Publishing performance in economics: Spanish rankings (1990-1999)

This paper contributes to the growing literature that analyses the Spanish publishing performance in Economics throughout the 1990s. Several bibliometric indicators are used in order to provide Spanish rankings (of both institutions and individual authors) based on Econlit journals. Further, lists of the ten most influential authors and articles over that period, in terms of citations, are reported.Publicad

Reestructuración de la GUI y de los algoritmos de correlación de curvas para un sistema CBIR

This thesis presents a system for recognizing individual elephants. This work has been done in collaboration with a group of researchers from the Department of Zoology of University La Sapienza, which deals with the study of the behavior of the specie. Being able to identify different specimens within a group is to study the characteristics (habits, movements, life expectancy etc.). To date, this recognition takes place by observing and comparing the photos taken in African parks in different periods. This stage is increasingly made more difficult by the fact that individuals differ among themselves for very few details. One of these is the presence of nicks on their ears. The shape and position of nicks appears to have been a distinctive feature almost like fingerprints for mankind. Figure 1 shows an example of two individuals distinguished by the different shape of the profile of the ear. The aim was to create a system that automates this process of recognition. The initial system was created by A. Ardovini. In this second version of the system a new algorithm has been implemented that allows for greater automation of the process. Consequently, some aspects of the GUI have changed, resulting in a more user-friendly interface. The system presented here extracts the profile of the ear identifying the nicks and, through a technique of edge-matching, profiles most similar to it are selected from the database. The process of recognition of an individual is composed of four basic steps. The first step consists in the extraction of the profile of the individual through a semi-automatic edge-detection operation, and the selection of nicks in the profile itself. The nicks selected become part of a vector query. In the next step all profiles in the database corresponding to the same side of the query are considered. These profiles must have at least one nick in a position similar to one of those of the profile input. The third step is to compare the query curves with the edge of the profiles previously selected. The last step allows the extraction of a final ranking of N individuals based on their similarity with the profile input. This thesis is organized as follows. In chapter 2 some existing methods in literature are introduced. In chapter 3 some existing systems are reviewed, and particularly the work whose approach is the closest to our system is presented in greater depth. In chapter 4 the architecture of the proposed system is described. Chapter 5 presents the database structure and methods of insertion. In chapter 6 the experimental results are presented and finally in chapter 7 an example of the use of our system is showed. _______________________________________________________________________________Esta tesis presenta un sistema para el reconocimiento de elefantes. Este trabajo ha sido realizado en colaboración con un grupo de investigadores del Departamento de Zoología de la Universidad La Sapienza, que trata del estudio del comportamiento de la especie. Ser capaz de identificar diferentes especímenes dentro de un grupo es estudiar las características (hábitos, movimientos, esperanza de vida, etc). Hasta la fecha, este reconocimiento se lleva a cabo mediante la observación y la comparación de las fotos tomadas en los parques africanos en diferentes períodos. Esta etapa es cada vez más difícil por el hecho de que los individuos difieren entre sí por muy pocos detalles. Una de ellas es la presencia de muescas en las orejas. La forma y posición de dichas muescas parece ser un rasgo distintivo casi como las huellas dactilares para los humanos. El objetivo era crear un sistema que automatizase este proceso de reconocimiento. El sistema inicial fue creado por A. Ardovini. En esta segunda versión del sistema se ha aplicado un nuevo algoritmo que permite una mayor automatización del proceso. En consecuencia, algunos aspectos de la interfaz gráfica de usuario han cambiado, resultando en una interfaz más eficaz y amigable. El sistema que se muestra aquí extrae el perfil de la oreja, identificando los cortes y, a través de una técnica de correlación de bordes son seleccionados los perfiles de la base de datos más similares a cada oreja. El proceso de reconocimiento de un individuo se compone de cuatro pasos básicos. El primer paso consiste en la extracción del perfil del individuo a través de un operación de detección de bordes semi-automática, y la selección de las muescas de dicho perfil. Las muescas seleccionadas pasan a formar parte de un vector de consulta. En el siguiente paso todos los perfiles de la base de datos correspondiente al mismo lado de la consulta se consideran. Estos perfiles deben tener al menos una muesca en una posición similar a una de las de la entrada del perfil. El tercer paso es comparar las curvas de consulta con el borde de los perfiles previamente seleccionados. El último paso permite la extracción de una clasificación final de N individuos sobre la base de su similitud con la entrada de perfil.Ingeniería en Informátic

La protección de la infancia frente a la pornografía infantil

La normativa internacional, con especial incidencia en Directiva 2011/92/UE, de 13 de diciembre de 2011, relativa a la lucha contra los abusos sexuales y la explotación sexual de los menores y la pornografía infantil; y la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo, en el intento de definir conceptos y esclarecer los tipos penales. Otros aspectos que se examinarán son, el consentimiento sexual, su consideración en los supuestos de relaciones consentidas entre menores de edad; el estatuto de la víctima de pornografía infantil en el marco de la Directiva, con referencia al papel del Ministerio Fiscal; Grooming, su relación con las redes sociales, y el bloqueo de Internet, Blocking.International law, with special emphasis on 2011/92/UE Directive, of 13 December 2011, on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography; and the Supreme Courts jurisprudence, in the attempt to define concepts and clarify the criminal types. Other issues to be discussed are sexual consent, consideration in cases of relations between consenting minors; the standing of victims of child pornography under the Directive 2011, with reference to the Prosecutor´s role. Grooming, the relationship with social Networks, and Internet blocking

El estudio de caracteres objetivos para la estimación de la edad en individuos inmaduros de una colección osteológica documentada procedente de Granada (cementerio de San José, s. XIX-XXI)

Dissertação de mestrado em Evolução e Biología Humanas, apresentada ao Departamento de Ciências da Vida da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de CoimbraEl estudio de las poblaciones del pasado se ha visto condicionado históricamente por una serie de limitaciones de diversa índole, especialmente en aquellos individuos que no han completado su desarrollo osteológico, conocidos como inmaduros. Este trabajo se centra en el estudio de los restos de los individuos de edades más tempranas, cuya edad de muerte se encuentra en torno al momento del nacimiento, denominados genéricamente perinatales. Su estudio puede aportar una importante cantidad de información, tanto en el ámbito de las poblaciones del pasado como en estudios de Antropología forense. Se ha realizado una revisión de algunos métodos empleados hasta hoy para el análisis de la edad de muerte de individuos perinatales, y se propone la utilización de caracteres objetivos que posibiliten una clasificación y estudio más precisos de estos individuos. El presente trabajo parte de las conclusiones obtenidas en estudios anteriores (López, 2009) y se centra en el análisis de las medidas de la pars basilaris del hueso occipital, y su relación con el estado de desarrollo de los individuos inmaduros. Para ello, se ha utilizado la colección osteológica documentada procedente del cementerio de San José (Granada, S. XIX-XXI), ya que reúne los requisitos necesarios para realizar el estudio y comprobar la validez de estas estructuras como caracteres objetivos de determinación de la edad. Han sido analizadas las tres medidas de la pars basilaris descritas hasta la fecha (longitud máxima, longitud sagital y anchura máxima) y se han propuesto diez nuevas medidas. Se ha realizado un análisis estadístico de las mismas, y se han obtenido las ecuaciones de regresión para cada una, comprobando su correlación con el estado de desarrollo de los individuos. Así mismo, se ha realizado un análisis complementario utilizando metodologías como la morfometría geométrica y el Análisis de Matrices de Distancias Euclídeas (EDMA), para comprobar los resultados obtenidos.The study of populations from the past has been historically conditioned by an amount of limitations, especially on those individuals who haven't completed their osteological development, known as immatures. The present work focuses on the study of the most immature individuals, whose death has occurred near birth, also known as perinatals. Studying their remains can provide a lot of information about populations from the past, and forensic studies. It has been done a revision of some methods used so far to analyze the age estimation from perinatal remains. Also, we purpose the use of objective characters to make a classification and study more accurate of this individuals. This work assumes the results shown on previous studies (López, 2009). It focuses on the metric analysis of the pars basilaris from the occipital bone, and its relationship with developmental stage of immature individuals. For analyzing this characters, it has been studied the perinatal remains of the osteological collection from the cemetery of San José (Granada, s. XX-XXI). This collection has the necessary requirements to do the study and prove the validity of these structures as objective characters. We have analyzed the three measurements from the pars basilaris described on previous works (maximum length, sagital length, width), and we have purposed ten new measurements. It has been made a statistical analysis of the data, obtaining the regression equations for each measure, checking their relationship with developmental age of the individuals. Likewise, it has been done a complementary analysis using alternative methods, like Geometric Morphometrics and EDMA, in order to check the results

El estudio de las poblaciones del pasado a través de los restos óseos: estructura de la mortalidad en restos humanos perinatales

Proyecto fin de carrera en Biología Evolutiva y Biodiversida

Publishing performance in economics: Spanish rankings (1990-1999).

This paper contributes to the growing literature that analyses the Spanish publishing performance in Economics throughout the 1990s. Several bibliometric indicators are used in order to provide Spanish rankings (of both institutions and individual authors) based on Econlit journals. Further, lists of the ten most influential authors and articles over that period, in terms of citations, are reported.Rankings; economics; Bibliometric indicators;

RESEARCH IN ECONOMICS IN SPAIN: RANKINGS OF INSTITUTIONS AND AUTHORS

In this paper we analyse the research in Economics in Spain during the 1990s considering the contributions of both Spanish and foreign economist who have worked in Spain during that period. To do so, we use different bibliometric indicators in order to elaborate rankings for both institutions and researchers. These rankings can be useful for several potentials users such as: a) Evaluation Agencies and Funding Bodies to help them in grant-allocation decisions; b) Graduate students who whish to choose the right institution to complete their postgraduate education, and c) Young Ph Ds who have entered the academic job market and need information about the research perfomance of different institutions.

Complementarity between CSR dimensions and innovation: behaviour, objective or both?

This research assesses the impact of combining the economic, social and environmental dimensions of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) on firm innovation. In particular, we test whether the three dimensions of CSR (economic, social and environmental) are interrelated (behavioural complementarity), and whether their joined adoption will generate super-additive innovation performance effects (objective complementarity). To that end, we draw on the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) for Spain during the period 2009-2014. The analyses confirm behavioural complementarity among the three dimensions of CSR, as well as differences on objective complementarities depending on the innovation performance measure considered. In particular, the combination of the social dimension with any of the two others (economic and environmental) is the one that gives the best results in terms of radical innovation, whereas both the economic and environmental dimensions of CSR seem to be fundamental to foster incremental innovation. These results have implications for academics and practitioners, since they provide useful guidelines for the design of CSR in order to enhance firm innovation

Political Interest among European Youth with and without an Immigrant Background

Our article investigates political engagement among youth with and without an immigration background. Tapping to current debates on intergenerational assimilation processes in Europe, we look at differences in levels of political interest between immigrants, children of immigrants and natives. In particular, we argue that such differences are a function of respondents’ identification with the receiving society. We predict that among respondents with an immigrant background higher levels of national identification will be positively correlated with political interest. Among natives, political interest will not depend on levels of national identification. These expectations reflect the ideas of the social identity perspective according to which group identification increases adherence to group norms and adherence to norms is stronger among individuals who suffer from identity uncertainty. We test our model in four European countries: England, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden, using data from the CILS4EU project. Our findings indicate that interest in the politics of the survey country differs between respondents with and without an immigrant background. Respondents with an immigrant background who also have a strong national identification are more likely to report a political interest than natives. Respondents with an immigrant background who have a low national identification, are less likely to report a political interest than natives. The findings also reveal that political discussions at home and associationism positively predict political interest whereas girls show significantly lower odds to be politically interested