Cavity-modified chemistry: towards vacuum-field catalysis

In the preceding chapters, electric field effects on chemical reactivity have been extensively discussed, focusing on STM setups and enzyme catalysis among many others. Here we will focus on a rather different and only recently explored approach to manipulate chemical reactions with electric fields. With the use of resonant cavity modes hosted in Fabry-Perot cavities for instance, as well as plasmonic modes, very recent investigations have shown modifications of chemical reactivity and dynamics, including thermal reactions and photochemistry, as well as manipulation of materials properties and nonadiabatic processes. All these works have given birth to a new field termed polaritonic chemistry due to the fact that in the so-called strong-coupling regime, polaritons become the new eigenstates of the system. These are hybrid states of light and matter that inherit properties from both constituents, providing new means to modify chemical phenomena. The aim of this chapter is two-fold: on one side provide a general background on confined light modes and strong coupling for the non-specialised reader, and on the other, review the recent achievements of the field, paying special attention to modifications in ground-state reactivity. To this end, the chapter is organized as follows. After an introduction to settle basic concepts, we review the most relevant experimental and theoretical work in which modified chemical reactivity has been reported and conclude with the challenges faced by the fieldThis work was funded by the European Research Council through Grant No. ERC-2016-StG-714870 and the Spanish Ministry for Science, Innovation, and Universities - Agencia Estatal de Investigación through Grant Nos. RTI2018-099737-B-I00, PCI2018-093145 (through the QuantERA program of the European Commission), and CEX2018-000805-M (through the María de Maeztu program for Units of Excellence in R&D

Multivariable fuzzy feedforward compensation

This work deals with some practical aspects of fuzzy PID controllers regarding multivariable non-linear feedforward compensation. This contribution concerns to the task of compensation for multivariable disturbances on the controlled variable. The strategy consist in establishing a fuzzy rule base for all disturbance variables and compensate the control variable by feedforward action by means of a fuzzy rule base properly adjuste

IMS signalling for multiparty services based on network level multicast

3rd EURO-NGI Conference on Next Generation Internet Networks. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 21-23 may 2007.The standardization process of the UMTS technology has led to the development of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). IMS provides a framework that supports the negotiation of the next generation multimedia services with QoS requirements that are envisioned for 3G networks. But even though many of these services involve the participation of multiple users in a multiparty arrangement, the delivery technology at network level is still unicast based. This approach is not optimum, in terms of transmission efficiency. In this paper, a new approach is presented proposing to use a network level multicast delivery technology for the multiparty services that are signalled through IMS. The main advantages and drawbacks related with this new approach are analyzed in the article. Finally, as a starting point in the development of the presented solution, a new SIP signalling dialogue is proposed allowing the negotiation of a generic multiparty service, and supporting at the same time the configuration of the corresponding network level multicast delivery service with QoS requirements that will be used in the user plane.Publicad

Enabling Layered Video Coding for IMS-Based IPTV Home Services

Nowadays IPTV services are gaining attention from both providers and end users. There is a large effort toward the integration of these services into emerging next-generation network architectures. In particular, one of the most relevant solutions is being proposed by ETSI-TISPAN and is based on the IP multimedia subsystem. This article focuses on introducing layered video coding into TISPAN IMS-based IPTV architecture, allowing cost-effective efficient solutions both for residential users and providers (e.g., flexible support of heterogeneous devices, live mosaics, adaptive video quality based on device and/or network capabilities). The advantages of using layered video coding in the TISPAN IPTV solution are analyzed and illustrated with a set of use cases. Furthermore, this solution has been integrated into a multimedia testbed in order to validate the presented proposal

Compensación de procesos con retardo bajo Foundation Fieldbus

[Resumen] En este artículo se describen los modos de compensación de lazos de control afectados de retardo puro utilizando las técnicas aplicables en arquitecturas Fundation Fieldbu

Virtual intelligent sensors on wide plant control applications: an approach

[Abstract] This paper describes a simple and reliable method to acquire information instantaneously on the basis of predictive computations of data acquired with significant time delay. The estimated value of any measured variable is the output of a virtual sensor implemented by means of a virtual engineering programming too

The organic air pollutant cumene hydroperoxide interferes with NOantioxidant role in rehydrating lichen

Organic pollutants effects on lichens have not been addressed. Rehydration is critical for lichens, a burst of free radicals involving NO occurs. Repeated dehydrations with organic pollutants could increase oxidative damage. Our aim is to learn the effects of cumene hydroperoxide (CP) during lichen rehydration using Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach., its photobiont Trebouxia spp. and Asterochloris erici. Confocal imaging shows intracellular ROS and NO production within myco and phycobionts, being the chloroplast the main source of free radicals. CP increases ROS, NO and lipid peroxidation and reduces chlorophyll autofluorescence, although photosynthesis remains unaffected. Concomitant NO inhibition provokes a generalized increase of ROS and a decrease in photosynthesis. Our results suggest that CP induces a ompensatory hormetic response in Ramalina farinacea that could reduce the lichen s antioxidant resources after repeated desiccation-rehydration cycles. NO is important in the protection from CP.This project was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science [project numbers CGL2012-40058-C02-01 and CGL2009-13429-C02-01], project Prometeo 2008/174 of the Generalitat Valenciana and the project AECID PCI/A/024755/09 of the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affaires.Catalá, M.; Gasulla Vidal, F.; Pradas Del Real, A.; García Breijo, FJ.; Reig Armiñana, J.; Barreno Rodriguez, E. (2013). The organic air pollutant cumene hydroperoxide interferes with NOantioxidant role in rehydrating lichen. Environmental Pollution. 179:277-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.015S27728417

Evaluating Extensions to IMS Session Setup for Multicast-based Many-to-Many Services

Telecommunication networks are converging towards an all-IP paradigm that integrates a broad set of value-added services. In this context, the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is being developed by the 3GPP as a key element to achieve the convergence. Additionally, multiparty services are nowadays acquiring an increasing interest from the industry. In this respect, network multicast provides a cost-effective solution to deliver these services to the user. Nevertheless, although network multicast is being considered as an enabler for one-to-many services (e.g. IPTV) in the IMS, the specifications for many-to-many services still follow a unicast approach (e.g. push-to-talk and conference). This paper describes extensions to the session control procedures in the IMS, to support multicast based multi-user services. The idea was first described in a prior work, but this paper presents enhancements to provide a comprehensive solution and to improve the grade of service (GOS) perceived by the users. In addition, the GOS achieved by the proposal is evaluated. First, the bandwidth utilization for the multicast-based multi-user services is analyzed and compared against the unicast scenario. Next, the GOS is evaluated using an analytical approach, by obtaining the mathematical expressions for the session and user plane setup delays. Finally, the GOS is also evaluated using an experimental approach, and the results are compared with values recommended by the ITU-T

Administración de recursos algorítmicos en dispositivos Foundation Fieldbus

[Resumen] En este artículo se revisan las pautas para administrar los recursos de Fundation Fieldbus (FF) en la implementación de algoritmos de control de cara al aprovechamiento óptimo de los dispositivos basados en (FF