School to work transitions and the impact of public expenditure on education

In this paper we analyse how the decentralization process of the Spanish educational system has affected the school-to-work transition of youths over the last years. Using individual data from the Spanish Labor Force Survey for the period 1993-2002, we estimate a simultaneous equation model for the unemployment and employment hazard rates of these workers. We include public expenditure on education, at the regional level, as an explanatory factor in both hazards. Furthermore we account for cross-regional differences regarding the decision-making authority over education. Our results reveal that for both, university and non-university levels, public expenditure on education significantly improves the chances of Spanish youths in finding the first job after completing the educational system. Furthermore, it seems that the decentralization of university education has positive effects on youths’ labor market prospects in terms of exiting from unemployment. However, we find that such decentralization has no effects over the likelihood of loosing the first job. Finally, we find that public expenditure on non-university education reduces the individual likelihood of leaving the first job especially in those regions without competences in education.educational expenditure, decentralization,unemployment hazard,emplyment hazard,gasto educativo,descentralización,tasa de salida del desempleo, tasa de despido.

X-ray diffraction, cements and environment, three worlds in one.

This keynote lecture will be focused on the strategies for reducing CO2 emissions in the cement production. Concretely, the production of ecocements with optimised formulations that yield reductions in CO2 emissions of up to 25%, when compared to OPC production. Phase assemblage has to be carefully optimised to be competitive and these new ecocements should develop compressive strengths of at least 50 MPa at 28 days of hydration. Optimised compositions of several ecocements will be discussed, but all of them are ye'elimite or calcium sulphoaluminate containing ones: belite-ye'elimite-ferrite (BYF), belite-alite-ye'elimite (BAY) and ye'elimite rich ones (CSA). The clinkering temperature of BYF and BAY has to be established to obtain the targeted phase assemblages. Moreover, the stabilisation of alpha-forms of belite is needed to develop high mechanical strengths at early ages. The benefits of the use of waste materials (such as fly ash or slag) as additions to ecocements are three-fold: lower CO2 emissions due to clinker replacement; valorisation of “useless” products that need a lot of landscape and the consequent efficient consumption of raw materials; and to enhance mechanical properties of the corresponding mortars. The design of appropriate CSA, BYF and BAY mortars, with the final aim of knowing and controlling the hydration mechanisms, will be presented. Particularly, the role of i) type and amount of set regulator (gypsum, anhydrite, etc.), ii) water/cement ratio (w/c); iii) superplasticiser; and iv) pozzolanic additions will be discussed. The role of these parameters in the microstructure and hydraulic behaviour has been investigated through traditional techniques as well as advanced synchrotron characterisation. The formers include laboratory/synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction combined with Rietveld methodology (to obtain phase assemblage), electron microscopy techniques for paste microstructure determination, rheological studies (to control the effect of the different additives, w/c ratio and setting time retarders) and mechanical tests (setting times, compressive strengths and dimensional stability). The latters comprise a group of techniques available at synchrotrons such as: i) high temperature x-ray diffraction for clinkering studies and ii) total scattering data to be analysed by pair distribution function, PDF

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Lead and Lithium in Liquid Phase

Pb17Li is today a reference breeder material in diverse fusion R&D programs worldwide. Extracting dynamic and structural properties of liquid LiPb mixtures via molecular dynamics simulations, represent a crucial step for multiscale modeling efforts in order to understand the suitability of this compound for future Nuclear Fusion technologies. At present a Li-Pb cross potential is not available in the literature. Here we present our first results on the validation of two semi-empirical potentials for Li and Pb in liquid phase. Our results represent the establishment of a solid base as a previous but crucial step to implement a LiPb cross potential. Structural and thermodynamical analyses confirm that the implemented potentials for Li and Pb are realistic to simulate both elements in the liquid phase

Neural networks and spectra feature selection for retrival of hot gases temperature profiles

Proceeding of: International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling, Control and Automation, 2005 and International Conference on Intelligent Agents, Web Technologies and Internet Commerce, Vienna, Austria 28-30 Nov. 2005Neural networks appear to be a promising tool to solve the so-called inverse problems focused to obtain a retrieval of certain physical properties related to the radiative transference of energy. In this paper the capability of neural networks to retrieve the temperature profile in a combustion environment is proposed. Temperature profile retrieval will be obtained from the measurement of the spectral distribution of energy radiated by the hot gases (combustion products) at wavelengths corresponding to the infrared region. High spectral resolution is usually needed to gain a certain accuracy in the retrieval process. However, this great amount of information makes mandatory a reduction of the dimensionality of the problem. In this sense a careful selection of wavelengths in the spectrum must be performed. With this purpose principal component analysis technique is used to automatically determine those wavelengths in the spectrum that carry relevant information on temperature distribution. A multilayer perceptron will be trained with the different energies associated to the selected wavelengths. The results presented show that multilayer perceptron combined with principal component analysis is a suitable alternative in this field.Publicad

Tratamiento empírico de la uretritis en las consultas de Atención Primaria españolas

Al respecto del tratamiento antibiótico empírico de las uretritis en el año 2017 parece que la mayor parte de las guías actualizadas ofrecen un consenso al respecto de las pautas de tratamiento más adecuadas en función de la etiología del cuadro clínico. En las uretritis gonocócicas la Ceftriaxona 250 mg IM en dosis única asociada a la Azitromicina 1g por vía oral se constituye como el tratamiento de primera línea, cubriendo la Azitromicina una parte significativa del espectro de las uretritis no gonocócicas. Sin embargo, en nuestro país la Ceftriaxona constituye un antibiótico de diagnóstico hospitalario, lo que condiciona que las opciones de tratamiento en la primera visita en Atención Primaria en nuestro medio con este principio activo se vean en muchas ocasiones seriamente comprometidas, siendo necesaria la derivación a medio hospitalario o el empleo de un tratamiento empírico alternativo.Grado en Medicin

Checklist of marine Crustacea Decapoda (excluded Brachyura) from Iberian Peninsula

An actualized and annotated checklist of marine Crustacea Decapoda (excluded Brachyura) from Iberian Peninsula and by sectors (Northern Spain (Gulf of Biscay to Galicia) - West Portugal - Gulf of Cádiz (S Portugal- SW Spain: Cape San Vicente to Gibraltar Strait) - Alborán Sea - Eastern Mediterranean Spain (Baleares-Levante)) is provided. Systematic changes and synonymies, new records, introduced species by anthropogenic activities and characterization of the spatial distribution of species are commented. In total 292 decapods species (not including Brachyura), belonging to 134 genera and 42 families, are cited along Iberian waters. Of these, 114 were not found by Zariquiey Álvarez (1968). The richest families are Paguridae, Hippolytidae and Palemonidae (with 28, 21 and 17 species respectively). By sectors, the Gulf of Cadiz shows the highest richness (178 species), consequence of the confluence of Atlantic and Mediterranean waters and of a greater depth range in this area (when comparing with the adjacent Alborán Sea sector). The total marine decapod species along Iberian waters (including crabs, Marco-Herrera et al., 2015) is, at least, 431. Also, other 13 freshwaters species have been cited in Iberian Peninsula.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech