Scientific evidence on the use of biomaterials in closed sinus augmentation

La hiperneumatización del seno y reabsorción de la cresta alveolar en maxilar posterior tras la pérdida dentaria; hace necesario la necesidad de usar técnicas de regeneración para la colocación de implantes dentales en estas áreas, debido a la baja disponibilidad ósea. La técnica más usada y documentada hasta hace unos años era la técnica de elevación de suelo de seno de Tatum mediante ventana lateral. En 1994, Summers propuso una técnica menos invasiva a través de un acceso transcrestal usando un instrumento denominado osteotomo, seguido de la colocación del implante en la misma cirugía. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la técnica de Summer y los beneficios e inconvenientes encontrados con el uso de material de injerto en dicha técnica.Sinus hyperpneumatization and resorption of the alveolar crest in the posterior maxilla after tooth loss, it makes necessary the need to use regeneration techniques for the placement of dental implants in these areas, due to the low bone availability. The most widely used and documented technique until a few years ago was the Tatum sinus floor elevation technique using a side window. In 1994, Summers proposed a less invasive technique through a transcrestal approach using an instrument called an osteotome, followed by implant placement in the same surgery. The objective of this study is to analyze the Summer technique and the benefits and drawbacks found with the use of graft material in this technique.Universidad de Sevilla. Máster en odontología médico-quirúrgica e integra

The role of parenting styles on behavior problem profiles of adolescents

Parental behavior is one of the most influential factors on the development of adolescent externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. These behavioral problems are closely related and often co-occur. The objectives of this work were: (i) to identify adolescents profiles according to their behavior problems; (ii) to explore individual, family, and social characteristics associated with these profiles; and (iii) to analyze the potential role of parenting styles in belonging to adolescents’ profiles. A total of 449 Spanish adolescents (223 from families declared at-risk and enrolled in Child Welfare Services and 226 from families from the general population) participated in this study. The analyses revealed three profiles of adolescents based on external and internal behavior problems (adjusted, external maladjustment, and internal maladjustment). Parenting styles explained the adolescents’ belonging to different profiles, in which the indulgent style was the most favorable in general terms. The distinctive role of parenting styles on two types of maladjustment profiles was confirmed. The relationship between parenting styles and adolescent adjustment is a key component that should be included in interventions according to adolescents’ behavior problem profiles. Furthermore, the results shed light on the need that family interventions are complemented with individualized interventions with adolescents that accumulate stressful life events.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad EDU2013-41441-

Diseño de investigación para evaluar y proponer mejora para el sistema de gestión de calidad utilizando metodología DMAIC en una corredora de seguros.

Propone y evalúa la mejora en el sistema de gestión de calidad de una corredora de seguros utilizando la metodología DMAIC. Esto con la finalidad de mantener y mejorar el desempeño del sistema dentro de la organización

Cochleates derived from Vibrio cholerae O1 proteoliposomes : The impact of structure transformation on mucosal immunisation

Cochleates are phospholipid-calcium precipitates derived from the interaction of anionic lipid vesicles with divalent cations. Proteoliposomes from bacteria may also be used as a source of negatively charged components, to induce calcium-cochleate formation. In this study, proteoliposomes from V. cholerae O1 (PLc) (sized 160.7±1.6 nm) were transformed into larger (16.3±4.6 µm) cochleate-like structures (named Adjuvant Finlay Cochleate 2, AFCo2) and evaluated by electron microscopy (EM). Measurements from transmission EM (TEM) showed the structures had a similar size to that previously reported using light microscopy, while observations from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the structures were multilayered and of cochleate-like formation. The edges of the AFCo2 structures appeared to have spaces that allowed penetration of negative stain or Ovalbumin labeled with Texas Red (OVA-TR) observed by epi-fluorescence microscopy. In addition, freeze fracture electron microscopy confirmed that the AFCo2 structures consisted of multiple overlapping layers, which corresponds to previous descriptions of cochleates. TEM also showed that small vesicles co-existed with the larger cochleate structures, and in vitro treatment with a calcium chelator caused the AFCo2 to unfold and reassemble into small proteoliposome-like structures. Using OVA as a model antigen, we demonstrated the potential loading capacity of a heterologous antigen and in vivo studies showed that with simple admixing and administration via intragastric and intranasal routes AFCo2 provided enhanced adjuvant properties compared with PLc

Circulating myokines IL-6, IL-15 and FGF21 response to training is altered by exercise type but not by menopause in women with obesity

24 p.Objective: To examine the effects of a time-matched endurance versus concurrent training on circulating IL-6, IL-13, IL-15, IL-15Ra, FGF21 levels in postmenopausal women with obesity, and to determine these myokines response to endurance training pre- and postmenopause. Methods: Thirty-five sedentary postmenopausal women with obesity were randomly divided into endurance training (EN1, N=10), concurrent training (CON, N=13) or no training group (CT, N=12). Additionally, twelve sedentary premenopausal women with obesity were added to an endurance training group (EN2, N=12). Participants took part in a 12-week supervised intervention, performing 3 sessions/week of 60 min/session. Before and after the interventions, body composition and fitness were assessed, and blood samples obtained to measure serum myokines levels. Results: Total fat mass decreased in all exercised groups (CON,-5.2%; EN1,-5.3%; EN2,-5.6%). In postmenopausal women, serum IL-6, IL-15 and IL-15Ra decreased after training (P<0.01), finding a pronounced reduction in IL-6 (-42% vs. -16%) and IL-15 (- 50% vs. -31%) when comparing EN1 to CON (P<0.05). Serum FGF21 was only reduced in the EN1 (-27%; P=0.012). While EN1 and EN2 comparison, reported differences for IL-15R? concentration (-28% vs. -40%; P=0.023). Finally, in EN2, the delta change of fat mass and IL-6, IL-15 and IL-15R? were associated (r=0.605; r=0.546; r=0.515; P<0.05). IL-13 showed undetected concentrations. Conclusions: Circulating IL-6, IL-15 and FGF21 response to training is altered by exercise type but not by menopause in women with obesity. Endurance training promotes a higher reduction of these myokines, potentially activating their intricate immune and fat mass regulation roles in postmenopausal women with obesity.Universidad de Alcal

年轻人的在线（Onlife）生活。关于年轻人对电子屏幕的使用和行为研究

Las pantallas se han convertido en la nueva forma de comunicación y autoexpresión de la mayoría de los jóvenes. Cada vez más las formas de relacionarse, de entretenerse, e incluso de desconectar, quedan atravesadas por la hiperconectividad que entrañan estos dispositivos tecnológicos. Con el objetivo de conocer el perfil de uso, comportamientos y riesgos en relación con el uso de las pantallas de los jóvenes españoles se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo cuantitativo en el que participaron un total de 2066 jóvenes españoles entre los 12 y los 18 años. Para ello se utilizó un cuestionario diseñado y validado para esta investigación. Los datos se analizaron mediante la aplicación de pruebas estadísticas de tipo descriptivo e inferencial. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que los jóvenes utilizan el smartphone principalmente en su tiempo de ocio para comunicarse y relacionarse a través de redes sociales, preferentemente de WhatsApp o Instagram. Conforme van creciendo los jóvenes pasan más tiempo conectados y comparten más información personal. En este sentido se precisa de una pedagogía encaminada a atender los procesos afectivos, relacionales y comunicacionales de la juventud que les permita gestionar de forma adecuada su exposición en las redes sociales.The internet has become the main vehicle of communication and self-expression for most young people. Forms of interacting, entertaining oneself and even disconnecting are being increasingly influenced by the hyperconnectivity that these technological devices entail. A quantitative study was conducted to explore the user profile, behaviour and risks involved in screentime in a sample of 2066 Spanish adolescents aged between 12 and 18. A bespoke validated questionnaire was used. Data were analysed via descriptive and inferential statistics. Outcomes reveal that adolescents use their smartphones during leisure time mainly to communicate and interact via social networks, specifically, WhatsApp and Instagram. As adolescents grow older, they spend more time online and share more personal information. There is, therefore, a need for an educational approach aimed at attending to young people’s affective, relational and communicational processes to enable them to suitably handle their exposure on social networks.Os ecrãs tornaram-se a nova forma de comunicação e autoexpressão para a maioria dos jovens. Cada vez mais, as formas de socializar, de se divertir, e inclusive de se desconectar, são afetadas pela hiperconectividade que estes dispositivos tecnológicos representam. Foi realizado um estudo do tipo quantitativo com o objetivo de conhecer o perfil de utilização, os comportamentos e riscos em relação à utilização de ecrãs pelos jovens espanhóis, no qual participou um total de 2066 jovens espanhóis entre os 12 e 18 anos. Para isso, utilizou-se um questionário concebido e validado para esta investigação. Os dados foram analisados mediante a aplicação de testes estatísticos do tipo descritivo e inferencial. Os resultados revelam que os jovens utilizam o smartphone principalmente nos seus tempos livres para comunicar e socializar através de redes sociais, de preferência, pelo WhatsApp ou Instagram. À medida que os jovens vão crescendo, passam mais tempo ligados e partilham mais informação pessoal. Neste sentido, é necessária uma pedagogia que vise abordar os processos afetivos, relacionais e comunicacionais dos jovens que lhes permita gerir adequadamente a sua exposição nas redes sociais.Os ecrãs tornaram-se a nova forma de comunicação e autoexpressão para a maioria dos jovens. Cada vez mais, as formas de socializar, de se divertir, e inclusive de se desconectar, são afetadas pela hiperconectividade que estes dispositivos tecnológicos representam. Foi realizado um estudo do tipo quantitativo com o objetivo de conhecer o perfil de utilização, os comportamentos e riscos em relação à utilização de ecrãs pelos jovens espanhóis, no qual participou um total de 2066 jovens espanhóis entre os 12 e 18 anos. Para isso, utilizou-se um questionário concebido e validado para esta investigação. Os dados foram analisados mediante a aplicação de testes estatísticos do tipo descritivo e inferencial. Os resultados revelam que os jovens utilizam o smartphone principalmente nos seus tempos livres para comunicar e socializar através de redes sociais, de preferência, pelo WhatsApp ou Instagram. À medida que os jovens vão crescendo, passam mais tempo ligados e partilham mais informação pessoal. Neste sentido, é necessária uma pedagogia que vise abordar os processos afetivos, relacionais e comunicacionais dos jovens que lhes permita gerir adequadamente a sua exposição nas redes sociais.电子屏幕已经成为了大部分年轻人沟通和自我表达的新方式。这些电子仪器所提供的过度连接越来越影响到我们的交往、娱乐甚至脱离的方式。为了了解西班牙青年对电子屏幕的使用、行为以及行为危险等情况，我们对2066名年龄在12至18岁间的西班牙青年进行了一项定量研究。我们使用了为该研究设计并验证的问卷。通过描述性和推断性统计证据来对数据进行分析。分析结果显示年轻人主要在空闲时间使用智能手机，他们使用智能手机的主要目的是通过社交网络（较为突出的为WhatsApp和Instagram）来沟通和交往。年轻人的在线时间逐渐变长，分享的个人信息也越来越多。因此在这方面，研究认为应该提出并实施新的教学法，辅助年轻人的情感、关系及沟通过程，从而帮助他们合理地规划投入到社交网络上的时间

Fases de implementación de Blended Learning en las universidades españolas. Estudio basado en análisis de segmentación

[ES] El objetivo principal de este estudio es conocer y describir las fases de adopción de la modalidad formativa denominada Blended Learning (Blearning). Se aplicó una encuesta a 980 profesores de universidades públicas de todo el estado español. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante técnicas de clustering para la agrupación de los sujetos (análisis de segmentación mediante el algoritmo CHAID). Los resultados ofrecen claves para comprender por qué los docentes universitarios adoptan o no esta modalidad de enseñanza, identificando perfiles o rasgos que caracterizan cada uno de los subgrupos agrupados en cada una de las fases de adopción (tomadas como variables criterio), en función de una serie de características personales y profesionales (Sexo, Edad; Categoría profesional, Área de conocimiento, Experiencia docente, Actitud hacia Blearning, Nivel de Autoeficacia), y variables contextuales relacionadas con formación recibida sobre Blended Learning en la universidad. Todas ellas variables predictoras. De manera indirecta, este conocimiento sobre las fases de adopción puede aportar información sobre el estadio de difusión institucional de la metodología B-learning en el conjunto de la universidad española