Managing coastal environments under climate change: pathways to adaptation

This paper deals with the question of how to manage vulnerable coastal systems so as to make them sustainable under present and future climates. This is interpreted in terms of the coastal functionality, mainly natural services and support for socio-economic activities. From here we discuss how to adapt for long term trends and for short terms episodic events using the DPSIR framework. The analysis is presented for coastal archetypes from Spain, Ireland and Romania, sweeping a range of meteo-oceanographic and socio-economic pressures, resulting in a wide range of fluxes among them those related to sediment. The analysis emphasizes the variables that provide a higher level of robustness. That means mean sea level for physical factors and population density for human factors. For each of the studied cases high and low sustainability practices, based on stakeholders preferences, are considered and discussed. This allows proposing alternatives and carrying out an integrated assessment in the last section of the paper. This assessment permits building a sequence of interventions called adaptation pathway that enhances the natural resilience of the studied coastal systems and therefore increases their sustainability under present and future conditions.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Impacts of sea-level rise-induced erosion on the Catalan coast

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-016-1052-xThe Catalan coast as most of the developed Mediterranean coastal zone is characterized by the coincidence of stresses and pressures on the natural system with a high exposure and low adaptive capacity. Due to this, climate change-induced effects will increase natural hazards and aggravate their associated impacts and, in consequence, it is necessary to assess their effects for proper long-term management. In this work, we assess the impact of sea-level rise (SLR)-induced shoreline retreat on the Catalan coast for three scenarios ranging from 0.53 to 1.75 m by the year 2100. Implications are analysed in terms of affectation of two main functions provided by beaches, i.e. recreation and protection. Obtained results show that CC will be a serious threat to analysed functions since the expected enhanced shoreline retreat will severely decrease the recreational carrying capacity and the capacity of protection in the near future under tested scenarios. The actual level of development along the coastal zone reduces the natural resilient capacity of beaches to SLR in such a way that the lack of accommodation space can be identified as a main factor for the estimated impacts.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Exofucosylation of adipose mesenchymal stromal cells alters their secretome profile

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) constitute the cell type more frequently used in many regenerative medicine approaches due to their exclusive immunomodulatory properties, and they have been reported to mediate profound immunomodulatory effects in vivo. Nevertheless, MSCs do not express essential adhesion molecules actively involved in cell migration, a phenotypic feature that hampers their ability to home inflamed tissues following intravenous administration. In this study, we investigated whether modification by fucosylation of murine AdMSCs (mAdMSCs) creates Hematopoietic Cell E-/L-selectin Ligand, the E-selectin-binding CD44 glycoform. This cell surface glycan modification of CD44 has previously shown in preclinical studies to favor trafficking of mAdMSCs to inflamed or injured peripheral tissues. We analyzed the impact that exofucosylation could have in other innate phenotypic and functional properties of MSCs. Compared to unmodified counterparts, fucosylated mAdMSCs demonstrated higher in vitro migration, an altered secretome pattern, including increased expression and secretion of anti-inflammatory molecules, and a higher capacity to inhibit mitogenstimulated splenocyte proliferation under standard culture conditions. Together, these findings indicate that exofucosylation could represent a suitable cell engineering strategy, not only to facilitate the in vivo MSC colonization of damaged tissues after systemic administration, but also to convert MSCs in a more potent immunomodulatory/antiinflammatory cell therapy-based product for the treatment of a variety of autoimmune, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases

Assessment of Exercise Capacity in Post-COVID-19 Patients: How Is the Appropriate Test Chosen?

There is a wide range of sequelae affecting COVID-19 survivors, including impaired physical capacity. These sequelae can affect the quality of life and return to work of the active population. Therefore, one of the pillars of following-up is the evaluation of physical capacity, which can be assessed with field tests (such as the six-minute walk test, the one-minute standing test, the Chester step test, and the shuttle walking test) or laboratory tests (such as the cardiopulmonary exercise test). These tests can be performed in different contexts and have amply demonstrated their usefulness in the assessment of physical capacity both in post-COVID-19 patients and in other chronic respiratory, metabolic, cardiologic, or neurologic diseases. However, when traditional tests cannot be performed, physical function can be a good substitute, especially for assessing the effects of an intervention. For example, the Short Physical Performance Battery assessment and the Timed Up and Go assessment are widely accepted in older adults. Thus, the test should be chosen according to the characteristics of each subject

White muscle disease in three selenium deficient beef and dairy calves in Argentina and Uruguay

White muscle disease (WMD), nutritional myodegeneration or enzootic muscular dystrophy, is a nutritional condition associated with selenium and/or vitamin E deficiency in ruminants. These elements are constituents of the major body antioxidant systems. Depletion of selenium results in oxidative damage to cardiac and skeletal muscle cells, resulting in myodegeneration and myonecrosis, typical lesions of WMD. Selenium deficiency is common in South America, but WMD is underreported. This research describes clinical, biochemical and pathological findings in two episodes of WMD associated with selenium deficiency in beef and dairy calves in Argentina and Uruguay with concurrent copper deficiency in one of them, which resulted in spontaneous calf mortality. Further studies are necessary to estimate the true incidence and economic impact of clinical and subclinical mineral deficiencies in livestock production systems in the southern cone of South America.Doença do músculo branco (DMB), miodegeneração nutricional ou distrofia muscular enzoótica é uma condição nutricional associada à deficiência de selênio e/ou vitamina E em ruminantes. Esses elementos são constituintes dos principais sistemas antioxidantes do corpo. O esgotamento de selênio resulta em dano oxidativo às células musculares cardíacas e esqueléticas, resultando em miodegeneração e mionecrose, lesões típicas da DMB. A deficiência de selênio é comum na América do Sul, mas a DMB está subnotificada. Este trabalho descreve os achados clínicos, bioquímicos e patológicos em dois surtos de DMB associados à deficiência de selênio em bezerros para carne e leite na Argentina e Uruguai com concomitante deficiência de cobre em um surto, que resultaram em mortalidade espontânea de bezerros. São necessários mais estudos para estimar a verdadeira incidência e impacto econômico das deficiências minerais clínicas e subclínicas nos sistemas de produção pecuária no sul da América do Sul.EEA Cuenca del SaladoFil: Rodriguez, Alejandro Martin. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Schild, Carlos Omar. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), La Estanzuela; UruguayFil: Canton, German Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Riet‐Correa, Franklin. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), La Estanzuela; UruguayFil: Armendano, Joaquín Ignacio. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Caffarena, Rubén Dario. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), La Estanzuela; UruguayFil: Brambilla, Emilio Cesar. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: García, Juan Agustín. Universidad de la República. Centro Universitario Regional Este; UruguayFil: Morrell, Eleonora Lidia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Poppenga, Robert. University of California at Davis. School of Veterinary Medicine. California Animal Health and Food Safety (CAHFS). Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Giannitti, Federico. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), La Estanzuela; Uruguay. University of Minnesota. College of Veterinary Medicine. Veterinary Population Medicine Department; Estados Unido

Circulating Cell Biomarkers in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Relationship with Clinical Heterogeneity and Therapeutic Response

Background: Endothelial dysfunction is central to PAH. In this study, we simultaneously analysed circulating levels of endothelial microvesicles (EMVs) and progenitor cells (PCs) in PAH and in controls, as biomarkers of pulmonary endothelial integrity and evaluated differences among PAH subtypes and as a response to treatment. Methods: Forty-seven controls and 144 patients with PAH (52 idiopathic, 9 heritable, 31 associated with systemic sclerosis, 15 associated with other connective tissue diseases, 20 associated with HIV and 17 associated with portal hypertension) were evaluated. Forty-four patients with scleroderma and 22 with HIV infection, but without PAH, were also studied. Circulating levels of EMVs, total (CD31+CD42b-) and activated (CD31+CD42b-CD62E+), as well as circulating PCs (CD34+CD133+CD45low) were measured by flow cytometry and the EMVs/PCs ratio was computed. In treatment-naïve patients, measurements were repeated after 3 months of PAH therapy. Results: Patients with PAH showed higher numbers of EMVs and a lower percentage of PCs, compared with healthy controls. The EMV/PC ratio was increased in PAH patients, and in patients with SSc or HIV without PAH. After starting PAH therapy, individual changes in EMVs and PCs were variable, without significant differences being observed as a group. Conclusion: PAH patients present disturbed vascular homeostasis, reflected in changes in circulating EMV and PC levels, which are not restored with PAH targeted therapy. Combined measurement of circulating EMVs and PCs could be foreseen as a potential biomarker of endothelial dysfunction in PAH

Revista de Revistas.

Selección de reseñas bibliográficas. (Octubre, Noviembre y Diciembre, 1991) Trastornos de la personalidad bordeline. Epidemiología (Thomas A. Widiger, Mima M. Weissman), Assessement y Diagnosis (Andrew E. Skodol y John M. Oldhan), Biological y Pharmacological Aspects (Emil F Coceara, Richard J. KavonssJ), Standarized Appraaches to individual Psychoterapy (M. Tracy Shea) y Graup y Family Tretments (Jons F Clarkin y EIsa MarzialJ) Hospital and community Psychiatry. Octuber 1991; 42 (10): 1015-1043 . M García Pérez La dopamina en la esquizofrenia: una revisión y reconceptualización Dopamine in schizophrenia: A review and reconceptualization. Kenneth L. Davis, MD, Rene S. Kahn, Mo., Grant Ka. MD, MichaelDavidson, Mo. (Del Departamento de Psiquiatría del Hospital y Escuela de Medicina de Mount Sinai, NY) AM J Psychiatry. 1991; Nov, 148: 1474-1486. M García Pérez La controversia Freud-Ferenczi. Un legado viviente. The Freud-Ferenczi controversy. A living legacy. Axel Hoffer, Brookline, Massachusetts. The International Review of Psychoanalysis. Int. Rev. Psycho-Anal. 1991; 18 (4): 465-472. A. E. Nafs Revisión de los conocimientos del Autismo Psicógeno. Revised understandings of Psychogenic Autism. Frances Tustin, Londres. The International Journal of Psycho-Analysis. Int. J. Psycho-Anal 1991; 72 (4): 585-591. A. E. Nafs Dementia of Depresion in Parkinson's Disease and Stroke. Starkstein S.E., Robinson R.G. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1991 (octubre); 179: 593-601 M. Catalina Zamora An interactionistic integrative view of depresive disordes and their tretment. C. Perris. Departamento de Psiquiátrica y colaborador del Centro de Enseñanza e Investigador de enfermedades Mentales. Universidad de Umea. Suecia Acta Psychiartr. Scand 1991; 84: 413-423E. García Yagüe Personalidad premórbida y síntomas positivos y negativos en la esquizofrenia. V. Peralta y M.J. Cuesta. Unidad de Psiquiatría del Hospital Virgen del Camino. Pamplona. España. J. Delean. Instituto Psiquiátrico de Pensilvania U.S.A. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1991; 84: 336-339. E. García Yagüe Interacción entre vulnerabilidad genética y ambiente familiar: estudio finlandés de familias adoptivas en la esquizofrenia. P Teinavi. Departamento Psychiatry. Acta Psychiatr. Scand 1991; 84: 460-465 E. García Yagüe Factores de estrés y enfermedad. J.L. González Rivera. Actas Luso-Esp. Neurol. Psiquiatr. 1991 (Nov-Dic); 19 (6): 290-297. J. García-Noblejas Los orígenes de la psicosis y el «origen del hombre». The origins of psychosis and "the descent of man". T.J. Crow British Journal of Psychiatry. 1991; 159 (sup. 14): 76-82 M.I. de la Hera Cabero. Hallazgos clínicos. Trastornos del estado mental y del movimiento y sus secuelas. Clínical findings. Abnormalities of the mental state and movement disorder and their correlates. Eve C. Johnstone, o.G.C. Owens, c.o. Frith and J. Leary British Journal of Psychatry 1991; 159 (supl. 13): 21-25. M.I. de la Hera Cabero Una perspectiva psicobiológica en los trastornos de la personalidad. A psycobiological perspective on the personality disorders. L.J. Siever, K. L. Davis AM. J. Psychiatry 12, Diciembre 1991; 148: 1647-1658. c. Herraez Martín de Valmaseda El estado de la cuestión en... Manifestaciones psiquiátricas en enfermos con lupus eritematosos sistémico. Salvador Robert M., Pérez Sales P.., Rubio Valladolid G

Revista de Revistas.

Selección de reseñas bibliográficas. (Octubre, Noviembre y Diciembre, 1991) Trastornos de la personalidad bordeline. Epidemiología (Thomas A. Widiger, Mima M. Weissman), Assessement y Diagnosis (Andrew E. Skodol y John M. Oldhan), Biological y Pharmacological Aspects (Emil F Coceara, Richard J. KavonssJ), Standarized Appraaches to individual Psychoterapy (M. Tracy Shea) y Graup y Family Tretments (Jons F Clarkin y EIsa MarzialJ) Hospital and community Psychiatry. Octuber 1991; 42 (10): 1015-1043 . M García Pérez La dopamina en la esquizofrenia: una revisión y reconceptualización Dopamine in schizophrenia: A review and reconceptualization. Kenneth L. Davis, MD, Rene S. Kahn, Mo., Grant Ka. MD, MichaelDavidson, Mo. (Del Departamento de Psiquiatría del Hospital y Escuela de Medicina de Mount Sinai, NY) AM J Psychiatry. 1991; Nov, 148: 1474-1486. M García Pérez La controversia Freud-Ferenczi. Un legado viviente. The Freud-Ferenczi controversy. A living legacy. Axel Hoffer, Brookline, Massachusetts. The International Review of Psychoanalysis. Int. Rev. Psycho-Anal. 1991; 18 (4): 465-472. A. E. Nafs Revisión de los conocimientos del Autismo Psicógeno. Revised understandings of Psychogenic Autism. Frances Tustin, Londres. The International Journal of Psycho-Analysis. Int. J. Psycho-Anal 1991; 72 (4): 585-591. A. E. Nafs Dementia of Depresion in Parkinson's Disease and Stroke. Starkstein S.E., Robinson R.G. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1991 (octubre); 179: 593-601 M. Catalina Zamora An interactionistic integrative view of depresive disordes and their tretment. C. Perris. Departamento de Psiquiátrica y colaborador del Centro de Enseñanza e Investigador de enfermedades Mentales. Universidad de Umea. Suecia Acta Psychiartr. Scand 1991; 84: 413-423E. García Yagüe Personalidad premórbida y síntomas positivos y negativos en la esquizofrenia. V. Peralta y M.J. Cuesta. Unidad de Psiquiatría del Hospital Virgen del Camino. Pamplona. España. J. Delean. Instituto Psiquiátrico de Pensilvania U.S.A. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 1991; 84: 336-339. E. García Yagüe Interacción entre vulnerabilidad genética y ambiente familiar: estudio finlandés de familias adoptivas en la esquizofrenia. P Teinavi. Departamento Psychiatry. Acta Psychiatr. Scand 1991; 84: 460-465 E. García Yagüe Factores de estrés y enfermedad. J.L. González Rivera. Actas Luso-Esp. Neurol. Psiquiatr. 1991 (Nov-Dic); 19 (6): 290-297. J. García-Noblejas Los orígenes de la psicosis y el «origen del hombre». The origins of psychosis and "the descent of man". T.J. Crow British Journal of Psychiatry. 1991; 159 (sup. 14): 76-82 M.I. de la Hera Cabero. Hallazgos clínicos. Trastornos del estado mental y del movimiento y sus secuelas. Clínical findings. Abnormalities of the mental state and movement disorder and their correlates. Eve C. Johnstone, o.G.C. Owens, c.o. Frith and J. Leary British Journal of Psychatry 1991; 159 (supl. 13): 21-25. M.I. de la Hera Cabero Una perspectiva psicobiológica en los trastornos de la personalidad. A psycobiological perspective on the personality disorders. L.J. Siever, K. L. Davis AM. J. Psychiatry 12, Diciembre 1991; 148: 1647-1658. c. Herraez Martín de Valmaseda El estado de la cuestión en... Manifestaciones psiquiátricas en enfermos con lupus eritematosos sistémico. Salvador Robert M., Pérez Sales P.., Rubio Valladolid G