L´avenir de la polotoque européenne de développment rural. Pricipaux aspects réglementaires pour la période de programmation 2014-2020

La Política de Desarrollo Rural europea, para el periodo de programación 2014-2020, busca reforzar los avances alcanzados en los anteriores periodos de programación, promover un mayor componente ambiental, al vincular sus objetivos a los de la Estrategia Europa 2020 para un crecimiento inteligente, sostenible e integrador, y una mayor cohesión territorial al vincularlos con otras políticas sectoriales. Sigue apostando por los Grupos de Acción Local como principales gestores de las operaciones y acciones a desarrollar, al mismo tiempo que se busca facilitar sus actividades mediante la financiación coordinada de los distintos fondos europeos relacionados con el desarrollo rural, la simplificación de la carga administrativa, y una mayor cooperación intra e interterritorial. En este nuevo periodo se dará un especial impulso a las medidas en sectores con perspectivas de crecimiento importante, y de carácter innovador, y a las acciones con enfoque integrado, y focalizadas en jóvenes, mujeres y grupos minoritarios.The European Rural Development Policy for the programming period 2014-2020 aims to reinforce the progress made in previous programming periods, to promote greater environmental component by linking the objectives of the Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, and greater territorial cohesion by linking with other sectorial policies. Local action groups will still be the main responsible of operations and actions. Facilitating their activities through coordinated funding of the several European funds related to rural development, reduction of administrative burden, and increasing intra and inter-regional cooperation, will be seek out. The measures in sectors with significant growth prospects, and innovative, and actions with integrated approach and focused on youth, women and minority groups, will be mainly promoted too.La politique de développement rural européenne pour la période de programmation 2014-2020, vise à renforcer les progrès réalisés au cours des périodes de programmation précédentes, promouvoir une plus grande importance de l'environnement, due au lien aux objectifs de la stratégie Europe 2020 pour une croissance intelligente, durable et inclusive, et une plus grande cohésion territoriale due au lien a d'autres politiques sectorielles. Elle continue à promouvoir les groupes d'action locaux comme principaux responsables des opérations et des actions à entreprendre, en même temps qu'elle cherche à faciliter la coordination de leurs activités grâce au financement des différents fonds européens liés au développement rural, la simplification de la charge administrative, et le renforcement de la coopération intra et interterritorial. Dans cette nouvelle période, on donnera une impulsion particulière aux mesures dans les secteurs avec les perspectives de croissance importantes, et innovante, et les actions avec une approche intégrée, et axée sur les jeunes, les femmes et les groupes minoritaires

Influence of elastomeric matrix and particle volume fraction on the mechanical response of magneto-active polymers

Magneto-active polymers (MAPs) are revolutionising the fields of material science and solid mechanics as well as having an important presence in the bioengineering community. These composites consist of a polymeric matrix (i.e., elastomer) filled with magnetic particles (i.e., iron particles). When bonded together, these two phases form a continuum solid that, under the application of an external magnetic field, mechanically reacts leading to changes in shape and volume or/and alterations in its rheological properties. Such a magneto-mechanical response is determined by the material properties of the polymeric matrix and magnetic particles. In this work, we present the mechanical characterisation of MAPs constituted by PDMS filled with carbonyl iron powder (CIP) particles. To this end, sixteen different combinations of elastomeric base/crosslinker mixing ratio (from 5:1 to 20:1) and particles' volume fraction (from 0% to 30%) are tested under tensile loading. These results are analysed and provide the bases for the formulation of a nonlinear constitutive model that accounts for these dependencies. The modelling approach is extended to incorporate magneto-mechanical effects. Finally, the complete model is used to provide theoretical guidance for magneto-active systems, highlighting potential applications in epithelial wound healing stimulation.DGG, DV and MAM acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 947723,project: 4D-BIOMAP). The authors acknowledge support from Programa de Apoyo a la Realización de Proyectos Interdisciplinares deI+D para Jóvenes Investigadores de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid and Comunidad de Madrid, Spain (project: BIOMASKIN). DGG acknowledges support from the Talent Attraction grant (CM 2018 -2018-T2/IND-9992) from the Comunidad de Madrid and MAM acknowledges support from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Spain (FPU19/03874)

Analysis of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Mud Brick Enhanced with Asphalt Recycling

Introduction: In this work we have carried out a physical and mechanical analysis of the improvement of the material of mud brick (in Colombia it is known as "Adobe") with recycled asphalt. Objective: Evaluate in the laboratory, the behavior of the material of mud brick with the addition of recycled asphalt. Method: In order to meet the objective, quantitative research was conducted to characterize the physical evidence by analysis of particle size and density. The same tests characterize the mechanical strength in mud brick blocks, built with zero, two, four and eight percent recycled asphalt doses. It is based on laboratory testing Results:  According to the results obtained in the tests, mechanical properties, such as resistance to compression and bending were improve, adding recycled asphalt to Mud brick and in comparison with samples without content of asphalt. Conclusions: The mud bricks stabilized with two percent of recycled asphalt have the best performance in compressive and flexural strength according to laboratory testing.Introduction: In this work we have carried out a physical and mechanical analysis of the improvement of the material of mud brick (in Colombia it is known as "Adobe") with recycled asphalt. Objective: Evaluate in the laboratory, the behavior of the material of mud brick with the addition of recycled asphalt. Method: In order to meet the objective, quantitative research was conducted to characterize the physical evidence by analysis of particle size and density. The same tests characterize the mechanical strength in mud brick blocks, built with zero, two, four and eight percent recycled asphalt doses. It is based on laboratory testing Results:  According to the results obtained in the tests, mechanical properties, such as resistance to compression and bending were improve, adding recycled asphalt to Mud brick and in comparison with samples without content of asphalt. Conclusions: The mud bricks stabilized with two percent of recycled asphalt have the best performance in compressive and flexural strength according to laboratory testing

Influencia de los Cómics en Procesos de Inclusión y Exclusión en el Ámbito Educativo

Este artículo es el resultado de la investigación acerca de La influencia de los cómics en los procesos de inclusión y exclusión (2015-2016) en la ciudad de Pereira, investigación en la que se evidencia cómo el cómic es una herramienta propicia para el proceso de inclusión en el aula y para cuyo fin se realiza un recorrido por trabajos similares, en los que el cómic, la inclusión, la exclusión, la educación y el método autobiográfico han sido sus pilares. De igual forma se lleva a cabo una serie de lecturas sobre exponentes de los temas aquí referidos para generar los conceptos que serán utilizados en el presente escrito. Además, y como punto de cierre, se implementa la metodología cualitativa con enfoque autobiográfico de la que participan los tres docentes investigadores. Y se presentan los hallazgos, recomendaciones y conclusiones, en espera de una respuesta final que sirva como herramienta para que otras victimas de exclusión en el aula puedan incluirse

Agenda 2030 y objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Parte I: Conocimientos básicos para alumnos[ES] La Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible (A2030), sus 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), y sus 169 metas, aspiran a erradicar la pobreza y “tratar de hacer realidad los derechos humanos de todos y lograr la igualdad de género”. Su lema más conocido, “no dejar a nadie atrás” (“leaving no one behind”), pone el acento en la situación de marginación, pobreza, falta de oportunidades, profunda desigualdad, etc., que padecen miles de millones de personas en el mundo −fundamentalmente en el Sur global−, en el empoderamiento de las mujeres y en la necesidad de mejorar el bienestar de los grupos más vulnerables −infancia, jóvenes, personas con discapacidad, mayores, refugiados, desplazados internos, migrantes, etc-. Por su parte, los ODS (Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs por sus siglas en inglés), fueron adoptados por todos los Estados miembros de las Naciones Unidas (NNUU) en la cumbre de 2015 como un llamamiento universal a la acción para garantizar que todas las personas disfruten de paz y prosperidad, proteger el planeta y garantizar el fin de la pobreza extrema; todo ello antes de 2030

New experimental insights into magneto-mechanical rate dependences of magnetorheological elastomers

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs), consisting of an elastomeric matrix filled with magnetic particles, are one of the most promising multifunctional composites. The main advantage of these materials is their response to external magnetic fields by mechanically deforming and/or changing their magnetorheological properties. This multi-physical nature makes them ideal candidates for timely applications in soft robotics and bioengineering. Although several works have addressed the magneto-mechanical coupling in these composites from both experimental and modelling approaches, there is still a big gap of knowledge preventing the full understanding of their underlying physics. In this regard, there is no experimental work addressing a comprehensive magneto-mechanical characterisation combining different MRE configurations, mechanical deformation modes and magnetic conditions. Furthermore, the interplays of rate dependences into such magnetorheological behaviour still remain elusive. In this work, we provide an unprecedented experimental characterisation of a soft MRE considering more than 100 different experimental conditions involving more than 600 tests. The experiments include monotonous uniaxial compression at different deformation rates and magnetic conditions, magneto-mechanical DMA tests, relaxation tests, oscillatory shear tests at different deformation rates and magnetic conditions, magneto-mechanical shear frequency sweep tests, and novel magneto-mechanical experiments. The results obtained in this work provide full characterisation of soft MREs with a special focus on rate dependences, forming the basis to explain novel multifunctional mechanisms identified behind their coupled response. In addition, it opens the door to new constitutive and modelling approaches.The authors acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 947723, project: 4D-BIOMAP). MAM acknowledges support from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Spain (FPU19/03874) and DGG acknowledges support from the Talent Attraction grant (CM 2018 - 2018-T2/IND-9992) from the Comunidad de Madri

Analysis of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Mud Brick Enhanced with Asphalt Recycling

Introduction: In this work we have carried out a physical and mechanical analysis of the improvement of the material of mud brick (in Colombia it is known as "Adobe") with recycled asphalt. Objective: Evaluate in the laboratory, the behavior of the material of mud brick with the addition of recycled asphalt. Method: In order to meet the objective, quantitative research was conducted to characterize the physical evidence by analysis of particle size and density. The same tests characterize the mechanical strength in mud brick blocks, built with zero, two, four and eight percent recycled asphalt doses. It is based on laboratory testing Results:  According to the results obtained in the tests, mechanical properties, such as resistance to compression and bending were improve, adding recycled asphalt to Mud brick and in comparison with samples without content of asphalt. Conclusions: The mud bricks stabilized with two percent of recycled asphalt have the best performance in compressive and flexural strength according to laboratory testing.Introduction: In this work we have carried out a physical and mechanical analysis of the improvement of the material of mud brick (in Colombia it is known as "Adobe") with recycled asphalt. Objective: Evaluate in the laboratory, the behavior of the material of mud brick with the addition of recycled asphalt. Method: In order to meet the objective, quantitative research was conducted to characterize the physical evidence by analysis of particle size and density. The same tests characterize the mechanical strength in mud brick blocks, built with zero, two, four and eight percent recycled asphalt doses. It is based on laboratory testing Results:  According to the results obtained in the tests, mechanical properties, such as resistance to compression and bending were improve, adding recycled asphalt to Mud brick and in comparison with samples without content of asphalt. Conclusions: The mud bricks stabilized with two percent of recycled asphalt have the best performance in compressive and flexural strength according to laboratory testing

Four-channel self-compensating single-slope ADC for space environments

A multichannel high-resolution single-slope analogue-to-digital converter (SS ADC) is presented that automatically compensates for process, voltage and temperature variations, as well as for radiation effects, in order to be used in extreme environmental conditions. The design combines an efficient implementation by using a feedback loop that ensures an inherently monotonic and very accurate ramp generation, with high levels of configurability in terms of resolution and conversion rate, as well as input voltage range. The SS ADC was designed in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS technology. Experimental measurements of the performance and stability against radiation and temperature are presented to verify the proposed approach

A Front-End ASIC for a 3-D Magnetometer for Space Applications by Using Anisotropic Magnetoresistors

This paper presents an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) aimed for an alternative design of a digital 3-D magnetometer for space applications, with a significant reduction in mass and volume while maintaining a high sensitivity. The proposed system uses magnetic field sensors based on anisotropic magnetoresistances and a rad-hard mixed-signal ASIC designed in a standard 0.35 μm CMOS technology. The ASIC performs sensor-signal conditioning and analogue-to-digital conversion, and handles calibration tasks, system configuration, and communication with the outside. The proposed system provides high sensitivity to low magnetic fields, down to 3 nT, while offering a small and reliable solution under extreme environmental conditions in terms of radiation and temperature.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación AYA2011-29967-C05-05, AYA2009-14212-C05-04, AYA2008-06420-C04-0