Critical junctures : independence movements and democracy in Africa

We show that current levels of democracy in Africa are linked to the nature of its independence movements. Using different measures of political regimes and historical data on anti-colonial movements, we find that countries that experienced rural insurgencies tend to have autocratic regimes, while those that faced urban protests tend to have more democratic institutions. We provide evidence for causality in this relationship by using rough terrain as an instrument for rural insurgency, and by performing a sensitivity analysis. Finally, the evidence suggests that the adoption of rural insurgency perpetuated the use of violence as a form of conflict resolution

Papel del óptico optometrista en la detección precoz de las patologías asociadas a la mácula

La retina es una lámina delgada, semitransparente y con múltiples capas de tejido neural que cubre la cara interna de dos tercios de la pared posterior del globo ocular. La mácula corresponde al área central de la retina, de color amarillento por su contenido en pigmento xantófilo, que actúa como filtro para la radiación ultravioleta, y constituye el área de máxima agudeza visual o resolución, debido a su elevada concentración de conos y a la ausencia de vasos retinianos. Cualquier patología en esta zona, supone una pérdida de las habilidades visuales presentando una sintomatología común que se conoce como síndrome macular. En el presente TFG, se pretende estudiar cómo varían las diferentes habilidades visuales en las cuatro patologías maculares más frecuente (Degeneración Macular Asociada a la Edad, Coriorretinopatía Serosa Central, Agujero Macular, Membrana Epirretiniana), así como estudiar su correlación con la densidad de pigmento macular, aspecto importante para la protección de la mácula. Esta información nos servirá de orientación sobre la posible patología en base a la sintomatología presentada por el pacienteUniversidad de Sevilla. Grado en Óptica y Optometrí

Las auditorías de Relaciones Públicas, de Joan Cuenca Fontbona

Las auditorías de Relaciones Públicas es una obra exhaustiva y académica de Joan Cuenca Fontbona, Doctor en Comunicación y profesor del Grado en Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas - entre otras muchas ocupaciones, ligadas todas a la Comunicación y la investigación-, en la que se hace un profundo repaso a las técnicas en Relaciones Públicas recogidas a lo largo de la historia de la profesión; desde los principios conscientes de la misma, cuando empezaba a hablarse de términos como Publicity y Press Agent, hasta las más modernas técnicas y disciplinas relacionadas con las Relaciones Públicas

Biomasa del zooplancton en el Embalse las Canoas

La biomasa (peso-seco) del zooplancton del Embalse Las Canoas fue estudiada. Se muestreo desde febrero 1992 a Enero 1993 en 5 estaciones para determinar variación estacional entre la época seca y la lluviosa. Además, se consideró el comportamiento mensual de los cambios en la biomasa del zooplancton para una de las estaciones Los resultados muestran que la biomasa de los tres grandes grupos del zooplancton varía estacionalmente: época seca (copépodos: 24%, Cladóceros 45% y Rotíferos 28%), época lluviosa (Copépodos 45%, Cladóceros 42% y Rotíferos 13%). Los tres grupos representantes del zooplancton muestran variación mensual ascendente, con promedios anuales de 38%, 37% y 28% que corresponden a los Cladóceros, Copépodos y Rotíferos respectivamente

On Charge Quantization and Abelian Gauge Horizontal Symmetries

Under the assumption that there exists a local gauge horizontal symmetry $G_H$ wich allows only for a top quark mass at tree level, we look for the constraints that charge quatization and the family structure of the standard model imposes on that symmetry.Comment: 13 pages, LaTeX, Acepted in Physics Letters

Quark masses without Yukawa hierarchies

A model based on the local gauge group SU(3)_c x SU(3)_L x U(1)_X without particles with exotic electric charges is shown to be able to provide the quark mass spectrum and their mixing, by means of universal see-saw mechanisms, avoiding a hierarchy in the Yukawa coupling constants.Comment: 7 pages, 1 eps figure. Published in Europhysics Letter

A Model-Driven Approach for Business Process Management

The Business Process Management is a common mechanism recommended by a high number of standards for the management of companies and organizations. In software companies this practice is every day more accepted and companies have to assume it, if they want to be competitive. However, the effective definition of these processes and mainly their maintenance and execution are not always easy tasks. This paper presents an approach based on the Model-Driven paradigm for Business Process Management in software companies. This solution offers a suitable mechanism that was implemented successfully in different companies with a tool case named NDTQ-Framework.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2010-20057-C03-02Junta de Andalucía TIC-578

Professional profile of graduates with a degree in physical activity and sports science in Spain

The new job opportunities that resulted from the growth of the sports industry, due to the impact of sports on society and the increase of sports practice, along with the concern about the influence of such practice on health, have led experts in this field to demand the professionalization of the sector. Thereby, a regulatory development is being carried out, which, although at the regional level, recognises the professions of sports, determining the official academic titles or professional qualifications required for the professional practice and assigning to each profession its corresponding functional scope. Despite the fact that the affiliation rate of the Professional Association of Graduates in Physical Activity and Sports Science does not exceed 15% of the university graduates in Spain, such rate has increased in the last years. As an example, in Andalusia, the number of members has doubled in the last four years. This increase in affiliation may be a reflection of the professionalization process that the sports sector has been experiencing. The aim of this study was to determine the professional profile of graduates with a university degree in Physical Activity and Sports Science. As the main results, there continues to be a higher percentage of men who opt to take these courses, most of them have complementary training/education and there is a high percentage of multiple employment, that is, they combine more than one job, although teaching is still the most popular profession of choice. However, the percentage of graduates who choose teaching as a career is decreasing, which could be due to the diversification of the sector and of the sports professions