Deaf and Hard of Hearing College Students’ Experiences With Alcohol and Related Consequences

Alcohol misuse on college campuses has been shown to be the cause of physical, socio-emotional, and academic harm. Alcohol is also an issue at Gallaudet University, the only liberal arts university for the deaf, but there is a gap in the literature describing the phenomenon in the environment and how to address it. This qualitative case study explored the perceptions and experiences of alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences for deaf and hard of hearing college students through interviews with 50 students and staff at Gallaudet University. Alcohol misuse and related harms were explored through the framework of the social ecological model, focusing on the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and university-levels. For the intrapersonal level, the study showed the following themes: amount of alcohol used, reasons for decisions about alcohol, something to do, young/freshmen, fear of missing out, “come to have fun,” isolation, “numbing out” and coping, and religion. For the interpersonal level for students, the themes were communication, family, school environments, social networking through schools for the deaf, social isolation for mainstream students, social dynamics, belonging, “playing catch up with life,” peer pressure, role of upperclassmen, athletes, role of staff, and protective behavior. For the university-wide factors, the themes were Gallaudet dynamics, tradition, “going hard” culture, education, intervention, and alternative activities. It is hoped that the insights gained from this study will be used to inform interventions for deaf and hard of hearing college students, to reduce alcohol misuse and related harms, and thus to impact positive social change

The phrase 'The Great War' in british discourse during world war one

The association of the term ‘The Great War’ with World War One, if it began 100 years ago, could be seen as telling, not only about attitudes at the time (and whether it meant ‘jolly big’ or ‘jolly good’), but about our retrospective attitudes to those who were involved. Through an examination of propaganda, periodicals, political statements and specific pre-war literature, an assumption that as a phrase it is indicative of jingoistic and bellicose hysteria generated by influential politicians for the gullible citizens of whichever participant nation, can be shown as a misleading simplification. Instead, with a concentration on Britain, a study of its use by statesmen such as Asquith and Lloyd George, the very particular circumstances under which it appeared in Punch magazine, and the overt zeal some advocates of war with Germany displayed from several years before 1914, is revealing of very different public standpoints among supporters of the war.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Combining Skype with Blogging: A chance to stop reinforcement of stereotypes in intercultural exchanges?

[EN] This papers looks into whether combining Skype, blogging and class discussions reinforces or refutes stereotypes. The hypothesis was that some students do not have an adequate chance to reflect on their skype experience and course content. To see if students have made improvements in reducing stereotypes, the Standards for Foreign Language Learning: Culture will be used to evaluate their blog entries. In addition a survey will be given at end of the semester to analyse the student's perspective of their own learning.Kirschner, LL. (2015). Combining Skype with Blogging: A chance to stop reinforcement of stereotypes in intercultural exchanges?. The EuroCALL Review. 23(1):24-30. doi:10.4995/eurocall.2015.4656.SWORD243023

Late time behaviour of the maximal slicing of the Schwarzschild black hole

A time-symmetric Cauchy slice of the extended Schwarzschild spacetime can be evolved into a foliation of the $r>3m/2$-region of the spacetime by maximal surfaces with the requirement that time runs equally fast at both spatial ends of the manifold. This paper studies the behaviour of these slices in the limit as proper time-at-infinity becomes arbitrarily large and gives an analytic expression for the collapse of the lapse.Comment: 18 pages, Latex, no figure

Clinical Management of DMD-Associated Cardiomyopathy

Over the past decade, cardiomyopathy has become the leading cause of mortality among patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The majority of DMD patients over the age of 18 experience some degree of cardiac involvement. The primary cardiac manifestations of DMD include progressive left ventricular (LV) wall stress leading to LV dilatation and wall thinning, and the development of cardiac fibrosis, all of which culminate in decreased LV contractility and reduced cardiac output. Mortality in these patients is predominantly related to pump failure and fatal arrhythmias leading to sudden cardiac death. While basic guidelines for the management of cardiomyopathy in DMD patients exist, these recommendations are by no means comprehensive, and this chapter aims to provide further insight into appropriate clinical diagnosis and management of DMD-associated cardiomyopathy. Notably, earlier and more frequent cardiac assessment and care can allow for better outcomes for these patients. Pharmacological treatments typically include an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker, beta-adrenergic receptor blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and corticosteroids. Non-pharmacological therapies include automated implantable cardioverter defibrillators and left ventricular assist devices, as well as in rare cases cardiac transplantation. Additionally, many emerging therapies show great promise for improving standards of care. These novel therapies, based primarily on applied gene therapy and genome editing, have great potential to significantly alter the DMD care landscape in the near future

Vacuum Spacetimes with Future Trapped Surfaces

In this article we show that one can construct initial data for the Einstein equations which satisfy the vacuum constraints. This initial data is defined on a manifold with topology $R^3$ with a regular center and is asymptotically flat. Further, this initial data will contain an annular region which is foliated by two-surfaces of topology $S^2$. These two-surfaces are future trapped in the language of Penrose. The Penrose singularity theorem guarantees that the vacuum spacetime which evolves from this initial data is future null incomplete.Comment: 19 page

Postsynthetic treatment of nickel–iron layered double hydroxides for the optimum catalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction

D.T., S.J., J.C., and V.N. wish to thank the support of the ERC CoG, 3D2DPring (GA 681544) and PoC Powering_eTextiles (GA 861673) and SFI AMBER (12/RC/2278_P2). The authors would like to thank the Advanced Microscopy Lab and CRANN Trinity College Dublin for providing STEM-EDX measurements. This publication has emanated from research supported in part by a grant from Science Foundation Ireland under Grant number 12/RC/2278_P2. For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).Nickel–iron-layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) platelets with high morphological regularity and submicrometre lateral dimensions were synthesized using a homogeneous precipitation technique for highly efficient catalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Considering edge sites are the point of activity, efforts were made to control platelet size within the synthesized dispersions. The goal is to controllably isolate and characterize size-reduced NiFe LDH particles. Synthetic approaches for size control of NiFe LDH platelets have not been transferable based on published work with other LDH materials and for that reason, we instead use postsynthetic treatment techniques to improve edge-site density. In the end, size-reduced NiFe LDH/single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) composites allowed to further reduce the OER overpotential to 237 ± 7 mV ( = 0.16 ± 0.01 μm, 20 wt% SWCNT), which is one of the best values reported to date. This approach as well improved the long-term activity of the catalyst in operating conditions.publishersversionpublishe

Race and Disordered Eating: A Narrative Review of Current Literature

Research Problem: Eating disorder literature has well-established a correlation between childhood trauma and development of eating disorder symptomology. One type of trauma that is often overlooked in eating disorder research is that of racial stress faced by ethnic minorities. The literature on racism and eating disorders tends to focus on the transdiagnostic construct of disordered eating behavior rather than specific DSM-5 diagnoses. As such, the current literature review examined the findings regarding associations between racial stressors and disordered eating behavior. Methods: The current literature review between Nov 2007 and August 2020 searched 3 databases, PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycInfo for English-language publications pertaining to conflict in racial identity (e.g., racism and acculturative stress) and disordered eating (keywords provided below). As there is limited primary research examining the association between racial stress and clinical diagnoses of eating disorders, this literature review expanded the search term of “eating disorder” (and its associated subcategories) to include other types of disordered eating, a behavior that often precedes the development of clinically diagnosable eating disorders. The literature search yielded 42 results, 81% (N=34) of which were included in the review; the included articles examined the relationship between disordered eating and various racial identity conflicts, including racism, ethnic identity exploration, perceived discrimination, and acculturative stress. 32 articles were cross-sectional design, 1 article was a theoretical analysis, and 1 article was a review. Results: The included literature looked at multiple minority populations, including Asian Americans, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Native Americans, and overwhelmingly found that perceived racism is consistently associated with disordered eating, especially for minority women. Current research suggests that across minority groups, the mediating factor in this association is self-reported stress. Other studies (N=7) produced mixed findings (i.e., positive correlations or null results) regarding the relationship between acculturative stress and disordered eating behavior. The magnitude of the relationship often differed based on the ethnicity and gender of the population being studied. Finally, racial teasing and discrimination were associated with disordered eating, disturbed body image, and depressive symptoms primarily among females across multiple races. Conclusion: While there is a body of research examining racial stress and disordered eating behavior, samples were primarily drawn from college students, and this body of research relies almost entirely on cross-sectional methodology. Moreover, the current review did not identify any studies that examined clinically-diagnosed eating disorder populations or any studies that utilized a longitudinal design. As such, the current review indicates a need for prospective longitudinal studies examining relevant risk factors and their relationship to the development of disordered eating behaviors over time in minority populations. Additionally, it is important for physicians to assess for racial stress as a potential factor contributing to the physical and mental health outcomes of minority patients, especially among minority women