Aplicaciones en la enseñanza de Física y Química

El presente trabajo se presenta para optar al título que acredita la Formación del Profesorado de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria, Bachillerato y Formación Profesional, y recoge de alguna manera todo lo que engloba el Master. Consta de tres partes bien diferenciadas. En primer lugar, se describen las aportaciones del Master tanto en lo que se refiere a la parte de materias teóricas, llevadas a cabo en la Universidad, como en la parte práctica, desarrollada en un Instituto de Educación Secundaria. En esta parte, se valora la contribución general del Master a la formación como profesores de secundaria. A continuación, se plantea una posible Programación Docente para la asignatura de Física y Química de Primero de Bachillerato, acorde a lo establecido en el Currículo del Principado de Asturias y cumpliendo con las Leyes Educativas vigentes. Finalmente, se propone un Proyecto de Innovación Educativa en el que se persigue la alfabetización digital del alumnado a través del uso educativo del smartphone y sus aplicaciones. Con este proyecto se pretende que el alumnado sea capaz de hacer uso de las muchas utilidades que presentan estos dispositivos, las cuales irán en aumento en los próximos años

A case study on the application of environmental flow methods in the wetlands of the Eastern Caprivi, Namibia

[EN] This Master Thesis arises after six months working on the Institute für Wasserwirtschaft, Hydrologie und landwirtschaftlichen Wasserbau (Hannover, Germany) under the supervision of Dipl.-Hydrol. Matthias Beyer. It is enclosed in the context of the CERPA project which focuses on the evaluation of new market-based instruments for biodiversity conservation and their socio-economic implications, using the example of wetlands in Sub-Sahara Africa . Ecosystems and biodiversity provide a wide range of goods and services. There is a need for effective instruments to protect them from destruction and deterioration. The designation of areas as `environmentally protected¿ is widely used and there exist different kinds of management systems. Among those is the concept of Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES). An ecosystem service is the general name for goods and services provided by ecosystems; benefits which are provided ¿for free¿ and do not normally carry a monetary value. The idea of PES is to encourage the conservation and sustainable use of ecosystems, by offering incentives to farmers and landowners in exchange for the responsible management of their land, to ensure the preservation of the ecosystem services. Under this framework the Eastern Caprivi (Namibia) was chosen by the CERPA research team as a pilot area because of its special location and its hydrological and ecological characteristics. The goal of the CERPA research project is to evaluate the practicability of international markets for protected area certificates, hence to investigate innovative combinations of ¿protected area approaches¿ and ¿Payment for Ecosystem (PES) approaches¿. To achieve the objective is pursued to establish a management plan based on detail knowledge of the natural resources and the socio-economic aspect. In this Master Thesis, the characterization of the Caprivi subbasin and its hydrological characteristic are exposed as first step. An analysis of the Zambezi River at Katima Mulilo gauging site was performed, showing its variability during the wet and dry seasons. Secondly, mulapos (local name for lentic water bodies in the floodplain) were determined by the use of remote sensing techniques and Geographic information System (GIS). For this purpose, a satellite image (Landsat 5) of May 2008 was used and its mndwi index (for superficial water bodies) mapped. The month of May was chosen because it corresponds to the end of the wet season; rains have stopped and the remaining water indicates the lower areas where the mulapos are. The year 2008 was chosen because it was a very wet year. Once the mulapos were determined, the water volume that remains in the floodplain was calculated. Besides, the floodplain was divided into 12 sectors, due to its huge extension, and the frequencies of flooding in each of them were determined by the use of satellites images for the month of April each year, from 2000 to 2011. This information, together with the volume calculated, was used to compare the occurrence of flooding in the different polygons over time. Finally, different methods were used to calculate the environmental flow in the Zambezi River at the Katima Mulilo gauging station. The Tennant Method and the Percentile 90 and 95 are the statistical methods chosen to establish a minimum flow to protect biodiversity and encourage the permanence of the mulapos in the floodplain. The literature about these topics in the Zambezi River Basin is very limited; a deeper study about its flow requirements and the characterization of the mulapos as characteristic features in the floodplain would be of great interest to preserve its biodiversity. This Master Thesis is intended to be as a first step concerning with future research in order to design a complete management plan of the river basin[ES] En segundo lugar, en la llanura de inundación se determinan los mulapos existentes, siendo éstos los cuerpos de agua inundados periódicamente durante la estación húmeda. Para ello se utilizaron técnicas de teledetección y Sistemas de Información Geográfica (GIS). Se utilizó una imagen satelital (Landsat 5) perteneciente al mes de mayo de 2008, a partir de la cual se calcula su correspondiente índice mndwi (que indica las masas de agua superficial). El mes de mayo fue elegido por coincidir con el final de la estación húmeda (existen dos estaciones bien diferenciadas, estación húmeda de enero a junio, y estación seca de julio a diciembre); las lluvias han terminado y el agua que queda en la llanura de inundación corresponde con las zonas más bajas en las que se encuentran los mulapos. El año 2008 se eligió por ser muy húmedo. Una vez determinados los mulapos, se calculó el volumen de agua superficial en la llanura de inundación. Ésta fue dividida en 12 sectores, debido a su enorme extensión (en un GIS mediante un ¿standar watershed delineation¿ sobre el modelo digital de elevación), y la frecuencia de inundación de cada uno de ellos ha sido evaluada mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales correspondientes al mes de abril de cada uno de los años, entre 2000 y 2011. Esta información, junto con el volumen de agua calculado, ha sido utilizada para comparar la frecuencia de inundación en cada uno de los polígonos a lo largo de estos años. Finalmente, se ha calculado el caudal ecológico mínimo del río Zambezi en la estación de aforo de Katima Mulilo por varios métodos. Para ello, el método de Tennant y el cálculo del percentil 90 y 95 han sido elegidos como los métodos estadísticos utilizados para el cálculo del mínimo caudal necesario para la protección de la biodiversidad existente en la zona, así como para garantizar la aparición estacional de los mulapos. Esta tesina final de Máster pretende ser un primer paso hacia el estudio de los caudales ecológicos en el río Zambezi y la determinación y el estudio de la importancia de los mulapos en la llanura de inundación de la región de Caprivi. Existe poca información y poco estudios hechos en esta concreta zona, y, considerando su elevada importancia ecológica y ambiental, resulta fundamental impulsar y promover estudios que pongan de manifiesto la importancia de su protección, diseñando un plan de gestión adecuado para la cuenca del ríoGarcía López, L. (2013). A case study on the application of environmental flow methods in the wetlands of the Eastern Caprivi, Namibia. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/39150Archivo delegad

School nurse: mental health education and promotion

RESUMEN: La prevalencia de los trastornos mentales como la ansiedad y depresión entre los jóvenes ha ido en aumento en los últimos años. Estos trastornos son grandes incapacitantes y pueden llegar a poner en peligro el futuro académico y social de los niños y adolescentes, por lo que intervenir para su prevención es de gran importancia. Los jóvenes construyen gran parte de sus cimientos en torno al sistema educativo, ya que pasan mucho tiempo en el colegio o instituto, donde crean vínculos y se genera una intensa actividad social, por lo que las intervenciones llevadas a cabo en este ámbito serían las más convenientes. Por otra parte, y en cuanto a ciencias de la salud, Enfermería es la promotora de la educación, promoción y prevención, por lo que es la más adecuada a través del papel de la Enfermera Escolar. La intervención va destinada a educar en salud sobre los trastornos mentales más habituales en niños y adolescentes, a prevenir el bullying, mejorar el compañerismo en el aula y promover hábitos como la relajación para disminuir la ansiedad. De esta manera se espera que el estigma y la prevalencia de enfermedades mentales disminuyan entre los jóvenesABSTRACT: The prevalence of mental disorders such as anxiety and depression among young people has been increasing in recent years. These disorders are highly disabling and can endanger the academic and social future of children and adolescents, so intervening for their prevention is of great importance. Young people build a large part of their foundations around the educational system, since they spend a lot of time in school or high school, where they create links and intense social activity is generated, so the interventions carried out in this area would be the most convenient. On the other hand, and in terms of health sciences, Nursing is the promoter of education, promotion and prevention, so it is the most appropriate through the role of the School Nurse. The intervention is intended to educate in health about the most common mental disorders in children and adolescents, to prevent bullying, improve companionship in the classroom and promote habits such as relaxation to reduce anxiety. In this way, the stigma and prevalence of mental illness are expected to decrease among young peopleGrado en Enfermerí

Análisis de la incidencia de la Reforma al Sector de Seguridad en el proceso de Desarme, Desmovilización y Reintegración en la República Democrática del Congo (2003 - 2009)

El continente africano ha sido por excelencia analizado por los estudios de seguridad, con el fin de comprender la naturaleza de los conflictos que han tenido lugar en el territorio y poder ofrecer a través de diversas estrategias, posibles soluciones para el no retorno al conflicto por parte de los grupos armados. Por esta razón, a partir de la década de los noventa surge la puesta en marcha de programas y reformas como la Desmovilización, el Desarme y la Reintegración (DDR) dentro de una Reforma al Sector de la Seguridad (RSS). En el caso de la República Democrática del Congo, luego de numerosos conflictos e intervenciones por parte de diferentes actores, se plantea llevar a cabo un programa de DDR en el marco de una RSS especialmente dirigido a las Fuerzas Armadas. En este sentido, esta monografía analiza la incidencia de la RSS sobre el programa de DDR, con el fin de vislumbrar los retos que se presentan dentro de un contexto de conflicto complejo como el de la RDC.The African continent has been analyzed by security studies in order to understand the nature of the conflicts that have taken place in this territory and also to avoid to returning to a state of violent conflict by means of providing a variety of possible solutions. For these reasons, in the nineties, it started the implementation of programs and reforms such as the Demobilization, Disarmament and Reintegration (DDR) program within a Security Sector Reform (SSR). Particularly, for the Democratic Republic of Congo, after several violent conflicts and the interventions made by different actors, a DDR program was implemented as part of a SSR specifically addressed to the Armed Forces. Therefore, this investigation examines the impact of SSR on the DDR program in order to glimpse the challenges that it presented within a complex context of conflict such as DRC’s

Plan estratégico para Google Inc. Inc. 2015-2017

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo elaborar un planeamiento estratégico orientado al aprovechamiento de nuevas oportunidades de crecimiento sostenido para Google Inc. Se presenta, además, una propuesta estratégica hasta el año 2017, con el fin de identificar las principales acciones que Google Inc. debería considerar para estar preparado ante el posible impacto dentro de esta industria tan cambiante. El alcance de la investigación es de tipo descriptivo y llega hasta la formulación de las actividades a nivel funcional, proponiendo su posterior implementación, considerando la información oficial a diciembre del 2014. La principal limitación de esta investigación fue la obtención de cierto tipo de información relevante y puntual de Google Inc. en los detalles financieros de los diferentes presupuestos e información sobre salarios por posiciones (incluyendo las más relevantes), ante esta limitación se utilizaron los estados financieros públicos disponibles y se trabajó sobre tendencias asociadas a proporciones para cada uno de los planes funcionales

Box 4. The pass-through of higher natural gas prices to inflation in the euro area and in Spain

Artículo de revistaThis early-release box was published on 30 Septembe

Influence of lanthanum doping on the structure and transport properties of CeO2

LaxCe1-xO2-x/2 materials are oxide and/or proton conductors depending on the La-content and they are of interest for numerous electrochemical applications at high temperatures, including membranes for hydrogen separation and fuel cell electrolytes. Samples with low La-content exhibit (x0.4) crystallize with cubic fluorite type structure; while for x>0.4 the structure is still unclear. The crystal structure of these materials is still unknown, some authors reported that the materials exhibit fluorite type structure in the whole compositional range. However, another authors reported a pyrochlore type structure for x0.5. The stabilization of the fluorite or pyrochlore type structure depends mainly on the oxygen sublattice and the vacancy ordering1. In this contribution, LaxCe1-xO2-δ (0<x0.7) materials are prepared by the freeze-drying precursor method and the sintering conditions have been optimized to obtain dense ceramic samples. A complete structural characterization has been carried out by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The average structure determined by conventional XRD indicates that the materials are single fluorite compounds for x0.6. However, the local structure determined by combined electron diffraction and HRTEM is more complex. The SAED patterns reveal diffuse scatterings for x0.5 that have been associated with O-vacancy ordering, leading to a superstructure relative to a single fluorite . This finding is further confirmed by the HRTEM images in the same zone axis. Thermogravimetric and Raman analysis confirmed an increase of oxygen vacancy concentration with La-doping. The overall conductivity was determined by complex impedance spectroscopy in different atmospheres. The samples with high La-content exhibit an important proton contribution at low temperature. In addition, all samples are mixed ion-electronic conductors in hydrogen containing atmosphereUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Sports Results Measurement and Efficiency in UEFA Champions League

The UEFA Champions League (UCL) is the most important competition at club level. Nevertheless, the sports technical efficiency of this competition has been scarcely analysed. The present paper seeks to fill this gap by analysing from a longitudinal and data panel perspective all the teams that played in the UCL during nine seasons (2004/05 to 2012/13). From a methodological perspective, we have used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a deterministic non-parametric frontier method. In particular, we have applied constant return to scale and variable return to scale DEA assumptions. Due to the tournament characteristics (a group stage in the first phase, and a knockout system in the second phase), we have selected an input-oriented model. As the output (sporting result), we have proposed the use of the coefficients applied by UEFA from UCL revenue distribution. Efficiency is analysed in UCL considering a long period of time and applying the coefficients of revenue distribution as sporting results measurement. On account of differences from previous studies, we are able to obtain some interesting results. First, there is a high inefficiency level in UCL in the analysed seasons. Second, many clubs could be efficient in one season but stop being efficient for all the seasons simultaneously. As a consequence, the teams have many problems maintaining their efficiency during the seasons. Third, we have identified some regular inefficiency sources: waste of resources and inappropriate sporting tactics. Finally, from a longitudinal perspective, it is suggested an improvement in sporting tactics applied by the teams in the last seasons compared with the previous seasons

Competitive balance in male and female leagues: approximation to the Spanish case

The fans are the biggest part of the success of sports contests. The competitive equilibrium reflects uncertainty about the outcomes of professional sporting, which attracts the fans’ interest. Thus, the competitive balance (CB) is one of the main issues in sports economics. The objective of this paper is to analyse and compare the CB of male (Liga Santander) and female (Liga Iberdrola) top division leagues of Spanish football. In particular, we consider two aspects of CB: the level of concentration and the level of dominance of a sample composed of six seasons (from 2012/13 to 2017/18). For the concentration analysis, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), the ideal HHI competitive balance and deviated HHI (dHHI) are calculated. To analyse the dominance level, the HHI of dominance (HHID) in terms of titles won and top 4 are calculated. The results indicate that Liga Santander (male) is more balanced than the Liga Iberdrola (female). However, these findings do not imply that Liga Santander is balanced. In relation to dominance in terms of titles won, Liga Iberdrola is much better than Liga Santander. However, in terms of the top 4 dominance, both leagues have presented the same results. In this sense, both leagues’ decision makers must act to improve the competitive balance. In spite of the recent increase of media and attendance in the Liga Iberdrola, the lack of CB could be a serious handicap to it becoming a professional league

Efficiency in European football teams using WindowDEA: analysis and evolution

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze efficiency and its evolution in teams that played in the UEFA Champions League during nine seasons. The aim is to present a research procedure for determining the most accurate data envelopment analysis to estimate and compare the efficiency. Design/methodology/approach First, the authors analyzed the existence of a temporal trend using the S-statistic. The authors calculated the Kruskal–Wallis statistic to verify if there is stability in relative ranks. The results of the aforementioned tests have indicated that window analysis is an accurate methodology to apply to the sample. The authors analyzed 94 clubs with a sample of 288 observations, obtaining 768 efficiency ratios. They have been calculated using super-efficiency which enables to discriminate efficient units. Findings Results indicate that there is a low efficiency level in the nine seasons observed. There is a strong correlation between sports results and the efficiency of semifinalists. The authors conclude that improvement in a club’s efficiency could enhance its sports results. Finally, as practical implications, the authors highlight benchmark teams and alternative sports tactics to help clubs become more efficient and achieve better sports results. Originality/value This paper contributes to sports efficiency literature by presenting a research procedure to identify the most accurate methodology to be applied to panel data. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first empirical study on international football competitions applying WindowDEA to incomplete panel data