1,109 research outputs found
Towards the interoperability of computerised guidelines and electronic health records: an experiment with openEHR archetypes and a chronic heart failure guideline
Clinical guidelines contain recommendations based on the best empirical evidence available at the moment. There is a wide consensus about the benefits of guidelines and about the fact that they should be deployed through clinical information systems, making them available during clinical consultations. However, one of the main obstacles to this integration is the interaction with the electronic healthrecord system. With the aim of solving the interoperability problems of guideline systems, we have investigated the utilisation of the openEHR standardisation proposal in the context of one of the existing guideline representation languages. Concretely, we have designed a collection of archetypes to be used within a chronic heart failure guideline. The main contribution of our work is the utilisation of openEHR archetypes in the framework of guideline representation languages. Other contributions include both the concrete set of archetypes that we have selected and the methodological approach that we have followed to obtain itThis work has been supported by Fundaci´o Caixa Castell´o-Bancaixa, through the research project P11B2009-3
Fluctuations of water near extended hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces
We use molecular dynamics simulations of the SPC-E model of liquid water to
derive probability distributions for water density fluctuations in probe
volumes of different shapes and sizes, both in the bulk as well as near
hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. To obtain our results, we introduce a
biased sampling of coarse-grained densities, which in turn biases the actual
solvent density. The technique is easily combined with molecular dynamics
integration algorithms. Our principal result is that the probability for
density fluctuations of water near a hydrophobic surface, with or without
surface-water attractions, is akin to density fluctuations at the water-vapor
interface. Specifically, the probability of density depletion near the surface
is significantly larger than that in bulk. In contrast, we find that the
statistics of water density fluctuations near a model hydrophilic surface are
similar to that in the bulk
Modeling healthcare authorization and claim submissions using the openEHR dual-model approach
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The TISS standard is a set of mandatory forms and electronic messages for healthcare authorization and claim submissions among healthcare plans and providers in Brazil. It is not based on formal models as the new generation of health informatics standards suggests. The objective of this paper is to model the TISS in terms of the openEHR archetype-based approach and integrate it into a patient-centered EHR architecture.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Three approaches were adopted to model TISS. In the first approach, a set of archetypes was designed using ENTRY subclasses. In the second one, a set of archetypes was designed using exclusively ADMIN_ENTRY and CLUSTERs as their root classes. In the third approach, the openEHR ADMIN_ENTRY is extended with classes designed for authorization and claim submissions, and an ISM_TRANSITION attribute is added to the COMPOSITION class. Another set of archetypes was designed based on this model. For all three approaches, templates were designed to represent the TISS forms.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The archetypes based on the openEHR RM (Reference Model) can represent all TISS data structures. The extended model adds subclasses and an attribute to the COMPOSITION class to represent information on authorization and claim submissions. The archetypes based on all three approaches have similar structures, although rooted in different classes. The extended openEHR RM model is more semantically aligned with the concepts involved in a claim submission, but may disrupt interoperability with other systems and the current tools must be adapted to deal with it.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Modeling the TISS standard by means of the openEHR approach makes it aligned with ISO recommendations and provides a solid foundation on which the TISS can evolve. Although there are few administrative archetypes available, the openEHR RM is expressive enough to represent the TISS standard. This paper focuses on the TISS but its results may be extended to other billing processes. A complete communication architecture to simulate the exchange of TISS data between systems according to the openEHR approach still needs to be designed and implemented.</p
Universal trend of the information entropy of a fermion in a mean field
We calculate the information entropy of single-particle states in
position-space and momentum-space for a nucleon in a nucleus, a
particle in a hypernucleus and an electron in an atomic cluster. It
is seen that and obey the same approximate functional form as
functions of the number of particles, ({\rm or}
in all of the above many-body systems in position- and momentum- space
separately. The net information content is a slowly varying
function of of the same form as above. The entropy sum is
invariant to uniform scaling of coordinates and a characteristic of the
single-particle states of a specific system. The order of single-particle
states according to is the same as their classification according to
energy keeping the quantum number constant. The spin-orbit splitting is
reproduced correctly. It is also seen that enhances with
excitation of a fermion in a quantum-mechanical system. Finally, we establish a
relationship of with the energy of the corresponding single-particle
state i.e. . This relation holds for all the
systems under consideration.Comment: 9 pages, latex, 6 figure
The NIKA2 instrument, a dual-band kilopixel KID array for millimetric astronomy
NIKA2 (New IRAM KID Array 2) is a camera dedicated to millimeter wave
astronomy based upon kilopixel arrays of Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KID).
The pathfinder instrument, NIKA, has already shown state-of-the-art detector
performance. NIKA2 builds upon this experience but goes one step further,
increasing the total pixel count by a factor 10 while maintaining the
same per pixel performance. For the next decade, this camera will be the
resident photometric instrument of the Institut de Radio Astronomie
Millimetrique (IRAM) 30m telescope in Sierra Nevada (Spain). In this paper we
give an overview of the main components of NIKA2, and describe the achieved
detector performance. The camera has been permanently installed at the IRAM 30m
telescope in October 2015. It will be made accessible to the scientific
community at the end of 2016, after a one-year commissioning period. When this
happens, NIKA2 will become a fundamental tool for astronomers worldwide.Comment: Proceedings of the 16th Low Temperature Detectors workshop. To be
published in the Journal of Low Temperature Physics. 8 pages, 4 figures, 1
tabl
Prophylactic properties of a Leishmania-specific hypothetical protein in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis
In this work, the effect of vaccination of a newly described Leishmania infantum antigenic protein has been studied in BALB/c mice infected with this parasite species. The LiHyD protein was characterized after a proteomic screening performed with the sera from dogs suffering visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Its recombinant version was expressed, purified and administered to BALB/c mice in combination with saponin. As a result of vaccination and 10 weeks after challenge using an infective dose of L. infantum stationary promastigotes, vaccinated mice showed lower parasite burdens in different organs (liver, spleen, bone marrow and footpads' draining lymph nodes) than mice inoculated with the adjuvant alone or the vaccine diluent. Protected mice showed anti-Leishmania IgG2a antibodies and a predominant IL-12-driven IFN-γ production (mainly produced by CD4 T cells) against parasite proteins, whereas unprotected controls showed anti-Leishmania IgG1 antibodies and parasite-mediated IL-4 and IL-10 responses. Vaccinated mice showed an anti-LiHyD IgG2a humoral response, and their spleen cells were able to secrete LiHyD-specific IFN-γ, IL-12 and GM-CSF cytokines before and after infection. The protection was correlated with the Leishmania-specific production on nitric oxide. Altogether, the results indicate that the new LiHyD protein could be considered in vaccine formulations against VL.Instituto Nacional de Ci^encia e Tecnologia em Nano-biofarmac^eutica (INCT-NanoBiofar), FAPEMIG (CBB-APQ-00819-12 and CBB-APQ-01778-2014) and CNPq (APQ-482976/2012-8, APQ-488237/2013-0 and APQ-467640/2014-9). In addition, this study was partially funded by the Spanish grant from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad-FEDER (FIS PI14/00366 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III)Peer Reviewe
Magnetic anisotropy, first-order-like metamagnetic transitions and large negative magnetoresistance in the single crystal of GdPdSi
Electrical resistivity (), magnetoresistance (MR), magnetization,
thermopower and Hall effect measurements on the single crystal
GdPdSi, crystallizing in an AlB-derived hexagonal structure are
reported. The well-defined minimum in at a temperature above N\'eel
temperature (T= 21 K) and large negative MR below 3T, reported
earlier for the polycrystals, are reproducible even in single crystals. Such
features are generally uncharacteristic of Gd alloys. In addition, we also
found interesting features in other data, e.g., two-step first-order-like
metamagnetic transitions for the magnetic field along [0001] direction. The
alloy exhibits anisotropy in all these properties, though Gd is a S-state ion.Comment: RevTeX, 5 pages, 6 encapsulated postscript figures; scheduled to be
published in Phy. Rev. B (01 November 1999, B1
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