From the classroom to an opinion note: complementary analysis of the genetic structure of the neotropical tree manilkara zapota (L) P. Royen (Sapotaceae)

Here, we describe a learning strategy that results an excellent choice for a first approach of students to produce scientific knowledge that can be confronted in the scientific field as well as recognize in this knowledge the transferability to the natural resources management. Nowadays, the availability of several Population Genetics software together with public molecular database represents a valuable tool of great assistance for teachers of this discipline. In this way, we implemented a lecture where the students worked with empirical data set from a recent published article. The students joined theoretical concepts learned, computational software free available and empirical data set. The development of the activity comprised four steps: i) estimate population genetics parameters using software recommended by teachers, ii) understand results in a biological sense, iii) read the original manuscript from dataset authors and iv) compare both results in a comprehensive way. The students assumed the challenge under a reflective look and they kept a very fruitful discussion playing a role of population geneticists. Their exchange of ideas allowed them arrive to the conclusion that Manilkara zapota populations keep high levels of genetic diversity, although Ancient Maya left traces in the genetic makeup of these non-native populations with different management histories.Fil: Barrandeguy, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Sanabria, Daiana Jimena. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Laboratorio de Biología Molecular Aplicada; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: García, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; Argentin

Diseño de operaciones para el montaje de una plataforma logística en el Oriente Antioqueño

Este documento se elabora con el propósito de presentar el trabajo Final de Proyecto de Grado como requisito que tiene la Universidad Militar a través de su Oficina de posgrados de la Facultad de Ingeniería, para optar el titulo como Especialista en Gerencia Logística Integral, el trabajo se desarrolla bajo la tutoría del Ingeniero Especialista Tirso Forigua Hincapié, Docente de la Universidad y Asesoría Metodológica del Ingeniero Especialista Pedro Antonio Sánchez. El Diseño de Operaciones para el Montaje de una Plataforma Logística en El Oriente Antioqueño tiene como propósito fundamental la elaboración de un documento que desarrolla la propuesta de una infraestructura que gestione el almacenamiento, inventarios y distribución de mercancías optimizando recursos para el abastecimiento con los principios de oportunidad, entrega a tiempo, costos razonables, calidad y cantidad para las cadenas productivas del Oriente Antioqueño

Procesos de culturización del dolor

La cultura tiene una gran importancia en la etiología del dolor y la enfermedad. Para estudiarlos en una población necesitamos conocer y entender su cultura y ver cómo las circunstancias socioculturales a las que se enfrentan cuando acceden a la medicina científica le exigen al inmigrante una reelaboración de sus valores y una adaptación al nuevo medio, ya que su concepción de salud se ve alterada. Analizaremos casos de vivencias del dolor como por ejemplo el dolor que sienten en el momento del parto mujeres de distintas culturas y la aparición de temor y ansiedad en cada una de ellas

Asterocheres hirsutus, a new species of parasitic copepod (Siphonostomatoida : Asterocheridae) associated with an Antarctic hexactinellid sponge

The asterocherid siphonostomatoid copepod Asterocheres hirsutus, a new species, is described from a hexactinellid sponge of the genus Rossella Carter collected during the Polastern cruise ANT XVII/3, off South Shetland Islands. The distinctive features of this new species are: a female with 21-segmented and a male with 17-segmented antennules, praecoxal endite of maxillule more than four times longer than palp and the ornamentation of the posterior surface of legs 1–4. A detailed description of both sexes is presented

A regression approach to estimate the relative roles of pollen-versus seed-mediated gene flow under an isolation by distance model

In the present work, a new estimator to be known as rIBD is proposed. The proposed estimator indirectly quantifies the relative role of gene flow mediated by pollen in relation to the gene flow mediated by seeds in hermaphrodite angiosperm species when an isolation by distance model is assumed. The proposed estimator complements the well-known estimator proposed by Ennos, which is appropriate for studies under the island model. In the present work, the proposed rIBD index was used to analyze microsatellite data from uni- and biparentally inherited genomes generated by simulations, as well as for the analysis of an empirical data set obtained from public databases of forest tree species. The differences in median values of the proposed rIBD index for simulated data using the Stepping Stone Model and Truncated Pareto Distribution Model coincided with the magnitude expected in terms of differences between levels of pollen and seed dispersion previously established in the simulations. In empirical data, the proposed rIBD index shows lower levels of gene flow by seed versus gene flow by pollen, the ratio between them being three times lower than the ratio obtained by the Ennos index estimated under the island model. From the analyses carried out, it is feasible to consider the rIBD index as a suitable estimator of the role of gene flow by seeds in relation to gene flow by pollen under isolation by distance.Fil: Barrandeguy, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: García, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales; Argentin

Quantifying genetic diversity: the starting point for population genetic studies using molecular markers

Natural populations must keep genetic diversity since it is essential for the long-term survival of species and provides the raw material for all evolutionary changes.The emergence of marker systems has, for the last 40 years, closely tracked developments in biochemistry and molecular biology. Morphological markers were largely supplanted by biochemical markers and the latest markers were supplanted by the development of markers based on DNA polymorphisms. A molecular marker is in essence a nucleotide sequence corresponding to a particular known or unknown physical location in the genome.Genetic diversity represents the total genetic variation among individuals within a population. Over the years an evolution in the understanding of genetic diversity quantification can be perceived. In order to know the evolution in this understanding we surveyed the archives of the prestigious scientific journal Heredity. Population genetics was born mainly as a theoretical science. Protein electrophoresis produced data that could be interpreted using the language and perspective of traditional population genetic theory and it allowed that population genetic become in an empirical science. The field of empirical population genetics started to be preoccupied with characterizing and quantifying genetic variation. Now this view is evolving and the impact of population genetics increased considerably in almost all fields of biology. We could conclude that estimation of genetic diversity was the goal of several studies per se twenty years ago. However, quantification of genetic diversity is nowadays an obligatory step in population genetic studies regardless of the main aim of these studies.Fil: Barrandeguy, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical; ArgentinaFil: García, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical; Argentin

Aplicaciones de la teledetección en Geografía Física. Universidad Complutense de Madrid

En este trabajo sintetizamos los artículos publicado en revistas y los proyectos de investigación de varios profesores del área de Geografía Física de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, en los que se ha utilizado la teledetección como herrramienta fundamental para estudios del medio físico. Las líneas de investigación se centran en los campos de climatología, microclimatología, humedales, geomorfología, suelos y cambios de usos del suelo. Para efectuar estas investigaciones se han manejado principalmente imágenes de los satélites Landsat y NOAA, con especial énfasis en los estudios multitemporales.[ABSTRACT]In this paper we synthesize the articles published in national and international journals and research projects of several professors in the area of Physical Geography at the Complutense University of Madrid in which remote sensing has been used as fundamental tools for studies of the physical environment. The research focuses on the fields of climatology, microclimatology, wetlands, geomorphology, soils and land use changes. To perform these investigations have been handled mainly images of Landsat and NOAA satellites, with special emphasis on multi-temporal studies

Révision de le concept de l'imperméabilisation des sols et proposition de typologie urbaine

The aim of this paper is to review the concept of soil sealing and highlight the different methodological approaches used in the EU and especially in Spain. The soil sealing concept has developed from merely physical standpoint (compacted and impermeable soil) to be considered a serious anthropogenic environmental problem, and with mitigation options, as they destroy the vital functions of soil and adversely modifies the ecosystem. This paper proposes unifying methodological criteria, highlighting at least the area affected by territorial unit (municipality, autonomous community, region or country) and most convenient scale in each case. Considering the impact of soil sealing on the environment are proposed typologies for differentiating large cities, from the more invasive to the best adapted to the environment.El objetivo del trabajo es revisar el concepto de sellado de suelo y destacar los diferentes enfoques metodológicos utilizados en la U.E. y especialmente en España. El concepto de sellado de suelo ha evolucionado desde el punto de vista meramente físico (suelo compactado e impermeable) hasta considerarse un grave problema medioambiental, de origen antrópico, y como tal, con posibilidades de mitigación, pues se destruyen las funciones vitales del suelo y se modifica negativamente el ecosistema. Este trabajo propone unificar criterios metodológicos, destacando al menos la superficie afectada por unidad territorial (municipio, comunidad autónoma, región o país) y señalar la escala de trabajo más conveniente en cada caso. Atendiendo al impacto del sellado de suelos en el medioambiente se proponen diferenciar tipologías para grandes ciudades, desde las más invasivas a las de mejor adaptación con el entorno.L'objectif de cet article est d'examiner le concept de l'imperméabilisation des sols et mettre en évidence les différentes approches méthodologiques utilisées dans l'UE et surtout en Espagne. Le concept de l'imperméabilisation des sols a évolué de la simple point de vue physique (sol compacté et imperméable) pour être considéré comme un grave problème environnemental, d'origine anthropique, et comme, options d'atténuation, car ils détruisent les fonctions vitales du sol et modifie négativement l'écosystème. Ce document propose des critères méthodologiques unifier, mettant en évidence au moins la zone affectée par unité territoriale (commune, communauté autonome, région ou pays) et le point sur le niveau de travail plus pratique dans chaque cas. Compte tenu de l'impact de l'imperméabilisation des sols sur l'environnement sont proposées typologies permettant de différencier les grandes villes, à partir de la plus invasive pour le meilleur ajustement à l'environnement

A unifying study of phenotypic and molecular genetic variability in natural populations of Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil from Yungas and Paranaense biogeographic provinces in Argentina

Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil is a native tree species in the South American subtropical forests that is discontinuously distributed. Thirteen quantitative traits and eight nuclear microsatellite loci were examined in individuals from two biogeographic provinces of Argentina in order to determine the number and composition of genetically distinguishable groups of individuals and explore possible spatial patterns of thephenotypic and genetic variability. Means of reproductive traits were higher in the Yungas than in the Paranaense biogeographic province whereas five out of eight non-reproductive quantitative traits showed higher mean values in the latter. Variance coefficients were moderate, and Analyses of Variance resulted in significant differences between and within provinces. Three clusters were defined based on spatial model for cluster membership for quantitative traits. One cluster grouped the individuals from the Paranaense biogeographic province whereas the individuals from the Yungas biogeographic province grouped regarding its population of origin. Parameters of molecular genetic variability showed higher values in the Yungas than in the Paranaense biogeographic province. Observed heterozygosity was lower than expected heterozygosity in both biogeographic provinces indicating an excess of homozygosity. The homozygosity test by Watterson and the exact test by Slatkin suggested diversifying selection for locus Ac41.1. Bayesian clustering spatial model for microsatellites loci data were performed for both all loci and all loci excluding locus Ac41.1. In both analyses two clusters were inferred. AMOVAs revealed similar results for all genotypes and for all genotypes defined excluding locus Ac41.1. Most of the total variance is attributable to genetic variation within clusters. The presence of homogeneous clusters was detected for both the phenotypic and molecular genetic variability. Two Bayesian clustering analyses were performed according to molecular genetic data, and two clusters were inferred. Individuals were assigned to their provinces of origin. Genetic molecular variation was higher in the populations of the Yungas biogeographic province which translates in highly qualified populations for conservation. Populations from the Paranaense biogeographic province showed the highest mean value of number of seeds per fruit making them valuable as well with regard to the exploitation of management strategies as a means to recover the impacted areas where these populations are located.Fil: García, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Prinz, Kathleen. Universität Göttingen; Alemania. Universitat Jena; AlemaniaFil: Barrandeguy, Maria Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Miretti, Marcos Mateo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Finkeldey, Reiner. Universitat Jena; Alemani