Three-stage publishing to support evidence-based management practice

[EN] A Spanish version of the article is provided (see section before annex).This article proposes a 4-step model for scientific dissemination that aims to promote evidence-based professional practice in Operations Management or Human Resource Management as well as research with a more transparent and reproducible process. These 4 steps include:1 social network announcements,2 dissemination to scientific journals, 3 dissemination to social networks, and 4 scientific dissemination to professional journals. Central to the 4-step model is a three-stage publication process within the second step, which adds an additional stage to the two previously proposed (Marin-Garcia, 2015). These three publication stages begin with a protocol paper, are followed by a data paper, and finish with a traditional article. Each stage promotes research with merit which is citable and recognizable as such before the scientific evaluation bodies. As two of these stages are largely unknown within the fields of Business and Management, I define the details of a protocol paper and a data paper including their contents. In addition, I provide examples of both papers as well as the other steps of the science dissemination model. This model can be adopted by researchers as a means of achieving greater impact and transfer of research results. This work intends to help researchers to understand, to evaluate, and to make better decisions about how their research reaches society at large outside of academia.In this way, WPOM aligns with the recommendations of several leading journals in the field of business management on the need to promote transparent, accessible, and replicable science (Beugelsdijk et al., 2020). WPOM goes one step further in compliance with this direction by having relevant journals that not only accept, but also actively encourage the publication of protocol papers and data papers. 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Actualmente, el debate sobre qué prácticas de recursos humanos se incluyen como prácticas de alta implicación de los operarios (High Involvement Work Practices) debería considerarse todavía abierto. En esta comunicación pretendemos hacer una revisión del marco teórico que nos permita identificar un conjunto de prácticas de alta implicación aceptado mayoritariamente y validar una propuesta de cuestionario que mida el grado de uso de las prácticas de alta implicación. La revisión teórica realizada nos ha permitido encontrar un conjunto de 27 prácticas relacionadas con la participación, comunicación, formación y compensación de los operarios y gestión del conocimiento. El análisis exploratorio de los datos nos permite presentar una agrupación alternativa de ítems en 7 escalas en lugar de las 5 que tradicionalmente se venían usando.At the moment, the debate about what human resources practices include as High Involvement Work Practices would have to be considered still open. In this communication we try to make a revision of the theoretical framework. This allows us to identify a set of practices mainly accepted as high involvement. We also validate a questionnaire proposal that measures the degree of use of these practices. The result of the theoretical revision has allowed us to find a set of 27 practices related to the participation, communication, training, compensation and management of the knowledge. The exploratory analysis of the data presents an alternative grouping of items in 7 scales instead of the traditional 5 ones.Peer Reviewe

Verification of the reflective model of first order factors for reward and empowerment constructs based on questionnaires derived from Lawler et al. (1991)

Purpose: High involvement practices have traditionally been classified in four main categories: training, communication, rewards and empowerment. In order to measure the degree of implementation of these programs, different questionnaires have been developed. In this paper, we have identified 3 types of questionnaires and we have deeply analyzed the psychometrical properties of one of these types: questionnaires derived from Lawler et al. (1991). The most recent investigation seems to show that psychometrical properties of both training and communication constructs are appropriate. However, it is necessary to work on rewards and empowerment scales. This research analyzes, by means of confirmatory factorial, two reflective measurement models, already present in the previous literature of rewards and empowerment scales. Design/methodology/approach: Spanish samples from 1997 (n=105), as well as United States ones (n=212 dating 1996 and n=143 dating 1999) have been used. Convergent and discriminant validity were tested. Findings and Originality/value: None of the models presents and acceptable adjustment in the used samples. Therefore, a possible future line of investigation in order to check whether the measurement model of rewards and empowerment constructs is formative instead of reflective, has been opened. Practical implications: Practitioners can profit from the results of this research because questionnaires validity will allow companies to have measurement and good practices diagnosis tools that can be used either for internal benchmarking or for the comparison with reference groups of companies. Originality/value: Our paper identifies three questionnaire typologies used in the field of investigations of rewards and empowerment practices. We show that the point of view with which the scales of theses questionnaires have been treated has always been reflective. Moreover, this is one of the few papers that have checked the validity of the measurement model of questionnaires derived from Lawler et al. (1991). It questions the validity of a single questionnaire with similar samples, of different years, and simultaneously, with samples from same years but from different countries.Peer Reviewe

Desarrollo y validación de un modelo multidimensional de la producción ajustada

In the last 30 years of research of lean manufacturing many different questionnaires was proposed to check the degree of the use of the concept. The set of the items used changed considerably from one investigation to another one. Until now isn’t appreciate a movement that converge towards the use, by the investigators, of a few instruments whose validity and reliability have been compared in different surroundings. In fact, the majority of investigations are based on ad-hoc questionnaires and a few of them present the questionnaire validation checking only the unidimensionality and -Cronbach. Nevertheless it seems to have a consensus in identifying 5 big constructs that compose the lean manufacturing (TQM, JIT, TPM, supply chain management and high-involvement). Our research has consisted of identifying and summarizing the models that have been published previously to add the items in constructs or sub-scales of constructs. Later we developed an integrating questionnaire, starting off of the items that appeared in previous investigations. Finally we realized the sub-scales and models validation through a confirmatory factorial analysis, using date of a sample of Spanish Sheltered Work Centre’s (N=128). Of all proposed models, the best an adjustment takes place with the first order model with 20 sub-scales. Our investigation contributes to an integrating vision of the published models and the lean manufacturing sub-scales validity and reliability verification raised by other investigators. Due to his confirming approach, it can serve as generalization of studies that had been realized in contexts with different samples to which we have used for the replication.En los últimos 30 años de investigación sobre producción ajustada se han propuesto deferentes cuestionarios para diagnosticar el grado de uso de este concepto. El conjunto de ítems empleado ha variado notablemente de una investigación a otra. No se aprecia todavía un movimiento que converja hacia la utilización, por parte de los investigadores, de unos pocos instrumentos cuya validez y fiabilidad se haya contrastado en diferentes entornos. De hecho, la mayoría de las investigaciones se basan en cuestionarios ad-hoc y pocas de ellas presentan una validación del cuestionario más allá de verificar la unidimensionalidad y el de Cronbach. Sin embargo, parece haber consenso en identificar 5 grandes constructos que componen la producción ajustada (gestión de la calidad, flujo interno de producción, mantenimiento, gestión de la cadena de suministro y la implicación de los operarios). Nuestro trabajo ha consistido en identificar y resumir los modelos de producción ajustada, identificando el modo en que agregan los ítems en constructos o sub-escalas de constructos. Posteriormente hemos desarrollado un cuestionario partiendo de los ítems que figuraban en los modelos publicados. Finalmente, hemos realizado la validación de sub-escalas y modelos mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio, usando datos de una muestra de Centros Especiales de Empleo españoles (N=128). De todos los modelosplanteados, el mejor ajuste se produce con el modelo de 20 sub-escalas de primer orden. Nuestro trabajo aporta una visión integradora comparando los modelos publicados previamente y la comprobando la validez y fiabilidad de las sub-escalas de producción ajustada planteadas por otros investigadores. Debido a su enfoque confirmatorio, puede servir de generalización de estudios que se habían realizado en contextos con muestras diferentes a las que nosotros hemos empleado para la replicación.Peer Reviewe

What do we know about rubrics used in higher education?

Castellano: Objeto: En este artículo comparamos las estrategias de búsqueda y los resultados de tres revisiones de literatura recientes sobre uso rúbricas en educación. Con todo ello pretendemos identificar qué se sabe, que no se sabe aún y si hay material para lanzar una nueva revisión de literatura en estos momentos. Diseño/metodología/enfoque: Análisis comparado de las tres revisiones de literatura reciente y búsqueda sistemática de literatura. Aportaciones y resultados: De los 142 artículos incluidos en las tres revisiones recientes, pocos se centran en docencia universitaria y los resultados no se presentan desagregados por niveles educativos. Consideramos que no existe una respuesta científica concluyente para cómo crear y validar una rúbrica para evaluación de asignaturas universitarias, ni para qué sirven las rúbricas, ni si vale la pena el esfuerzo de desarrollarlas. Las recomendaciones para el uso adecuado de rúbricas están basadas en evidencias anecdóticas sin una metodología robusta y contrastada. Tampoco es fácil localizar qué asignaturas, ni qué objetos, ni en qué contextos han sido objeto de investigación las rúbricas, ni qué rúbricas validadas hay disponibles para ellos. Originalidad / Valor añadido: Hemos realizado una nueva revisión y comparamos los artículos seleccionados con los utilizados en las revisiones anteriores. Hemos localizado 241 nuevos artículos no incluidos en las revisiones anteriores. Probablemente con todo este nuevo material se pueda realizar en el futuro algún meta-análisis.English: Purpose: In this paper we compare the search strategies and the results of three recent literature reviews on the rubrics use in education. With all this we aim to identify what is known, what it is not known yet and if there is material to launch a new literature review right now. Design/methodology: Comparative analysis of three recen literature reviews and systematic literature review. Findings: Of the 142 papers included in the three recent reviews, few focus on university learning and the results are not broken down by educational level. We believe that there is no conclusive scientific answer to how to create and validate an assessment rubric for university courses, or what purpose they serve , or if it's worth the effort to develop them. Recommendations for the appropriate use of rubrics are based on anecdotal evidence without robust and proven methodology. Nor is easy to find what subjects, or what objects, and in what contexts have been investigated the rubrics or which validated rubrics are available. Originality/value: We conducted a new review and we compare the selected papers with those used in previous reviews. We have located 142 new papers not included in previous reviews. Probably all this new material can be used in the future for a metaanalysis.Peer Reviewe

A low-luminosity type-1 QSO sample; III. Optical spectroscopic properties and activity classification

We report on the optical spectroscopic analysis of a sample of 99 low-luminosity quasi-stellar objects (LLQSOs) at $z\leq 0.06$ base the Hamburg/ESO QSO survey (HES). The LLQSOs presented here offer the possibility of studying the faint end of the QSO population at smaller cosmological distances and, therefore, in greater detail. A small number of our LLQSO present no broad component. Two sources show double broad components, whereas six comply with the classic NLS1 requirements. As expected in NLR of broad line AGNs, the [S{\sc{ii}}]$-$based electron density values range between 100 and 1000 N$_{e}$/cm$^{3}$. Using the optical characteristics of Populations A and B, we find that 50\% of our sources with H$\beta$ broad emission are consistent with the radio-quiet sources definition. The remaining sources could be interpreted as low-luminosity radio-loud quasar. The BPT-based classification renders an AGN/Seyfert activity between 50 to 60\%. For the remaining sources, the possible star burst contribution might control the LINER and HII classification. Finally, we discuss the aperture effect as responsible for the differences found between data sets, although variability in the BLR could play a significant role as well.Comment: 22 pages; 5 tables; 17 figures; in press with A&