A comparative study of the protein levels of Insulin and IGF-1 receptors and receptor substrates in a rat model of development and agind in different brain areas

Treball final de Màster Universitari en Investigació en Cervell i Conducta. Codi: SBM024. Curs acadèmic 2015-2016Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia. AD is a progressive, degenerative, and irreversible neurological disorder that cause early, cognitive impairment, memory loss, and behaviour changes. AD shares many age-related pathophysiological features of type 2 diabetes (T2D), importantly, insulin resistance defined as reduced cellular responsiveness to insulin. Insulin resistance is considered an etiological factor in AD. Insulin participates in synaptic plasticity through the activation of the insulin receptor (IR) and the PI3K signalling pathway. In this study, western blots were used to analyze the protein levels of insulin and IGF-1 receptors and substrates during the development and aging in different brain areas (prefrontal area, dorsal hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebellum) in rats. We found receptors and receptors substrate levels may vary depending on age and area analysed. The implications of these results are discussed

Coder Training Applied Research on Food Advertising

Tomando como punto de partida el manual de codificación (codebook), este estudio tiene como objetivo general plantear el proceso de trabajo y entrenamiento de los codificadores llevado a cabo para el abordaje de codificación y pilotaje de una plantilla de análisis, aplicado a un proyecto de investigación sobre la publicidad de alimentos. Los principales resultados apuntan a una modificación en la descripción de determinadas variables para ser mejor comprendidas por los codificadores, la necesidad de realizar una primera codificación conjunta entre codificadores para perfeccionar el manual de códigos, y preparar instrucciones sobre el programa informático usado en la codificación: SPSS.Written the codebook, this paper aims to explain the working process and coders training conducted in the process of coding that is applied to a research project about food advertising content analysis. The main findings of this study suggest a change in the description of certain variables to be better understood by the encoders, the need for a first coding practice together between coders to improve the codebook and to prepare instructions on the software used in encoding: SPSS

Dependencia al ejercicio físico y trastornos de la conducta alimentaria

El objetivo de estudio fue conocer el riesgo de dependencia al ejercicio físico a través de la Escala Revisada de Dependencia del Ejercicio (EDS-R, de Sicilia & González, 2011) de 49 pacientes con Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria (TCA), además de los motivos y las creencias que presentan respecto al ejercicio físico. Los resultados obtenidos indican como principal motivación la mejora de su aspecto físico bajo la creencia fundamental de que puede mejorar su salud física y psicológica, y en una notable mayoría el control de su peso. Los pacientes que realizan más de cuatro horas semanales de ejercicio físico presentan una media global más elevada de los síntomas consistentes con una dependencia al ejercicio físico frente aquellos que realizan menos de cuatro horas semanales. Este trabajo facilita la elaboración de estrategias de tratamiento ajustadas en pacientes con un TCA y el cuestionamiento de la recomendación de la práctica deportiva, pudiendo convertir un hábito sano en una posible adicción y agravamiento de su trastorno.The aim of study was to determine the risk exercise dependence through Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (Sicilia & González, 2011) in 49 patients with eating disorders, in addition to motives and beliefs having regard to physical exercise. The results indicate like main motivation the improve of their physical appearance under the fundamental belief that it can improve their physical and psychological health, and in a remarkable majority the control of his weight. The patients that realised more than four weekly hours of physical exercise present a global average more elevated of the consistent symptoms with a dependence to the physical exercise front those that realised less than four weekly hours. This work facilitates the preparation of strategies of treatment become adjusted in patients with eating disorders. We ask about if an increasing number of hours of his physical exercise may be harmful to health with risk from exercise addiction aggravating their disorder

Facebook as an educational tool in the university context

Esta investigación estudia el uso de Facebook por parte de los estudiantes de primero de grado de Publicidad y RR.PP (Universidad de Alicante) para el aprendizaje de la asignatura Comunicación y Medios Escritos. La metodología empleada es la encuesta, realizada a 76 alumnos durante el mes de Enero de 2013. Los resultados muestran una mejora del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. La red social sirve para compartir materiales, prácticas y resolver dudas, incentivando el aprendizaje colaborativo. Los alumnos coinciden en el beneficio que supone el uso de Facebook para aprender la materia.This research studies the use of Facebook by students in first course of Advertising Communication and Public Relations (University of Alicante) to learn the subject Communication and Media Writings. The methodology used is the survey of 76 students during the month of January 2013. The results show an improvement of the teaching-learning process. The social media used to share materials, practices and answer questions encouraging collaborative learning. Students agree that the benefit involves the use of Facebook to learn the subject

Investigación y creatividad :factoría especial de ideas

In the Architectural Projects Course at ETSA M, Cristina Díaz Moreno and Efrén García Grinda put into practice their pedagogical process as seen in the following pair of urban projects. Through this experience they try to overcome the inherited patterns of conventional architecture and urbanism.En el Curso 2005 - 2006 de Proyectos Arquitectónicos de la ETSAM, los arquitectos Cristina Díaz Moreno y Efrén García Grinda, muestran su enfoque pedagógico, en torno a dos proyectos de condiciones urbanas, que tratan de superar los patrones de enseñanza heredados por parte de la arquitectura y el urbanismo convencional

Facebook como herramienta educativa en el contexto universitario

This research studies the use of Facebook by students in first course of Advertising Communication and Public Relations (University of Alicante) to learn the subject Communication and Media Writings. The methodology used is the survey of 76 students during the month of January 2013. The results show an improvement of the teaching-learning process. The social media used to share materials, practices and answer questions encouraging collaborative learning. Students agree that the benefit involves the use of Facebook to learn the subject.Esta investigación estudia el uso de Facebook por parte de los estudiantes de primero de grado de Publicidad y RR.PP (Universidad de Alicante) para el aprendizaje de la asignatura Comunicación y Medios Escritos. La metodología empleada es la encuesta, realizada a 76 alumnos durante el mes de Enero de 2013. Los resultados muestran una mejora del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. La red social sirve para compartir materiales, prácticas y resolver dudas, incentivando el aprendizaje colaborativo. Los alumnos coinciden en el beneficio que supone el uso de Facebook para aprender la materia

Upregulating Positive Affectivity in the Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: A Randomized Pilot Study

Transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy for emotional disorders (ED) has proven to be effective. However, current transdiagnostic treatment protocols address only the regulation of negative affectivity, and they do not include treatment components to more directly target the regulation of positive affectivity. In this study, we propose to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and acceptability of a transdiagnostic treatment protocol for ED that includes, as an innovative feature, a specific treatment component to directly upregulate positive affectivity based on positive psychology interventions. A total of 24 participants were randomized to either a transdiagnostic treatment protocol (n = 12) or a transdiagnostic treatment protocol with an additional component designed to regulate positive affectivity (n = 12). Participants completed measures of anxiety, depression, positive and negative affectivity, and quality of life, as well as treatment acceptability at pre- and posttreatment and at the 3-month follow-up. Both interventions led to improvements in all measures at posttreatment, and these outcomes were maintained at the 3-month follow-up, with large effect sizes for all measures. The effect sizes for positive affect were larger in the condition that included the component to upregulate positive affectivity. Attrition rate was low, and both treatment protocols were well accepted by participants. The results obtained in this study indicate the feasibility of testing the treatment protocol in a larger, randomized, controlled trial, and they suggest the potential of including treatment components for directly upregulating positive affectivity in future research on transdiagnostic treatment protocols for ED

The impact of inclusion on the spanish education system.

This project aims to show a broader vision of educational inclusion nowadays. Through different authors and perspectives, the historic evolution of inclusive education is known, from integration to inclusion. In addition, a bibliographic review has been carried out to publicize the different inclusion strategies that can be implemented in the educational field, by the educational community of schools. These strategies can be of different types: strategies of organization and effective management of the classroom (reduction of the ratio, promotion of positive personal relationship, establishment of routines, etc.), teaching strategies and learning assessment (formative os continuous evaluation, motivational strategies, etc.), grouing strategies (according to different sises and criterions) and adaptation of activities and materials’ strategies (adaptation of materials, analysis and breakdown of tasks in simpler sequences, etc.).Este trabajo pretende mostrar una visión más amplia de la inclusión educativa en la actualidad. A través de diferentes autores y perspectivas se da a conocer la evolución histórica de la educación inclusiva, desde la integración hasta la inclusión. Además, se ha llevado a cabo una revisión bibliográfica para dar a conocer las diferentes estrategias de inclusión que se pueden poner en práctica en el ámbito educativo, por parte de la comunidad educativa de los centros de enseñanza. Estas pueden ser de diferentes tipos: de organización y manejo efectivo del aula (reducción de la ratio, fomento de las relaciones personales positivas, establecimiento de rutinas, etc.), de enseñanza y evaluación de los aprendizajes (evaluación formativa o continua, estratégias de motivación, etc.), de agrupamento (atendiendo a diferentes tamaños y critérios) y de adaptación de las atividades y de los materiales (análisis y descomposición de tareas en secuencias más simples, adaptación de materiales, etc.)

Cognitive-Behavioural therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy for the treatment of post-natal depression: a narrative review

BACKGROUND: Post-natal Depression (PND) is a depressive disorder that causes significant distress or impairment on different levels in the individual's life and their families. There is already evidence of the efficacy of psychological treatments for PND. We conducted a narrative review and researched the literature for identifying systematic reviews and studies for the best psychological treatments of PND, and examined what parameters made those treatments successful. METHODS: We searched 4 electronic databases. We included reviews and randomised controlled clinical trials for our research. We excluded other types of studies such as case studies and cohort studies. We followed a specific search strategy with specific terms and a selection process. We identified risk of bias in reviews and studies, and identified their limitations. We synthesized the data based on particular information, including: name of the authors, location, research type, target, population, delivery, outcome measures, participants, control groups, types of intervention, components of treatments, providers, experimental conditions amongst others. RESULTS: We found 6 reviews and 15 studies which met our inclusion criteria focusing on Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for PND. Among the main findings we found that CBT can be delivered on an individual basis or within a group. It can be effective in the short-term, or up to six months post-intervention. CBT can be delivered by professionals or experts, but can also be practiced by non-experts. We found 7 components of CBT, including psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, and goal setting. We also researched whether virtual reality (VR) has ever been used for the treatment of PND, and found that it has not. CONCLUSION: From our review, we have concluded that CBT is an effective treatment for PND. We have explored the utility of VR as a possible therapeutic modality for PND and have decided to run a pilot feasibility study as a next step, which will act as the foundational guide for a clinical trial at a later stage