Participation in compulsory secondary education outside the ordinary classroom: Analysis of educational support measures in the Regions of Murcia and Valencia

Esta comunicación plantea en qué medida un estudiante podría realizar la totalidad de la etapa de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria cursando únicamente programas o medidas destinadas a alumnado que presenta dificultades en su aprendizaje, bien por circunstancias no atribuibles a su falta de estudio, bien por valorar de forma negativa el medio escolar. Para ello, se realiza un análisis de la legislación de dos Comunidades Autónomas: la Región de Murcia y la Comunidad Valenciana. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la enorme proliferación de estos programas extraordinarios, que, si bien presentan aspectos positivos, también segregan y etiquetan al alumnado que los cursa, separándolos del aula ordinaria. Entre otros programas diseñados en estas Comunidades llama la atención el Programa de Refuerzo Curricular que ya se establece en la Región de Murcia en 1º de ESO, así como también el Programa de Refuerzo que se implanta en la Comunidad Valenciana en 4º de ESOThis paper suggests the extent to which a student could complete the whole of compulsory secondary education by studying only programs or measures aimed at students who have difficulties in their learning, be it to circumstances not attributable to their lack of study, or to a negative assessment of the school environment. For this, an analysis of the legislation of two Autonomous Communities is made: The Region of Murcia and the Valencian Community. The results obtained show the enormous proliferation of these extraordinary programs, which despite presenting positive features, they also segregate and label the students who enrol in them, keeping them away from the ordinary classroom. Among other programs designed in these communities, we draw attention to both the Curricular Reinforcement Program that is already established in the Region of Murcia in the 1st year of ESO, as well as the Reinforcement Program that is implanted in the Valencian Community in the 4th year of ES

Formación transversal de traductores especializados:una experiencia didáctica interdisciplinar de traducción económica y técnica

The recent changes in the translation market call for a review of the teaching and learning methods used to train new professionals. The rigid traditional division of specialized translation into fields of knowledge does not correspond to market needs, which often involve working with texts that combine content from different disciplines. In this paper, we present an interdisciplinary didactic experience carried out during two consecutive academic years in which students and teachers of two specialized translation modules cooperated in an economic and technical translation project. Specifically, a research article on economic growth and human capital that combined economic content with statistical analysis methods was chosen as the source text. The design of the project required considering the competencies and learning outcomes planned for each module in order to enhance the establishment of connections between specialties. In addition, it was necessary to consider a variety of aspects related to the planning and development of the different project phases, because not all students were enrolled in both modules. For evaluation, a rubric was constructed with five criteria that were adjusted to the requirements of specialized translation and the translated genre. For each criterion, five levels of achievement were defined, four associated with the levels of evaluation of research articles, and a fifth one aimed at rewarding excellence. Both the academic results of students and their evaluation of the learning experience suggest that the method used could be a good option for meeting their interdisciplinary training needs and enhancing their motivation and involvement in learning. For the above reasons, the relevance of including modules based on the development of cross-curricular translation projects in future translation and interpreting curricula should be assessed

Guided Inquiry and Project-Based Learning in the field of specialised translation: a description of two learning experiences

In recent years, university offices for learning and teaching have encouraged their teaching staff to innovate and become teachers as well as to adapt assessment methods to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). The need to adjust the learning-teaching process to the EHEA has indeed prevented us from further postponing a discussion that has been acknowledged as necessary for years: why are our students failing to learn as they should or as we would like them to? As teachers, we usually put the blame on our students and neglect the fact that we might be using the wrong approach. In this article, we present the design of two learning experiences implemented in two specialised translation courses taught in the fourth year of the Degree in Translation and Interpreting at the University of Vigo, in Spain, and we discuss the implementation of constructivism-based tasks and techniques in the classroom. Particularly, we focus on Guided Inquiry (GI) in the Business Translation course and on Project-Based Learning (PBL) and peer review in the Scientific and Technical Translation course. The work closes with a discussion of the main results, in terms of both students' performances and their reactions to the new learning experiences

A neuroimaging study of pleasant and unpleasant olfactory perceptions of virgin olive oil

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used to collect information from neurons that receive direct input from olfactory bulbs when subjects smell virgin olive oil. The pleasant aroma of three extra virgin olive oils (var. Royal, Arbequina and Picual) and three virgin olive oils with sensory defects (rancid, fusty and winey/vinegary) were presented to 14 subjects while a fMRI scan acquired data from the brain activity. Data were subjected to a two-sample t test analysis, which allows a better interpretation of results particularly when data are studied across different subjects. Most of the activations, which were located in the frontal lobe, are related to the olfactory task regardless of the hedonic component of perception (e.g. Brodmann areas 10, 11). Comparing the samples with pleasant and unpleasant aromas, differences were found at the anterior cingu�late gyrus (Brodmann area 32), at the temporal lobe (Brodmann area 38), and inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann area 47), while intense aromas activated Brodmann area 6. The actual perceptions described by the subjects and the concentration of the odorant compounds in the samples were considered in the interpretation of the results.Estudio mediante neuroimagen de percepciones olfativas agradables y desagradables de aceites de oliva virgen. La imagen por resonancia magnética funcional (fMRI) ha sido empleada para estudiar la información de la respuesta cerebral producida al estimular las neuronas que participan en el proceso olfatorio tras percibir el aroma del aceite de oliva virgen (AOV). Se utilizó fMRI para la adquisición de los datos de la actividad cerebral de 14 sujetos a los que se presentaron tres aceites de oliva vírgenes de aroma agradable (var. Royal, Arbequina and Picual) y tres aceites de oliva vírgenes con defectos sensoriales (rancio, atrojado, avinado/avinagrado). Los datos se sometieron a una prueba t para observar diferencias entre dos grupos, la cual permite una mejor interpretación de los resultados, particularmente cuando los datos se estudian a través de diferentes sujetos. La mayoría de las activaciones, que se localizaron en lóbulos frontales, se relacionaron con la tarea olfatoria independientemente de la componente hedónica de la percepción (por ejemplo, áreas Brodmann 10, 11). Al comparar las muestras con aromas agradables y desagradables, se encontraron diferencias significativas en el giro cingulado anterior (área Brodmann 32), el lóbulo temporal (área Brodmann 38) y el giro frontal inferior (área Brodmann 47), mientras que los aromas más intensos activaron el área Brodmann 6. En la interpretación de los resultados se tuvo en cuenta tanto la percepción descrita por los sujetos como las concentraciones de los compuestos volátiles en las muestras.Ramón y Cajal Program AGL2008-01411, AGL2011- 30371-C02-01/02

Study of biomolecules adsorption on carbon nanotubes for their application as biosensors

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are a new material with electric, mechanical and electrochemical properties that make them interesting for different applications. Due to their high superficial area, the CNTs are very sensitive to molecules adsorbing on them. This property makes them a very good candidate for integrating into biosensors. In this context, the control of the non specific adsorption of molecules different from the one wanting to detect, is a parameter to be known and controlled. Along this Master Final Project, the adsorption of streptavidin, a biomolecule widely used in biomedical research, on the surface of Single Walled NanoTubes (SWNTs) have been studied. The highly specific biotin-streptavidin system have been used for specifically binding the streptavidin to the surface of the nanotube and to control the degree of specific / non specific adsorption. SWNTs with different functional groups at the surface have been considered. The horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed oxidation of 3,3’-5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) have been used as colorimetric test to determine the presence of streptavidin onto the SWNTs. The non specific adsorption of the protein has been intended to be prevented. Among the great variety of surfactants and molecules used to prevent the adsorption, polyethylene glycol (PEG), Tween20® and Pluronic® F-127 have been used. No complete blockage have been achieved. Once the adsorption of that protein over the surface of SWNTs has been known, it has been used to detect DNA hybridization, binding on strand to the nanotube in a specific way. The detection of the hybridization have been carried out optically by a fluorescent probe on the complementary strand

Don Quixote’s Irony: Reverse Reading lessons

Este artículo plantea el poder educativo de la imaginación para proponer símbolos que comunican autor y lector. Por ella, los clásicos de la literatura siguen vivos en épocas posteriores a las de su escritura, gracias a la capacidad de los lectores para intimar con el texto y renovarlo creativamente con otras perspectivas e hipertextos nuevos que desencadenan una semiosis infinita. El Quijote es un libro idóneo para estimular lecturas creativas debido a su condición hospitalaria hacia cualquier cultura y generación. La ironía es la retórica nodal del clásico cervantino y provoca "lecciones" de lectura inversa, interpretaciones cuerdas para ejemplos locos. Leyéndolo, se aprende a usar la fantasía no para la creencia en los significados sino para el sentido crítico hacia el mundo de referencia.Cet article présente le pouvoir éducatif de l'imagination pour proposer des symboles qui font communiquer l'auteur et le lecteur. Dû à cela les classiques de la littérature continuent à être présents dans des époques postérieures à celles de leur publication, c’est la capacité des lecteurs, pour intimer avec le texte et le renouveler créativement avec d'autres perspectives et de nouveaux hypertextes, celle qui développe une sémiose infinie. Le Quichotte est un livre idéal pour stimuler des lectures créatives dû à sa condition hospitalière envers toute culture et toute génération L'ironie est la rhétorique nodale du classique cervantesque et provoque des "leçons" de lecture inverse, des interprétations raisonnables pour des exemples fous. En le lisant, on apprend à utiliser la fantaisie, non pour croire à des signifiés, mais pour créer un sens critique envers le monde de référence.This article raises the educational power of imagination in order to propose symbols which communicate author and reader. Thanks to it, classics of Literature keep alive after their writing days, thanks to the readers’ capability to get friendly with the text and renew it creatively with other perspectives and new hypertexts which break out an infinite semiosis. Don Quixote is an ideal book to stimulate creative readings due to its hospitable condition towards any culture or generation. Irony is the nuclear rhetoric of the Cervantes’ classic and it provokes ‘lessons’ of opposite reading, sane interpretations for crazy examples. When reading it, you learn to use fantasy not for the belief in the meanings but for the critic sense towards the reference world

Tratamiento fisioterápico de Pilates por dolor muscular crónico de espalda: Caso clínico

El dolor crónico representa un problema que afecta a un número importante de población. El paciente a tratar sufre dolor crónico de las zonas cervical y dorsal. Mediante este trabajo se busca fortalecer la musculatura de tronco, perfeccionar la higiene postural, eliminar puntos gatillo y acrecentar la amplitud de movimiento y flexibilidad del paciente mediante un tratamiento de Pilates de suelo durante 6 meses. En el tratamiento se incluyen estiramientos y masoterapia funcional

Evaluating the environmental profiles of winter wheat rotation systems under different management strategies

Climate change poses a remarkable challenge to global food security, for which wheat is one of the main staple agricultural commodities. The cultivation of different varieties of winter wheat in Galicia (commercial and native) under rotation systems with potato, maize and oilseed rape was evaluated from an environmental point of view. The general approach of this study included the gathering of the inventory data of the different crops, the quantification of their environmental impacts and economic benefits, to identify the best land management system. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used as environmental tool. The environmental profiles of each rotation system were reported in terms of nine impact categories. Crop rotations were analysed both per hectare and per € of gross margin, so that the information can be relevant to land-management decisions. Preference ranks were established based on an environmental normalized score for both units. The results suggest that arable operations contribute decisively to the environmental profile of the rotations. The avoided mineral fertilization processes, the carbon storage in the soil when returning straw to the field, as well as the electricity production clearly influence the environmental impact of the rotations. Scenarios that include native wheat under organic management are always the environmentally preferred ones while the preferred alternate crop depends on the reference unit. Concerning the margin gross, scenarios including the native variety report the highest profits, being the potato the preferred alternate crop. Further assessment needs to be undertaken to identify differences in the results of different ways of conducting LCA, i.e. attributional vs consequential approachesThis research has been supported by the project Enhancing diversity in Mediterranean cereal farming systems (CerealMed) project funded by PRIMA Programme and FEDER/Ministry of Science and Innovation – Spanish National Research Agency (PCI2020-111978), by FEDER 2019/058A project in collaboration with Panaderia da Cunha and by a project granted by Xunta de Galicia (project ref. ED431F 2016/001). S.G.-G. and M.T.M. belong to the Galician Competitive Research Group GRC2013-032, co-funded by Xunta de Galicia and FEDER (EU). S.G-G. would like to express her gratitude to the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Grant references RYC-2014-14984) and the Spanish Ministry of Education and Professional Training (Grant reference CAS19/00037) for financial supportS

Growth rate and TRI5 gene expression profiles of Fusarium equiseti strains isolated from Spanish cereals cultivated on wheat and barley media at different environmental conditions

Fusarium equiseti is a toxigenic species that often contaminates ce real crops from diverse climatic regions such as Northern and Southern Europe. Previous results suggested the existence of two distinct populations within this species with differences in toxin pro file which largely corresponded to North and South Europe (Spain). In this work, growth rate profiles of 4 F. equiseti strains isolated from different cereals and distinct Spanish regions were determined on wheat and barley based media at a range of temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 °C) and water potentialregimens(−0.7,−2.8,−7.0,and −9.8MPa,correspondingto 0.99,0.98,0.95 and 0.93aw values).Growth was observed at all temperatures except at 40 °C, and at all the solute potential values except at−9.8 MPa when combined with 15 °C. Optimal growth was observed at 20– 30 °C and −0.7/−2.8 MPa. The effect of these factors on trichothecene biosynthesis was examined on a F. equiseti strain using a newly developed real time RT-PCR protocol to quantify TRI5 gene expression at 15, 25 and 35 °C and −0.7, −2.8, − 7.0 and −9.8 MPa on wheat and barley based media. Induction of TRI5 expression was detected between 25 and 35 °C and −0.7 and − 2.8 MPa, with maximum values at 35 °C and −2.8 MPa being higher in barley than in wheat medium. These results appeared to be consistent with a population well adapted to the present climatic conditions and predicted scenarios for Southern Europe and suggested some differences depending on the cereal considered. These are also discussed in relation to other Fusarium species co-occurring in cereals grown in this region and to their significance for prediction and control strategies of toxigenic risk in future scenarios of climate change for this region