8,511 research outputs found
Wealth and inequality gradients for the detection and control of hypertension in older individuals in middle-income economies around 2007-2015
Socioeconomic inequalities in the detection and treatment of non-communicable diseases represent a challenge for healthcare systems in middle-income countries (MICs) in the context of population ageing. This challenge is particularly pressing regarding hypertension due to its increasing prevalence among older individuals in MICs, especially among those with lower socioeconomic status (SES). Using comparative data for China, Colombia, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa, we systematically assess the association between SES, measured in the form of a wealth index, and hypertension detection and control around the years 2007-15. Furthermore, we determine what observable factors, such as socio-demographic and health characteristics, explain existing SES-related inequalities in hypertension detection and control using a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition. Results show that the prevalence of undetected hypertension is significantly associated with lower SES. For uncontrolled hypertension, there is evidence of a significant gradient in three of the six countries at the time the data were collected. Differences between rural and urban areas as well as lower and higher educated individuals account for the largest proportion of SES-inequalities in hypertension detection and control at the time. Improved access to primary healthcare in MICs since then may have contributed to a reduction in health inequalities in detection and treatment of hypertension. However, whether this indeed has been the case remains to be investigated
Mean field study of structural changes in Pt isotopes with the Gogny interaction
The evolution of the nuclear shapes along the triaxial landscape is studied
in the Pt isotopic chain using the selfconsistent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov
approximation based on the Gogny interaction. In addition to the
parametrization D1S, the new incarnations D1N and D1M of this force are also
included in our analysis to asses to which extent the predictions are
independent of details of the effective interaction. The considered range of
neutron numbers 88<N<26 includes prolate, triaxial, oblate and spherical ground
state shapes and serves for a detailed comparison of the predictions obtained
with the new sets D1N and D1M against the ones provided by the standard
parametrization Gogny-D1S in a region of the nuclear landscape for which
experimental and theoretical fingerprints of shape transitions have been found.
Structural evolution along the Pt chain is discussed in terms of the
deformation dependence of single particle energies.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Implications of plant material origin, land use history and soil properties in the incidence of verticillium wilt in olive groves
8 páginas, 2 figuras, 1 tabla.The increased presence of Verticillium wilt (Verticillium
dahliae Kleb.) in olive groves is often related to the
use of infected propagation material and to the planting
of new olive trees in contaminated soils. This study assessed
the implications of plant propagation, land-use
history and soil properties on disease prevalence in
southern Spain, the most important olive-growing area
worldwide. To this purpose, a large-scale sampling survey
was carried out in this area, V. dahliae pathotypes
were identified by PCR, and GIS was used to analyze
soil properties and cropland-use history. Finally, multiple
correspondence analysis was performed to show the
statistical association between the variables taken into
account. Results strongly indicated the potential risk of
planting olive in valleys with irrigated cropland history,
especially those that had hosted herbaceous crops, highlighted
the importance of using pathogen-free certified
planting material as a key component for a successful
disease management, and confirmed the role played by
saline, alkaline, and steep-slope soils in enhancing V.
dahliae prevalence.The research was supported by Caja Rural Foundation.Peer reviewe
A three-dimensional view of the remnant of Nova Persei 1901 (GK Per)
We present a kinematical study of the optical ejecta of GK Per. It is based
on proper motions measurements of 282 knots from ~20 images spanning 25 years.
Doppler-shifts are also computed for 217 knots. The combination of proper
motions and radial velocities allows a unique 3-D view of the ejecta to be
obtained. The main results are: (1) the outflow is a thick shell in which knots
expand with a significant range of velocities, mostly between 600 and 1000
km/s; (2) kinematical ages indicate that knots have suffered only a modest
deceleration since their ejection a century ago; (3) no evidence for anisotropy
in the expansion rate is found; (4) velocity vectors are generally aligned
along the radial direction but a symmetric pattern of non-radial velocities is
also observed at specific directions; (5) the total Halpha+[NII] flux has been
linearly decreasing at a rate of 2.6 % per year in the last decade. The Eastern
nebular side is fading at a slower rate than the Western one. Some of the knots
displayed a rapid change of brightness during the 2004-2011 period. Over a
longer timescale, a progressive circularization and homogenization of the
nebula is taking place; (6) a kinematic distance of 400+-30 pc is determined.
These results raise some problems to the previous interpretations of the
evolution of GK Per. In particular, the idea of a strong interaction of the
outflow with the surrounding medium in the Southwest quadrant is not supported
by our data.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (19 pages, 17
figures). Higher resolution version of this article (2.5 MB) is available at
http://www.aai.ee/~sinope/ApJ89291_liimets.pd
Digital models of stone samples for didactical purposes
This paper presents a v irtual methodology based on the generation of virtual models of stones in the context of the virtual laboratories for the acquisition and evaluation of competences in stones identification. The generation of the models is carried out using a procedure based on close-range photogrammetry that allows to obtain a scaled mesh models with radiometric information and low file weight. The proposed methodology has been designed ad-hoc following the economy, quality and reality criteria to ensure a good adequacy, guaranteeing an adequate adaptation to the teaching-learning process and the integration of the models into working packages, which can be easily integrated in earning management system (LMS) platforms. The generated 3D models have a high level of detail and enable the interaction to take measurements, make cross sections and use specific tools that allow the student to perform a thorough analysis and identification of the stone using free/open source software.- (undefined
Inestabilidad de laderas en el Valle del Meredal (Asturias, NO de España)
[Resumen] En el valle del Meredal se han identificado 64 movimientos en masa que incluyenmovimientos complejos, deslizamientos rotacionales, flujos y avalanchas rocosas, cuyo desarrollo está condicionado por el diferente comportamiento mecánico de los materiales del sustrato. La aplicación de distintos criterios de cronología relativa basados en el grado de superposición y conservación de las formas ha permitido diferenciar cinco clases de movimientos en masa en cuanto a su edad. Desde el punto de vista regional, la incisión de la red fluvial asociada a los cambios climáticos cuaternarios y a la elevación del margen cantábrico parece ser el factor determinante del origen de esta dinámica.[Abstract] In the Meredal valley 64 landslides, including complex movements, rock slumps,flows and rock avalanches have been identified. The development of these landslides is conditioned by the mechanical behaviour of the different bedrock lithologies. Five chronological classes of movements have been established by applying several relative chronology criteria, as superposition and preservation degree of the landslides. From the regional point of view, fluvial drainage incision linked to quaternary climate changes and to the uplift of the cantabrian margin seems to be determinant in the origin of this dynamics
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