Gender Biases and Diagnostic Delay in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Multicenter Observational Study

Background: Female gender could be a cause of diagnostic delay in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic delay in women vs men and potential causes. Methods: This multicenter cohort study included 190 patients with recent diagnosis of IBD (disease duration <7 months). Reconstruction of the clinical presentation and diagnostic process was carried out in conjunction with the semistructured patient interview, review, and electronic medical records. Results: The median time from symptom onset to IBD diagnosis was longer in women than in men: 12.6 (interquartile range, 3.7-31) vs 4.5 (2.2-9.8) months for Crohn’s disease (CD; P = .008) and 6.1 (3-11.2) vs 2.7 (1.5-5.6) months for ulcerative colitis (UC; P = .008). Sex was an independent variable related to the time to IBD diagnosis in Cox regression analysis. The clinical presentation of IBD was similar in both sexes. Women had a higher percentage of misdiagnosis than men (CD, odds ratio [OR], 3.9; 95% confidence [CI], 1.5-9.9; UC, OR 3.0; 95% CI, 1.2-7.4). Gender inequities in misdiagnosis were found at all levels of the health system (emergency department, OR 2.4; 95% CI, 1.1-5.1; primary care, OR 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3-4.7; gastroenterology secondary care, OR 3.2; 95% CI, 1.2-8.4; and hospital admission, OR 4.3; 95% CI, 1.1-16.9). Conclusions: There is a longer diagnostic delay in women than in men for both CD and UC due to a drawn-out evaluation of women, with a higher number of misdiagnoses at all levels of the health care system.This study was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI 18/01547), GETECCU (Grupo Español de Trabajo en Enfermedad de Crohn y Colitis Ulcerosa, Grant 2017) and SVPD (Sociedad Valenciana de Patología Digestiva, Grant 2017)

Psychological burden and quality of life in newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease patients

Objective: Psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, are frequently related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, few studies have examined these factors in patients newly diagnosed with IBD. The aim of the present study was to test the psychological burden in patients with a recent diagnosis of IBD and the factors related to this psychological burden. Methods: We performed a prospective, multi-center, observational study in patients with a new diagnosis of IBD (≤6 months). The patients were recruited from four different Spanish hospitals. Clinical and demographic characteristics were collected. Patients were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and quality of life questionnaire for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBDQ-32). The Scale of Stress Perceived by the Disease was used to assess stressful life events. Results: We included 156 patients newly diagnosed with IBD [69 women; 80 Crohn’s disease (CD) and 76 ulcerative colitis (UC)], with a mean age of 42.3 (SD 16.21) years. A total of 37.2% of patients had symptoms of anxiety and 17.3% had symptoms of depression. Quality of life was affected in 30.1% of patients. Factors related to anxiety in early IBD were being a woman and having CD. The only factor related to depression was the presence of comorbidity. Being a woman and having suffered previous stressful life events were factors related to impaired quality of life. Conclusion: Anxiety, depression, and impaired quality of life are frequent in patients with a recent diagnosis of IBD. This psychological burden is greater in women.This study was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI 18/01547), ISABIAL (Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, UGP-23-071 and UGP-22-105), GETECCU (Grupo Español de Trabajo en Enfermedad de Crohn y Colitis Ulcerosa, Grant 2017), and SVPD (Sociedad Valenciana de Patología Digestiva, Grant 2017)

Diversidad microbiana y productividad de tomate asociadas a la bioestimulación como estrategia de transición agroecológica

Se realizó un relevamiento de bacterias endófitas de tallo de cultivares de tomate (Lycopersicum esculentum) bajo cubierta con o sin tratamiento de bioestimulación en etapa de plantín, como estrategia para una transición agroecológica. La producción de tomate tardío y el rediseño de manejos para las coberturas fueron dos determinantes en este ensayo. Se determinó la capacidad bacteriana de promover el crecimiento vegetal in vitro y la productividad de los cultivos. No se encontró una relación directa entre la cantidad, diversidad y capacidad de promover el crecimiento vegetal de endófitos de tallo de tomate y la bioestimulación, características que estarían relacionadas al genotipo de tomate. El tomate platense mostró mayor biodiversidad de endófitos promotores del crecimiento vegetal que el hibrido BADRO y la variedad UCO, pero como línea genética, no resultó apropiada como cultivo de tomate tardío. En cambio, el hibrido BADRO y la variedad UCO mostraron buenos rendimientos y respondieron a la bioestimulación.A survey of endophytic bacteria from stem of tomato cultivars under cover with or without biostimulation treatment in seedling stage was realized as strategy for an agroecological transition. Late tomato production and the redesign of the handlings for hedges were two determinants in this assay. Its ability to promote plant growth in vitro was determined and crop productivity was evaluated. No direct relationship was found between the amount, diversity and ability to promote plant growth of tomato stem endophytes and biostimulation, but these features would be related to tomato genotype. The platense tomato showed a greater biodiversity of endophytes with plant growth promoting characteristics comparing to the BADRO hybrid and UCO variety, but as genetic line, it was not suitable for cultivation as late tomato. However, the BADRO hybrid and UCO variety showed good yields and responded to biostimulation.Eje A1 Sistemas de producción de base agroecológica (Trabajos científicos)Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

How does neighbourhood socio-economic status affect the interrelationships between functioning dimensions in first episode of psychosis? A network analysis approach

The links between psychosis and socio-economic disadvantage have been widely studied. No previous study has analysed the interrelationships and mutual influences between functioning dimensions in first episode of psychosis (FEP) according to their neighbourhood household income, using a multidimensional and transdiagnostic perspective. 170 patients and 129 controls, participants in an observational study (AGES-CM), comprised the study sample. The WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) was used to assess functioning, whereas participants' postcodes were used to obtain the average household income for each neighbourhood, collected by the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE). Network analyses were conducted with the aim of defining the interrelationships between the different dimensions of functioning according to the neighbourhood household income. Our results show that lower neighbourhood socioeconomic level is associated with lower functioning in patients with FEP. Moreover, our findings suggest that “household responsibilities” plays a central role in the disability of patients who live in low-income neighbourhoods, whereas “dealing with strangers” is the most important node in the network of patients who live in high-income neighbourhoods. These results could help to personalize treatments, by allowing the identification of potential functioning areas to be prioritized in the treatment of FEP according to the patient's neighbourhood characteristic

Taking advantage of the use of supervised learning methods for characterization of sperm population structure related with freezability in the iberian red deer

Using Iberian red deer as model, this study presents a supervised learning method, the Support Vector Machines (SVM), to characterize sperm population structure related with freezability. Male freezability was assessed by evaluating motility, membrane status and mitochondrial membrane potential of sperm after a freezing-thawing procedure. The SVM model was generated using sperm motility information captured by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) from thawed semen, belonging to 6 stags with marked differences on their freezability. A total of 1369 sperm tracks were recorded for seven kinematic parameters and assigned to four motility patterns based on them: weak motile, progressive, transitional and hyperactivated-like. Then, this data were split in two sets: the training set, used to train the SVM model, and the testing set, used to examine how the SVM method and three other unsupervised methods, a non-hierarchical, a ierarchical and a multi-step clustering procedures, performed the sperm classification into subpopulations. The SVM was revealed as the most accurate method in the characterization of sperm subpopulations, showing all the sperm subpopulations obtained in this way high significant correlations with those sperm parameters used to characterize freezability of males. Given its superiority, the SVM method was used to characterize the sperm motile subpopulations in Iberian red deer. Sperm motile data from frozen thawed semen belonging to 25 stags were recorded and loaded into the SVM model. The sperm population structure revealed that those males showing por freezability were characterized by high percentages of sperm with a weak motility pattern. In opposite, males showing good freezability were characterized by higher percentages of sperm with a progressive and hyperactivated-like motility pattern and lower percentages of sperm with a weak motile pattern. We also identified a sperm subpopulation with a transitional motility pattern. This subpopulation increased as the freezability of males improved, and may be used as indicative of overall sperm motility

Cultural Heritage in Europe: A commitment for socioeconomic change from managing our past II

Diseño web, apoyo RRSS: Empresa Jansá Cultura y Tecnología https://appcultura.comEl proyecto formará en el Patrimonio Cultural existente en la Unión Europea desde su gestión. Supone actividades como: 1. Conocer los bienes culturales desde la visión crítica de los procesos de patrimonialización hasta la catalogación e inventario. 2 Planificar su financiación, legislación o la ordenación urbanística y territorial. 3. Controlar las acciones ilícitas que pueden deteriorarlos, así como la venta o la transmisión de estos bienes. 4. Plantear su socialización desde la interpretación y la difusión en ámbitos formales e informales, desde estrategias de turismo, tecnológicas o de redes sociales, así como realizar procesos participativos, de implicación de la sociedad civil y organizaciones interesadas en la toma de decisiones sobre su tratamiento. 5. Ser capaces de evaluar a corto, largo y medio plazo y desde múltiples perspectivas, incluida la del impacto socioeconómico. De la importancia del tema habla por si sola la declaración del Parlamento Europeo para la celebración del Año 2018 y que reproducimos (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/es/press/press-releases/2017/02/09-cultural-heritage/): " Año Europeo del Patrimonio Cultural en 2018: celebración de la diversidad y la riqueza de nuestro patrimonio europeo, cuyos objetivos son: - Promover la diversidad cultural, el diálogo intercultural y la cohesión social; - Poner de relieve la contribución económica del patrimonio cultural a los sectores cultural y de la creación, en particular a las pequeñas y medianas empresas, y al desarrollo local y regional; - Hacer hincapié en el papel del patrimonio cultural en las relaciones exteriores de la UE, por ejemplo, en la prevención de conflictos, la reconciliación tras estos y la reconstrucción del patrimonio cultural destruido " Abordar estos temas requiere una formación transdisciplinar, que aporta el equipo de docentes de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid y de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid pertenecientes a las siguientes áreas de conocimiento: historia, historia del arte, geografía, arqueología, economía, sociología, psicología, derecho, arquitectura, ingeniería de las telecomunicaciones y de caminos, canales y puertos. A ellos se le suma una trayectoria de cerca de 30 años en los temas referidos, siendo nuestros centros pioneros en España para impartir esa formación y sin lugar a dudas innovadores en la transversalidad con la que las hemos impulsado en nuestras distintas facultades y escuelas, donde no existe el área de conocimiento como tal. Participamos miembros de varios grupos de investigación, como el de Gestión del Patrimonio Cultural, Patrimonio Turismo y Desarrollo o Paisajes Culturales. Destacan responsabilidades y docencias en Másteres como el de Conservación y Restauración en Patrimonio Arquitectónico, de la UPM o el de Museos y Patrimonio Histórico Artístico de la UCM, lineas de doctorado en Turismo y Desarrollo, asignaturas de grado y posgrados como Patrimonio Urbano, Paisaje Cultural y Ordenación Territorial o la gestión del patrimonio arqueológico. Así mismo la mayoría de nosotros hemos sido evaluados positivamente por el programa Docentia, y hemos participado y dirigido otros proyectos de innovación como el que se encuentra en los antecedentes a este sobre Patrimonio Cultural en CIU y el del decanato de la Fac. Geografía e Historia de Living Unilab sobre APs y ecosistemas de aprendizaje. Iniciativas con las que continuaremos participando. Pero, sin lugar a dudas, ha sido el Máster Interuniversitario Patrimonio Cultural en el S.XXI: Gestión e investigación, un motor de arranque para iniciativas conjuntas entre este equipo, a través del Campus de Excelencia Internacional, y es justo este año cuando se pone en marcha y podremos allí explorar gran parte de nuestras innovaciones recogidas en este proyecto. A estos esfuerzos se suma el alumnado: 13 estudiantes de grados y posgrados comprometidxs con la oportunidad que nos ofrece el pasado. No hay mejor aval para nuestra propuesta.The Educational Innovation Project “Cultural Heritage in Europe: a commitment for socioeconomic change from managing our past” of the Complutense University of Madrid together with the Technical University of Madrid, took advantage of the celebration of the European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018 to open new paths of transversal and multidisciplinary knowledge in the field of Cultural Heritage by applying a type of classroom teaching that would allow students to offer projects that could have an impact on society and contribute to meeting the objectives set by the European Commission for this year's celebration. From a European perspective, the project has completed a triple aspect: researcher, education and public service when working and disseminating Cultural Heritage among the population of Madrid and Europe. The work has been done on disciplines as diverse as Architecture, History, Civil Engineering, Geography, Tourism, etc. to compose from the different subjects involved a speech that will contribute to this field.Depto. de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y ArqueologíaFac. de Geografía e HistoriaFALSEAyuntamiento de Madrid/Foro de Empresas por Madridsubmitte

The polygenic basis of relapse after a first episode of schizophrenia

Little is known about genetic predisposition to relapse. Previous studies have linked cognitive and psychopathological (mainly schizophrenia and bipolar disorder) polygenic risk scores (PRS) with clinical manifestations of the disease. This study aims to explore the potential role of PRS from major mental disorders and cognition on schizophrenia relapse. 114 patients recruited in the 2EPs Project were included (56 patients who had not experienced relapse after 3 years of enrollment and 58 patients who relapsed during the 3-year follow-up). PRS for schizophrenia (PRS-SZ), bipolar disorder (PRS-BD), education attainment (PRS-EA) and cognitive performance (PRS-CP) were used to assess the genetic risk of schizophrenia relapse.Patients with higher PRS-EA, showed both a lower risk (OR=0.29, 95% CI [0.11–0.73]) and a later onset of relapse (30.96± 1.74 vs. 23.12± 1.14 months, p=0.007. Our study provides evidence that the genetic burden of neurocognitive function is a potentially predictors of relapse that could be incorporated into future risk prediction models. Moreover, appropriate treatments for cognitive symptoms appear to be important for improving the long-term clinical outcome of relapse

Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the defense against viral infections, for instance plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha (IFN-α). In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-α production, which has been associated with disease severity. In this work, we described that in addition to the DC deficiency, several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients, which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers. Remarkably, previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients, while no restoration of integrin β7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase (IDO) levels were observed. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19