Beetles (Coleoptera) of wetlands and other aquatic habitats in the Polish part of the Polesie region found during the Balfour-Browne Club Meeting 2016

A total of 27 sites in the Polish part of the Polesie region were investigated for aquatic and wetland-associated beetles during the field sessions of the Balfour-Browne Club Meeting (23-30.05.2016). These comprised a mixture of fens and Sphagnum peat bogs, ditches draining fens, oxbow lakes of the Bug River, and sand excavations. A total of 408 species, belonging to all three sub-orders of beetle and 34 families were captured, including 351 species related to the aquatic environment (true water beetles – 157, phytophilous water beetles – 32, facultative water beetles – 1, false water beetles – 156, shore beetles – 157). Numerous rare, protected, species and those endangered in Poland or neighbouring countries were found. Information on three species (Agabus pseudoclypealis, Hygrotus polonicus and Berosus geminus) is important for our understanding of their geographical range limits. In the case of B. geminus, new data, in conjunction with information from Ukraine, points to the existence of an isolated island of occupancy in Polish and Ukrainian Polesie. Analysis of the material collected also reveals the high value of the study area, both nationally and internationally, for the protection of wetland beetle biodiversity

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

Effects of antiplatelet therapy after stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage (RESTART): a randomised, open-label trial

Background: Antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of major vascular events for people with occlusive vascular disease, although it might increase the risk of intracranial haemorrhage. Patients surviving the commonest subtype of intracranial haemorrhage, intracerebral haemorrhage, are at risk of both haemorrhagic and occlusive vascular events, but whether antiplatelet therapy can be used safely is unclear. We aimed to estimate the relative and absolute effects of antiplatelet therapy on recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage and whether this risk might exceed any reduction of occlusive vascular events. Methods: The REstart or STop Antithrombotics Randomised Trial (RESTART) was a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint, parallel-group trial at 122 hospitals in the UK. We recruited adults (≥18 years) who were taking antithrombotic (antiplatelet or anticoagulant) therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage, discontinued antithrombotic therapy, and survived for 24 h. Computerised randomisation incorporating minimisation allocated participants (1:1) to start or avoid antiplatelet therapy. We followed participants for the primary outcome (recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage) for up to 5 years. We analysed data from all randomised participants using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for minimisation covariates. This trial is registered with ISRCTN (number ISRCTN71907627). Findings: Between May 22, 2013, and May 31, 2018, 537 participants were recruited a median of 76 days (IQR 29–146) after intracerebral haemorrhage onset: 268 were assigned to start and 269 (one withdrew) to avoid antiplatelet therapy. Participants were followed for a median of 2·0 years (IQR [1·0– 3·0]; completeness 99·3%). 12 (4%) of 268 participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had recurrence of intracerebral haemorrhage compared with 23 (9%) of 268 participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (adjusted hazard ratio 0·51 [95% CI 0·25–1·03]; p=0·060). 18 (7%) participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy experienced major haemorrhagic events compared with 25 (9%) participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (0·71 [0·39–1·30]; p=0·27), and 39 [15%] participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had major occlusive vascular events compared with 38 [14%] allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (1·02 [0·65–1·60]; p=0·92). Interpretation: These results exclude all but a very modest increase in the risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage with antiplatelet therapy for patients on antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage. The risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage is probably too small to exceed the established benefits of antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention

Effects of antiplatelet therapy after stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage (RESTART): a randomised, open-label trial

Background: Antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of major vascular events for people with occlusive vascular disease, although it might increase the risk of intracranial haemorrhage. Patients surviving the commonest subtype of intracranial haemorrhage, intracerebral haemorrhage, are at risk of both haemorrhagic and occlusive vascular events, but whether antiplatelet therapy can be used safely is unclear. We aimed to estimate the relative and absolute effects of antiplatelet therapy on recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage and whether this risk might exceed any reduction of occlusive vascular events. Methods: The REstart or STop Antithrombotics Randomised Trial (RESTART) was a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint, parallel-group trial at 122 hospitals in the UK. We recruited adults (≥18 years) who were taking antithrombotic (antiplatelet or anticoagulant) therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage, discontinued antithrombotic therapy, and survived for 24 h. Computerised randomisation incorporating minimisation allocated participants (1:1) to start or avoid antiplatelet therapy. We followed participants for the primary outcome (recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage) for up to 5 years. We analysed data from all randomised participants using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for minimisation covariates. This trial is registered with ISRCTN (number ISRCTN71907627). Findings: Between May 22, 2013, and May 31, 2018, 537 participants were recruited a median of 76 days (IQR 29–146) after intracerebral haemorrhage onset: 268 were assigned to start and 269 (one withdrew) to avoid antiplatelet therapy. Participants were followed for a median of 2·0 years (IQR [1·0– 3·0]; completeness 99·3%). 12 (4%) of 268 participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had recurrence of intracerebral haemorrhage compared with 23 (9%) of 268 participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (adjusted hazard ratio 0·51 [95% CI 0·25–1·03]; p=0·060). 18 (7%) participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy experienced major haemorrhagic events compared with 25 (9%) participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (0·71 [0·39–1·30]; p=0·27), and 39 [15%] participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had major occlusive vascular events compared with 38 [14%] allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (1·02 [0·65–1·60]; p=0·92). Interpretation: These results exclude all but a very modest increase in the risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage with antiplatelet therapy for patients on antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage. The risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage is probably too small to exceed the established benefits of antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention

31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016) : part two

Background The immunological escape of tumors represents one of the main ob- stacles to the treatment of malignancies. The blockade of PD-1 or CTLA-4 receptors represented a milestone in the history of immunotherapy. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to be effective in specific cohorts of patients. It has been proposed that their efficacy relies on the presence of an immunological response. Thus, we hypothesized that disruption of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis would synergize with our oncolytic vaccine platform PeptiCRAd. Methods We used murine B16OVA in vivo tumor models and flow cytometry analysis to investigate the immunological background. Results First, we found that high-burden B16OVA tumors were refractory to combination immunotherapy. However, with a more aggressive schedule, tumors with a lower burden were more susceptible to the combination of PeptiCRAd and PD-L1 blockade. The therapy signifi- cantly increased the median survival of mice (Fig. 7). Interestingly, the reduced growth of contralaterally injected B16F10 cells sug- gested the presence of a long lasting immunological memory also against non-targeted antigens. Concerning the functional state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), we found that all the immune therapies would enhance the percentage of activated (PD-1pos TIM- 3neg) T lymphocytes and reduce the amount of exhausted (PD-1pos TIM-3pos) cells compared to placebo. As expected, we found that PeptiCRAd monotherapy could increase the number of antigen spe- cific CD8+ T cells compared to other treatments. However, only the combination with PD-L1 blockade could significantly increase the ra- tio between activated and exhausted pentamer positive cells (p= 0.0058), suggesting that by disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis we could decrease the amount of dysfunctional antigen specific T cells. We ob- served that the anatomical location deeply influenced the state of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In fact, TIM-3 expression was in- creased by 2 fold on TILs compared to splenic and lymphoid T cells. In the CD8+ compartment, the expression of PD-1 on the surface seemed to be restricted to the tumor micro-environment, while CD4 + T cells had a high expression of PD-1 also in lymphoid organs. Interestingly, we found that the levels of PD-1 were significantly higher on CD8+ T cells than on CD4+ T cells into the tumor micro- environment (p < 0.0001). Conclusions In conclusion, we demonstrated that the efficacy of immune check- point inhibitors might be strongly enhanced by their combination with cancer vaccines. PeptiCRAd was able to increase the number of antigen-specific T cells and PD-L1 blockade prevented their exhaus- tion, resulting in long-lasting immunological memory and increased median survival

Effects of antiplatelet therapy after stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage (RESTART): a randomised, open-label trial

BACKGROUND: Antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of major vascular events for people with occlusive vascular disease, although it might increase the risk of intracranial haemorrhage. Patients surviving the commonest subtype of intracranial haemorrhage, intracerebral haemorrhage, are at risk of both haemorrhagic and occlusive vascular events, but whether antiplatelet therapy can be used safely is unclear. We aimed to estimate the relative and absolute effects of antiplatelet therapy on recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage and whether this risk might exceed any reduction of occlusive vascular events. METHODS: The REstart or STop Antithrombotics Randomised Trial (RESTART) was a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint, parallel-group trial at 122 hospitals in the UK. We recruited adults (≥18 years) who were taking antithrombotic (antiplatelet or anticoagulant) therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage, discontinued antithrombotic therapy, and survived for 24 h. Computerised randomisation incorporating minimisation allocated participants (1:1) to start or avoid antiplatelet therapy. We followed participants for the primary outcome (recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage) for up to 5 years. We analysed data from all randomised participants using Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for minimisation covariates. This trial is registered with ISRCTN (number ISRCTN71907627). FINDINGS: Between May 22, 2013, and May 31, 2018, 537 participants were recruited a median of 76 days (IQR 29-146) after intracerebral haemorrhage onset: 268 were assigned to start and 269 (one withdrew) to avoid antiplatelet therapy. Participants were followed for a median of 2·0 years (IQR [1·0- 3·0]; completeness 99·3%). 12 (4%) of 268 participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had recurrence of intracerebral haemorrhage compared with 23 (9%) of 268 participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (adjusted hazard ratio 0·51 [95% CI 0·25-1·03]; p=0·060). 18 (7%) participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy experienced major haemorrhagic events compared with 25 (9%) participants allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (0·71 [0·39-1·30]; p=0·27), and 39 [15%] participants allocated to antiplatelet therapy had major occlusive vascular events compared with 38 [14%] allocated to avoid antiplatelet therapy (1·02 [0·65-1·60]; p=0·92). INTERPRETATION: These results exclude all but a very modest increase in the risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage with antiplatelet therapy for patients on antithrombotic therapy for the prevention of occlusive vascular disease when they developed intracerebral haemorrhage. The risk of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage is probably too small to exceed the established benefits of antiplatelet therapy for secondary prevention. FUNDING: British Heart Foundation

Report of Frank Balfour-Browne's collecting in Gran Canaria and Madeira (1932 - 1933), with the description of Ochthebius (Cobalius) lanthanus sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae)

Ribera, Ignacio, Foster, Garth N. (2018): Report of Frank Balfour-Browne's collecting in Gran Canaria and Madeira (1932 - 1933), with the description of Ochthebius (Cobalius) lanthanus sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae). Zootaxa 4524 (1): 65-76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4524.1.

Ochthebius (Cobalius) lanthanus Ribera & Foster 2018, sp. nov.

Ochthebius (Cobalius) lanthanus sp. nov. (Figs 2–7) Type locality. Rockpools in Charco las Palomas, Arucas, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain (28°9'13.7"N 15°31'49.3"W). Type material. Holotype male (MNCN): “9 Gran Canaria 13.3.2018 / Arucas: Charco las Palomas, rockp. / 28°9'13.7"N 15°31'49.3"W / Millán, Ribera & Villastrigo leg.”, “DNA-voucher / IBE-AN173”, plus printed red holotype label. DNA aliquots are deposited in the tissue & DNA collections of the IBE and MNCN; the COI-3’ sequence has been deposited in the ENA database with accession number LS997917. Paratypes (64 exx): 11 exx. (IBE) 4 exx. (EAM) same data as holotype, with red paratype labels; 25 exx. (IBE, GNFC, MNCN, NMW) 5 exx. (UM) “1 Gran Canaria 12+ 14.3.2018 / rockpools in Taliarte, lighthouse / 27°59'34.7"N 15°22'10.9"W / Millán, Ribera & Villastrigo leg.”, with printed red paratype labels (one male used for DNA extraction and sequencing and for SEM observation, with label “DNA- voucher / IBE-AV169”). Most of the specimens collected in 2018 were immature. A total of 19 paratypes are held in Frank Balfour-Browne’s collection at the National Museums Collection Centre (RSM) in two shallow trays, one 60 x 44 mm with a label for the tray “ Ochthebius subinteger Muls. & Rey & var. lejolisii M & R Grand Canary 3iii.1932 ” [F-BB handwriting] with 15 exx “Gd Canary 3.III.32 ” [F-BB handwriting], “Balfour-Browne NMSZ.1962.23.xx” [printed, where “xx” is 7–17 and 29–32], plus printed red paratype labels (Fig. 1); the genitalia and abdomen of specimen 10 have been dissected and glued on the same card with water-soluble adhesive. A second tray 44 x 31 mm (RSM) holds five cards, four of them occupied by paratypes with the same labels as before numbered 1–4, plus printed red paratype labels. Description. Habitus as in Fig. 2. Length: 1.70–1.90 mm; width: 0.65–0.75 mm (females larger on average); body form slender. With a greenish metallic hue, some specimens darker (almost black); palpi brown, antennae yellowish except for the brown club, legs yellowish-brown, knees and apical tip of tarsi darker brown. Upper surface of head (Fig. 3) with irregular, adpressed fine whitish setae. Labrum transverse, anteriorly sinuated, surface smooth. Frontoclypeal suture distinct, strongly arched. Surface of head partly reticulated, with a shagreened appearance, especially around two depressed fovea on vertex; each fovea with a deep pit, visible clearly only with SEM imaging. Eyes large, with small, recumbent setae among ocelli. With two very small ocelli between pits and anterior margin of pronotum. Pronotum (Fig. 4) transverse, wider than long (length/width ratio: 0.8); surface covered with same type of setae as on head, more densely distributed, margins with longer and more robust setae; anterior margin straight in middle; anterior angles rounded; lateral margin serrate in middle. Hyaline membrane narrow at anterior and posterior margins, wider at posterior corners. Surface very densely punctate; disc with a shallow median groove and well defined lateral furrows. (1) Green, filamentous algae. Elytra elongate (length/width ratio: ca 1.5), subparallel-sided; with regular rows of punctures, less regular at base; at apex surface becomes somewhat granulated, with space between punctures elevated forming apparent ridges; surface between punctures at base and elytral disk almost flat (Fig. 5); with a strong, adpressed seta on anterior part of each puncture. Lateral rim strongly serrate, with a seta facing backwards at each dent. Membranous wings well developed. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 Recorded taxa current names 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 Agabus biguttatus A. biguttatus (Olivier, 1895) 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 Agabus nebulosus A. nebulosus (Forster, 1771) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 Anacaena haemorrhous A. haemorrhoa (Wollaston, 1864) 1 4 Aulonogyrus striatus A. striatus (Fabricius, 1792) 1 5 Bidessus minutissimus B. minutissimus (Germar, 1823) 1 1 1 1 1 1 Coelambus (Herophydrus) 6 Hygrotus musicus (Klug, 1834) 1 musicus 7 Coelambus confluens Hygrotus confluens (Fabricius, 1787) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 Cybister tripunctatus C. tripunctatus africanus Laporte, 1835 1 1 1 9 Cyclonotum orbiculare Coelostoma hispanicum (Küster, 1848) (1) 1 1 1 10 Deronectes canariensis Nebrioporus canariensis (Bedel, 1881) 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 Gyrinus dejeani G. dejeani Brullé, 1832 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 Gyrinus urinator G. urinator Illiger, 1807 1 1 1 13 Haliplus lineatocollis (2) H. lineatocollis (Marsham, 1802) 1 1 1 14 Hydroporus delectus Woll: Graptodytes delectus (Wollaston, 1864) 1 1 1 15 Hydroporus pubescens (3) H. errans Sharp, 1882 1 1 1 1 1 1 16 Hyphydrus crassus H. maculatus Babington, 1841 1 1 1 1 1 1 17 Laccobius gracilis Muls. (4) L. praecipuus Kuwert, 1840 1 18 Laccobius regularis (5) L. atrocephalus canariensis d’Orchymont, 1 1940 19 Laccobius (5) 1 1 1 1 20 Laccophilus inflatus L. hyalinus (De Geer, 1774) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 21 Meladema coriacea M. coriacea Laporte, 1834 1 1 1 1 1 22 Ochthebius lejolisii Ochthebius lanthanus sp. nov. 1 23 Ochthebius meridionalis (6) O. subpictus subpictus Wollaston, 1857 1 24 Ochthebius pygmaeus (7) O. rugulosus Wollaston, 1857 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 25 Ochthebius quadricollis (8) O. heeri (Wollaston, 1854) 1 26 Ochthebius quadrifoveolatus O. quadrifoveolatus Wollaston, 1854 1 1 1 1 1 27 Parnus Dryops gracilis (Karsch, 1881) (9) 1 28 Philhydrus maritimus Enochrus bicolor (Fabricius, 1792) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 29 Philhydrus politus Enochrus politus (Küster, 1849) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Total 7 8 3 1 1 4 2 1 1 6 4 6 5 5 7 2 5 2 1 2 6 2 1 3 6 6 7 3 0 1 (1) F. Balfour-Browne’s Gran Canaria collection in the RSM holds seven specimens of C. hispanicum collected 7 March, 1932. (2) Recorded as a dark form. (3) H. pubescens Gyllenhal, 1808 is not present in the Canaries (Gutiérrez-Álvarez et al. 2014), the records must be referred most likely to H. errans. (4) L. (Microlaccobius) gracilis Motschulsky, 1855 is not present in the Canaries, the only Microlaccobius present in the islands is L. praecipuus (Gutiérrez-Álvarez et al. 2014). One female in the collection in the RSM, collected 7 March, 1932 (5) L. regularis Rey, 1885 is currently a synonym of L. obscuratus Rottenberg, 1874, not present in the Canaries. Some of the captures were first recorded in the journal as “ Laccobius regularis ”, but subsequently “ regularis ” was crossed out. F. Balfour-Browne’s Gran Canaria collection in the RSM holds 27 specimens (including six dissected males) of L. a. canariensis, collected mainly on 7 March, 1932. We thus assume all the captures correspond to this species, the only species of Laccobius recorded from Gran Canaria in addition to L. praecipuus (Gutiérrez-Álvarez et al. 2014). (6) O. meridionalis Rey, 1885 is not present in the Canaries. The only species of the O. marinus group recorded from the islands is O. subpictus Wollaston, 1857, which would represent a new record for Gran Canaria (Gutiérrez-Álvarez et al. 2014). (7) Ochthebius pygmaeus (Paykull, 1798) is currently a synonym of O. (Asiobates) minimus (Fabricius, 1792), not present in Gran Canaria. The only species of Asiobates recorded from the island is O. (A.) rugulosus (Gutiérrez- Álvarez et al. 2014), also in the minimus group (Villastrigo et al. 2019). (8) “This is a small form, named by Wollaston as 4 foveolatus distinctly smaller than the Spanish specimens” (9) No specimen of Dryops could be found in F. Balfour-Browne’s Gran Canaria collection in the RSM, but this is the only species of the genus recorded from the island (Gutiérrez-Álvarez et al. 2014). (1) Note that Parnus (= Dryops), recorded from this locality, was not considered a water beetle! has been re-interpreted. See Table 3 for details on the localities. (1) F. Balfour-Browne’s Madeira collection in the RSM holds four males of L. atricolor collected 4 March, 1933, and one female collected 11 March, 1933 (2) The only species of Ochthebius (Cobalius) recorded from Madeira (see main text). (3) Ochthebius pygmaeus (Paykull, 1798) is currently a synonym of O. (Asiobates) minimus (Fabricius, 1792), not present in Madeira. The only species of Asiobates recorded from the island is O. (A.) rugulosus (Hughes et al. 1998; Borges et al. 2008), also in the minimus group (Villastrigo et al. 2019). (4) This is the only species of the genus recorded from Madeira (Hughes et al. 1998; Borges et al. 2008). No specimen of Dryops could be found in F. Balfour-Browne’s Madeira collection in the RSM (see also Table 2). Legs short and robust, with rows of strong spine-like setae, without natatorial setae. Ventral surface with a uniform shagreened appearance, covered with fine, dense uniform pubescence (Fig. 6). Margins of metaventrite and abdominal sternites with longer setae, more orderly disposed. Aedeagus (Fig. 7) with main piece evenly curved, with uniform width. Distal lobe tubular, finger-like, apex sinuate, hyaline. Parameres inserted near median part of main piece, not reaching its apex. Etymology. lanthanus, a Latinised adjective derived from the Ancient Greek λανΘάνω, to be unnoticed, to escape detection; a reference to the fact that the species remained unnoticed despite Balfour-Browne’s (1958) book being widely read, and the beetle fauna of Gran Canaria being well known. The specific name is an adjective in nominative singular. Distribution. So far only known from Gran Canaria, but its possible presence in other Canarian islands should be investigated. Habitat. Found in two series of small rockpools over volcanic substratum and devoid of algae or other vegetation (Figs 8, 9), away from the shore and in company of O. heeri. Remarks. Both in external morphology and in the aedeagus O. lanthanus sp. nov. is virtually indistinguishable from O. algicola from Madeira. The median lobe of O. lanthanus sp. nov. seems slightly more robust, with a uniform thickness and without any narrowing in the medial part, while in the studied O. algicola the medial part of the median lobe is slightly narrower. These are, however, very small differences, and not enough material has been studied to discard the possibility of intraspecific variation. Despite the morphological similarity, both species differ by ca 11% in the barcode fragment and 10% in the 3’ end of the COI gen, both well within the range of differences between other well characterised sister species of Ochthebius (Villastrigo et al. 2019). Morphological differences with O. freyi d’Orchymont, 1940 from the Azores, also in the same clade, are more pronounced: the pronotum of O. freyi has a continuous, regularly oval outline, with very shallow fossae and the surface completely shagreened. The head also has a shagreened surface, without marked fossae. The aedeagus is also very different, with a sinuated median lobe and a short and trapezoidal mobile piece. Both the external morphology and aedeagus of O. lanthanus sp. nov. are more similar to those of O. serratus Rosenhauer, 1856, even although this is the most distant species of the lineage (sister to the rest, Villastrigo et al. 2019). None of the three described Macaronessian species of Cobalius seems to be present in the Moroccan Atlantic coast (from Sidi Ifni to Tangier), which species of the subgenus are more related to the true O. lejolisii and some Mediterranean lineages (unpublished molecular data).Published as part of Ribera, Ignacio & Foster, Garth N., 2018, Report of Frank Balfour-Browne's collecting in Gran Canaria and Madeira (1932 - 1933), with the description of Ochthebius (Cobalius) lanthanus sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae), pp. 65-76 in Zootaxa 4524 (1) on pages 68-75, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4524.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/261033