low. An iteration procedure for the computation of the natural frequencies of the couple fluid-structure system is presented for the case of the compressibility effect of air. Comparisons of the present method with various experimental data and other theories show the efficiency and accuracy of the method for any support condition of the plat

Carcinoma hepatocelular primario en perro : descripción de 2 casos clínicos

Se describen dos casos de carcinoma hepático primario en perro, incluyendo en cada uno los resultados de la bioquímica clínica y hematología, examen radiológico y ecográfico. Se discute la utilidad de cada uno de estos métodos en el diagnóstico de este tipo de patología hepática, sus ventajas e inconvenientes.Two clinical cases of hepatocellular carcinoma are described in dogs. Biochemical and haematological profiles as well as radiological and ultrasound features are included. The uselfulness and advantages of these diagnostical methods are discussed