Antibacterial activity of methanolic and acetone extract of some medicinal plants used in indian folklore

Antibacterial study of methanolic and acetone extract in crude and treated (with 50 % lead acetate) form of medicinal plants Alstonia scholaris Linn. R.Br. (Stem bark, Apocynaceae), Achyranthus aspera Linn. (Whole plant, acantheceae), Moringa oleifera Lam. (Leaves, Morinaceae), Tinospora cordifolia (Stem, Menispermaceae), and Enicostema hyssopifolium (Willd) (Stem, Gentianaceae). Extractive values in methanol were found higher then the extractive value in acetone, for all plants. All extract of plants were tried at 40-mg/ml concentrations against eight strains of bacteria, by agarwell-difusion test. Acetone extract was found more active as compared to methanol extract. Phytochemical investigation revealed crude and treated extracts of all plants were containing more or less same type of chemical constituents (except protein and carbohydrate). Selected eight strains of bacteria were study for antibiotic susceptibility against standard antibiotics like Ampicillin (10µg), Tetracycline (25µg), Gentamicin (30µg), Co-Trimoxazole (25µg), Amikacin (10µg), by Octadisc. Treated extract of M. oleifera and A. scholaris were count as to new source of antimicrobial agent for the infectious diseases (Typhoid). Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Medicinal Plants, infectious diseases

The presence of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins in frontotemporal lobar degeneration with FUS positive inclusions

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration with fused in sarcoma–positive inclusions (FTLD-FUS) is a disease with unknown cause. Transportin 1 is abundantly found in FUS-positive inclusions and responsible for the nuclear import of the FET proteins of which FUS is a member. The presence of all FET proteins in pathological inclusions suggests a disturbance of transportin 1–mediated nuclear import. FUS also belongs to the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) protein family. We investigated whether hnRNP proteins are associated with FUS pathology implicating dysfunctional nuclear export in the pathogenesis of FTLD-FUS. hnRNP proteins were investigated in affected brain regions in FTLD-FUS using immunohistochemistry, biochemical analysis, and the expression analysis. We demonstrated the presence of several hnRNP proteins in pathological inclusions including neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions and dystrophic neurites. The biochemical analysis revealed a shift in the location of hnRNP A1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The expression analysis revealed an increase in several hnRNP proteins in FTLD-FUS. These results implicate a wider dysregulation of movement between intracellular compartments, than mechanisms only affecting the nuclear import of FUS proteins

Učinak ricinoleične kiseline iz ricinusova ulja na proizvodna svojstva i hemato-biokemijski profil krava pasmine Kankrej u laktaciji

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary ricinoleic acid from castor oil on the milk yield, composition, fatty acid profile and haemato-biochemical profile in lactating Kankrej cows. Twenty lactating Kankrej cows were assigned to the following groups: control (CON), basal diet without any additive and treatment (RAS), basal diet with 2 g/animal/day of ricinoleic acid from castor oil. Dietary ricinoleic acid had no (P>0.05) effect on dry matter intake and feed efficiency. Milk yield (milk, 4% fat corrected milk and energy corrected milk) were not affected (P>0.05) by the feeding of ricinoleic acid. The milk composition showed no significant differences between the groups. A significantly (P0.05) in haemato-biochemical profile between the CON and RAS groups. It was concluded that supplementation of 2 g/animal/day ricinoleic acid from castor oil had no effect on milk yield, milk composition and haemato-biochemical profile. However, it increased the milk fat percentages of unsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and decreased milk saturated fatty acids, without any adverse effect on the health status of the cows.Cilj istraživanja bio je procijeniti učinak ricinoleične kiseline iz ricinusova ulja na prinos mlijeka, kemijski sastav mlijeka, profil masnih kiselina u mlijeku te na hemato-biokemijski profil krava pasmine Kankrej u laktaciji. Ukupno 20 krava u laktaciji podijeljeno je u: kontrolnu skupinu (CON), skupinu koja je dobivala osnovnu hranu, bez dodataka i pokusnu skupinu (RAS), koja je dobivala osnovnu hranu i 2 g po životinji dnevno ricinoleične kiseline iz ricinusova ulja. Ricinoleična kiselina nije imala učinka (P>0,05) na unos suhe tvari i iskorištavanje hrane. Dodatak ricinoleične kiseline nije utjecao (P>0,05) na prinos mlijeka (mlijeko, obogaćeno mlijeko s 4 % masnoće i energijski obogaćeno mlijeko). Sastav mlijeka nije pokazao znakovite razlike među skupinama. Uočen je znakovito veći postotak C4:0, C6:0 i C8:0 u mlijeku u skupini RAS (P0,05) u hemato-biokemijskom profilu skupina CON i RAS. Zaključeno je da dodatak 2 g ricinoleične kiseline po životinji dnevno ne utječe na prinos i sastav mlijeka te hemato- biokemijski profil, međutim povećava postotak mliječne masti, nezasićenih masnih kiselina i višestruko nezasićenih masnih kiselina, a smanjuje postotak zasićenih masnih kiselina bez posljedica za zdravlje krava

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins R and Q accumulate in pathological inclusions in FTLD-FUS

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is pathologically subdivided based on the presence of particular pathological proteins that are identified in inclusion bodies observed post-mortem. The FTLD-FUS subgroup is defined by the presence of the fused in sarcoma protein (FUS) in pathological inclusions. FUS is a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) protein and a member of the FET (FUS, EWS, TAF15) protein family. It shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm, and has been implicated in many cellular functions including translation, splicing, and RNA transport. EWS, TAF15 and the nuclear import receptor transportin have been shown to co-accumulate with FUS in neuronal inclusions specifically in FTLD-FUS, with transportin-positive inclusions most frequently observed. Here, we report the identification of hnRNP R and hnRNP Q in neuronal cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of FTLD-FUS patients, as frequently as transportin. hnRNP R and hnRNP Q were not found in the characteristic pathological inclusions observed in FTLD-TDP (subtypes A-C). Additionally, we studied the expression of hnRNP R in the frontal and temporal cortices from patients with FTLD and found significantly increased expression of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R in several FTLD disease groups. Our identification of the frequent presence of hnRNP R and hnRNP Q in FTLD-FUS inclusions suggests a potential role for these hnRNPs in FTLD-FUS pathogenesis and supports the role of dysfunctional RNA metabolism in FTLD

Mindaugas e Radvilas

Desde 1920, quando enviou uma delegação pela primeira vez aos Jogos Olímpicos, o Brasil já foi representado por 2.111 atletas. Parte deles nasceu fora do país e é brasileira nata, por questões de ancestralidade familiar, ou naturalizada. Este texto discorre sobre Radvilas Gorauskas, que nasceu na Lituânia, imigrou para o Brasil no fim da década de 1940 e atuou como pivô pela seleção brasileira de basquete nos Jogos Olímpicos de Munique, em 1972. Refere-se ainda a Mindaugas, irmão de Radvilas, também nascido na Lituânia e atleta da seleção brasileira de basquete, por meio de quem a história do membro olímpico da família pode ser resgatada. O objetivo desse artigo é recuperar a memória da carreira esportiva de Radvilas, contextualizando todo o processo de deslocamento e a imigração desencadeada pela Segunda Guerra Mundial da família Gorauskas. O método utilizado baseia-se nas narrativas biográficas, e a entrevista com Mindaugas é a principal referência para a realização do trabalho, além de objetos biográficos trazidos pelo entrevistado. Conclui-se que a recuperação de um universo informativo é possível quando um narrador ainda vivo compartilha suas memórias. A entrevista com Mindaugas revelou dados pouco ou nada conhecidos não apenas sobre o processo migratório da família Gorauskas para o Brasil, como também do basquetebol das décadas de 1960 e 1970

A transcriptomic snapshot of early molecular communication between Pasteuria penetrans and Meloidogyne incognita

© The Author(s). 2018Background: Southern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919), Chitwood, 1949 is a key pest of agricultural crops. Pasteuria penetrans is a hyperparasitic bacterium capable of suppressing the nematode reproduction, and represents a typical coevolved pathogen-hyperparasite system. Attachment of Pasteuria endospores to the cuticle of second-stage nematode juveniles is the first and pivotal step in the bacterial infection. RNA-Seq was used to understand the early transcriptional response of the root-knot nematode at 8 h post Pasteuria endospore attachment. Results: A total of 52,485 transcripts were assembled from the high quality (HQ) reads, out of which 582 transcripts were found differentially expressed in the Pasteuria endospore encumbered J2 s, of which 229 were up-regulated and 353 were down-regulated. Pasteuria infection caused a suppression of the protein synthesis machinery of the nematode. Several of the differentially expressed transcripts were putatively involved in nematode innate immunity, signaling, stress responses, endospore attachment process and post-attachment behavioral modification of the juveniles. The expression profiles of fifteen selected transcripts were validated to be true by the qRT PCR. RNAi based silencing of transcripts coding for fructose bisphosphate aldolase and glucosyl transferase caused a reduction in endospore attachment as compared to the controls, whereas, silencing of aspartic protease and ubiquitin coding transcripts resulted in higher incidence of endospore attachment on the nematode cuticle. Conclusions: Here we provide evidence of an early transcriptional response by the nematode upon infection by Pasteuria prior to root invasion. We found that adhesion of Pasteuria endospores to the cuticle induced a down-regulated protein response in the nematode. In addition, we show that fructose bisphosphate aldolase, glucosyl transferase, aspartic protease and ubiquitin coding transcripts are involved in modulating the endospore attachment on the nematode cuticle. Our results add new and significant information to the existing knowledge on early molecular interaction between M. incognita and P. penetrans.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Improving physical health and reducing substance use in psychosis - randomised control trial (IMPACT RCT): study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial

The National Institute for Health Research funds the IMPACT programme at King’s College London and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (ref: RP-PG-0606-1049)

2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: executive summary.

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