Luis II de Baviera y Luchino Visconti: ¿vidas paralelas? Estudio sobre Luis II de Baviera

This research presents Ludwig II of Baviera (1845-1886) as a historical figure and the vision of his reign theItalian director Luchino Visconti showed in his movies. This research states in an analytic and scrupulousway the relations between the historical figure, its filmic representation and the director himself. In addition,through an exhaustive research, this paper shows the aesthetics generated by directors like Visconti who reacheda remarkable peak in history of European film. Finally, this paper goes through the making of this film,which went from a transitional film within the Visconti oeuvre to one of his most troublesome and health-riskingprojects causing afterwards Visconti´s death.En esta investigación se presenta la figura de un personaje histórico como fue Luis II de Baviera (1845-1886) y la visión que sobre él y su reinado realizó para el cine el director italiano Luchino Visconti. Seplantea de manera analítica y precisa los paralelismos entre la figura histórica del rey, su representaciónfílmica y el director de la misma. También se muestra, a través de esta investigación exhaustiva,la descripción de una estética generada por directores como Visconti que marcaron una cima en la historiadel cine europeo. Por último nos adentraremos en el rodaje de Ludwig, que pasó de ser un film detransición en la obra de Visconti a afectarle tanto psíquica como físicamente y que terminó ocasionándoleseveros problemas de salud cuyas secuelas que le abocaron finalmente a la muerte, ya que falleciócuatro años después de filmar esta película

Publicity In The Age Of Postproduction: The Virtual Product

El producto publicitario y su acabado final han sido muy poco estudiados en la investigación sobre publicidad. Este estudio pretende aportar algo de luz a este vacío. Todo producto publicitario en la actual Era Digital debe crearse tanto para los medios convencionales (sobre todo en el ámbito de internet) como para los medios no convencionales, a partir de la transversalidad del producto. La única manera de conseguir esto, es que ese producto sea moldeable, manipulable e intercambiable de un medio a otro. Para alcanzar este objetivo es necesario conocer las posibilidades que nos da la postproducción. El objetivo principal de este estudio es desvelar como la postproducción, el mundo del CGI (Computer Generated Imagery), de la infografía en definitiva de la imagen computacional, reina en la publicidad audiovisual actual. Otro objetivo planteado es hacer un llamamiento a los profesionales de la publicidad del futuro para que conozcan esas herramientas y para ofrecer a los investigadores del presente una breve guía de las diversas formas de uso de los elementos de la postproducción.The advertising material and its finished product has been very little studied in advertising research. This study aims to fill that gap. All advertising products in the current Digital Era must be created for both the mainstream media (especially in the field of internet) to unconventional ways, from the transversality of the product. The only way to achieve this, is that this product is malleable, manipulable and interchangeable from one medium to another. To achieve this goal it is necessary to know the possibilities that we postproduction. The main objective of this study is to reveal as post-production, the world of CGI (Computer Generated Imagery), computer graphics ultimately computational image reigns in the current broadcast advertising. Another goal we set ourselves is to appeal to the advertising professionals of the future to know these tools and provide researchers present a brief guide to the various ways to uncover the elements of the post

Limits of Film Language in the Experimental Cinema in Late-Francoism

Durante los últimos años de la dictadura franquista, en el denominado período del tardofranquismo, un grupo de creadores y cineastas experimentales abordaron una serie de proyectos en los cuales cuestionaron la escritura y el lenguaje cinematográficos. Paulino Viota, Pere Portabella e Isidoro Valcárcel Medina filmaron tres títulos que investigaron sobre el lenguaje cinematográfico y la importancia de la actuación clásica. Contactos (Paulino Viota, 1970), Vampir-Cuadecuc (Pere Portabella, 1970) y La celosía (Isidoro Valcárcel Medina, 1972) representan los tres modelos más radicales de esta búsqueda de los límites de la escritura cinematográfica.In the last years of the Franco dictatorship, Late-Francoism, three filmmakers and artists filmed three experimental movies: Contactos (Paulino Viota, 1970), Vampir-Cuadecuc (Pere Portabella, 1970) y La celosía (Isidoro Valcárcel Medina, 1972). These movies explore what the meanings of the Cinema. Viota, Portabella y Valcárcel Medina attempted to find the limits of the Film Language

Effect of Disorder on Ultrafast Exciton Dynamics Probed by Single Molecule Spectroscopy

We present a single-molecule study unraveling the effect of static disorder on the vibrational-assisted ultrafast exciton dynamics in multichromophoric systems. For every single complex, we probe the initial exciton relaxation process by an ultrafast pump-probe approach and the coupling to vibrational modes by emission spectra, while fluorescence lifetime analysis measures the amount of static disorder. Exploiting the wide range of disorder found from complex to complex, we demonstrate that static disorder accelerates the dephasing and energy relaxation rate of the exciton

SMART-LAMP: A Smartphone-Operated Handheld Device for Real-Time Colorimetric Point-of-Care Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases via Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

[ENG]Nucleic acid amplification diagnostics offer outstanding features of sensitivity and specificity. However, they still lack speed and robustness, require extensive infrastructure, and are neither affordable nor user-friendly. Thus, they have not been extensively applied in point-of-care diagnostics, particularly in low-resource settings. In this work, we have combined the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology with a handheld portable device (SMART-LAMP) developed to perform real-time isothermal nucleic acid amplification reactions, based on simple colorimetric measurements, all of which are Bluetooth-controlled by a dedicated smartphone app. We have validated its diagnostic utility regarding different infectious diseases, including Schistosomiasis, Strongyloidiasis, and COVID-19, and analyzed clinical samples from suspected COVID-19 patients. Finally, we have proved that the combination of long-term stabilized LAMP master mixes, stored and transported at room temperature with our developed SMART-LAMP device, provides an improvement towards true point-of-care diagnosis of infectious diseases in settings with limited infrastructure. Our proposal could be easily adapted to the diagnosis of other infectious diseases

A Trypanosoma cruzi Genome Tandem Repetitive Satellite DNA Sequence as a Molecular Marker for a LAMP Assay for Diagnosing Chagas' Disease

Chagas' disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi which is endemic throughout Latin America and is spread by worldwide migration. Diagnosis is currently limited to serological and molecular techniques having variations regarding their sensitivity and specificity. This work was aimed at developing a new sensitive, applicable, and cost-effective molecular diagnosis technique for loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based detection of T. cruzi (Tc-LAMP). The results led to determining a highly homologous satellite repeat region (231 bp) among parasite strains as a molecular marker for diagnosing the disease. Tc-LAMP was performed correctly for detecting parasite DNA (5 fg for the CL Brener strain and 50 fg for the DM28, TcVI, and TcI strains). Assay results proved negative for DNA from 16 helminth species and 7 protozoa, including Leishmania spp. Tc-LAMP based on the highly repeated T. cruzi satellite region is thus proposed as an important alternative for diagnosing T. cruzi infection, overcoming other methods' limitations such as their analytic capability, speed, and requiring specialized equipment or highly trained personnel. Tc-LAMP could be easily adapted for point-of-care testing in areas having limited resources

Tutoriales escritos y animados para favorecer el autoaprendizaje del alumno en asignaturas de grado y máster

Memoria ID-142. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2020-2021

Application of the LAMP Technique for the Detection of Loa Loa and Mansonella perstans

Filariases are endemic diseases of tropical regions caused by filiform nematodes transmitted by insect bites. They produce high morbidity. Loiasis (Loa Loa) and mansonellosis (Mansonella perstans) globally affect 10 and 100 million people, respectively. The diagnosis of certainty is parasitological, but it does not detect early infections or low microfilaeremia, and it is necessary to consider the periodicity of microphilaremias in blood. Molecular techniques, such as PCR, have great sensitivity and specificity, but they are expensive, technically complex and require infrastructure not available in endemic areas of scarce resources. LAMP technology (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) has advantages over PCR as faster, scarce equipment, more tolerant of inhibitors and the results can be observed colorimetrically. In this work, LAMP technology is applied and evaluated for the detection of DNA from Loa loa and M. perstans in 22 blood samples stored on filter paper from individuals living in Equatorial Guinea. The samples were analyzed microscopically, using qPCR and LAMP. The molecular methods were more sensitive than microscopy. LAMP resulted more sensitive than qPCR for the detection of DNA from Loa loa and M. perstans.Las filariosis son enfermedades endémicas de regiones tropicales ocasionadas por nematodos filiformes trasmitidos por la picadura de insectos. Producen elevada morbilidad. La loaosis (Loa Loa) y la mansonelosis (Mansonella perstans) afectan globalmente a 10 y 100 millones de personas, respectivamente. El diagnóstico de certeza es parasitológico, pero no detecta infecciones precoces o bajas microfilaremias y hay que considerar la periodicidad de las microfilarias en sangre. Las técnicas moleculares, como la PCR, tienen gran sensibilidad y especificidad, pero son caras, técnicamente complejas y requieren infraestructura no disponible en zonas endémicas de escasos recursos. La tecnología LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) presenta ventajas sobre la PCR como mayor rapidez, escaso equipamiento, más tolerante a inhibidores y los resultados pueden observarse colorimétricamente. En este trabajo se aplica y valora la tecnología LAMP para la detección de ADN de Loa loa y M. perstans en 22 muestras de sangre almacenadas en papel de filtro de individuos residentes en Guinea Ecuatorial. Las muestras se analizaron microscópicamente, mediante qPCR y LAMP. Los métodos moleculares resultaron más sensibles que la microscopía. El LAMP resultó más sensible que la qPCR para la detección de ADN de Loa loa y M. perstans

Detection of Schistosoma mansoni-derived DNA in human urine samples by loopmediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)

[EN]Background Schistosoma mansoni is the main species causing hepatic and intestinal schistosomiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa, and it is the only species in South America. Adult stages of the parasite reside in the mesenteric venous plexus of infected hosts, and eggs are shed in feces. Collecting patient stool samples for S. mansoni diagnostic purposes is difficult in large-scale field trials. Urine samples would be an alternative approach for molecular S. mansoni detection since they have several advantages over stool samples, including better handling, management and storage. Additionally, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology is a powerful molecular diagnostic tool for infectious diseases, particularly under field conditions in developing countries. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of our previously developed LAMP assay (SmMIT-LAMP) for S. mansoni-specific detection in clinical urine samples. Methodology/Principal findings The sensitivity of SmMIT-LAMP in urine was established in simulated fresh human urine samples artificially spiked with genomic DNA from S. mansoni. LAMP for 120 min instead of 60 min improved the sensitivity, reaching values of 0.01 fg/μL. A set of well-defined frozen stored human urine samples collected from Sub-Saharan immigrant patients was selected from a biobank to evaluate the diagnostic validity of SmMIT-LAMP. The set included urine samples from patients with microscopy-confirmed infections with S. mansoni, S. haematobium and other nonschistosome parasites, as well as urine samples from patients with microscopy-negative eosinophilia without a confirmed diagnosis. The SmMIT-LAMP was incubated for 60 and 120 min. A longer incubation time was shown to increase the LAMPpositive results in patient urine samples. We also tested urine samples from mice experimentally infected with S. mansoni, and LAMP-positive results were obtained from the third week after infection. A real-time LAMP assay was also performed with three individual urine samples. Conclusions/Significance The SmMIT-LAMP could effectively detect S. mansoni DNA in mouse urine samples and produced promising results for human clinical samples. The detection of S. mansoni DNA in mouse urine samples from the third week after infection indicates that early diagnosis of active S. mansoni infection is possible using urine as a source of DNA. Further studies are still needed, but our method could be used as a promising molecular tool applicable to urine samples to diagnose human intestinal schistosomiasis caused by S. mansoni