Infección por Ehrlichia canis y Anaplasma sp. en caninos atendidos en clínicas veterinarias en Barranquilla, Colombia

Objective. Determine the prevalence of infection by Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma sp. and its correlation with epidemiological and laboratory aspects, in dogs treated in veterinary clinics in Barranquilla, Colombia. Materials and methods. Retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study. The data was obtained between the months from January to August 2015. 184 dogs that clinically presented the infection with these agents were studied. Criteria for positivity were immunochromatography kit and blood smear, epidemiological and laboratory data. Results. Global prevalence was ascertained as 34% (63 dogs), 28% (52/184 dogs) for E. canis and 6% (11/184 dogs) to Anaplasma sp. Hemogram of dogs infected with both bacteria were hematocrit decreased, they also showed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Conclusions. Findings reported in this study show a high prevalence and endemicity of E. canis y Anaplasma sp. in Barranquilla when compared with other colombian regions.  Hemogram findings showed to be relevant to diagnostic and prognostic of these infectious diseases.Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de la infección por Ehrlichia canis y Anaplasma sp. y su correlación con aspectos epidemiológicos y de laboratorio, en caninos atendidos en clínicas veterinarias de Barranquilla, Colombia. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal. Los datos se obtuvieron en los meses de enero a agosto de 2015. Se analizaron 184 caninos compatibles clínicamente con infección por Ehrlichia canis y Anaplasma sp., se utilizaron los criterios de positividad de un kit comercial de inmunocromatografía y el extendido de sangre periférica, además se recolectaron datos epidemiológicos y de laboratorio. Resultados. 63 caninos (34%) fue la prevalencia global de Ehrlichia canis y Anaplasma sp., 52/184 (28%) caninos con E. canis y 11/184 (6%) con Anaplasma sp. El hemograma de los pacientes caninos positivos con E. canis y Anaplasma sp., presentaron disminución del hematocrito, leucopenia y trombocitopenia. Conclusiones. Los hallazgos encontrados a partir de este estudio muestran una alta prevalencia y endemicidad de E. canis y Anaplasma sp. en Barranquilla en contraste con otras regiones de Colombia. Los datos del hemograma demostraron ser relevantes en el diagnóstico y pronóstico de estas enfermedades

Infección por Ehrlichia canis y Anaplasma sp. en caninos atendidos en clínicas veterinarias en Barranquilla, Atlántico

Determine the prevalence of infection by Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma sp. and its correlation with epidemiological and laboratory aspects, in dogs treated in veterinary clinics in Barranquilla, Colombia. Materials and methods. Retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study. The data was obtained between the months from January to August 2015. 184 dogs that clinically presented the infection with these agents were studied. Criteria for positivity were immunochromatography kit and blood smear, epidemiological and laboratory data. Results. Global prevalence was ascertained as 34% (63 dogs), 28% (52/184 dogs) for E. canis and 6% (11/184 dogs) to Anaplasma sp. Hemogram of dogs infected with both bacteria were hematocrit decreased, they also showed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Conclusions. Findings reported in this study show a high prevalence and endemicity of E. canis y Anaplasma sp. in Barranquilla when compared with other colombian regions. Hemogram findings showed to be relevant to diagnostic and prognostic of these infectious diseases.Determinar la prevalencia de la infección por Ehrlichia canis y Anaplasma sp. y su correlación con aspectos epidemiológicos y de laboratorio, en caninos atendidos en clínicas veterinarias de Barranquilla, Colombia. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transversal. Los datos se obtuvieron en los meses de enero a agosto de 2015. Se analizaron 184 caninos compatibles clínicamente con infección por Ehrlichia canis y Anaplasma sp., se utilizaron los criterios de positividad de un kit comercial de inmunocromatografía y el extendido de sangre periférica, además se recolectaron datos epidemiológicos y de laboratorio. Resultados. 63 caninos (34%) fue la prevalencia global de Ehrlichia canis y Anaplasma sp., 52/184 (28%) caninos con E. canis y 11/184 (6%) con Anaplasma sp. El hemograma de los pacientes caninos positivos con E. canis y Anaplasma sp., presentaron disminución del hematocrito, leucopenia y trombocitopenia. Conclusiones. Los hallazgos encontrados a partir de este estudio muestran una alta prevalencia y endemicidad de E. canis y Anaplasma sp. en Barranquilla en contraste con otras regiones de Colombia. Los datos del hemograma demostraron ser relevantes en el diagnóstico y pronóstico de estas enfermedades

Use of biomarkers as prognostic indicators in dogs with natural heartworm

Heartworm disease is a parasitic illness caused by the Dirofilaria immitis nematode. In its developed form, remains in the pulmonary artery and right side of the heart, resulting in pulmonary thromboembolism, myocarditis, and inflammation. A retrospective study was made in which was evaluated the usefulness of the Dimer-D, troponin I and C-reactive protein in sick dogs naturally infected with heartworm. There were evaluated the concentrations of D-Dimer, troponin I and C-reactive protein in 23 dogs, analyzed hematological variables, the presence or absence of microfilariae, the pulmonary hypertension and clinical signs. The respiratory problems were the most frequent clinical signs including dyspnea (74%), cough (30%), pulmonary hypertension (57%), and other signs of inflammation or pulmonary thromboembolism. Hematological changes were not found. Elevations of the Dimer-D were found in 73.9% of cases, where the patients with microfilariae (69.6%) showed higher values compared to amicrofilaremics (30.4%); males had a higher average (3,857.83 ng ml-1) compared to females (1,714.0 ng ml-1). Troponin I and C-reactive protein had elevations in 21.7 - 39.1% of cases without significant changes compared to sex or microfilariae. The measurement of Dimer-D, troponin I and C-reactive protein complements for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic control in patients with D. immitis indicated inflammation, pulmonary thromboembolism and/or myocarditis

Use of biomarkers as prognostic indicators in dogs with natural heartworm

Heartworm disease is a parasitic illness caused by the Dirofilaria immitis nematode. In its developed form, remains in the pulmonary artery and right side of the heart, resulting in pulmonary thromboembolism, myocarditis, and inflammation. A retrospective study was made in which was evaluated the usefulness of the Dimer-D, troponin I and C-reactive protein in sick dogs naturally infected with heartworm. There were evaluated the concentrations of D-Dimer, troponin I and C-reactive protein in 23 dogs, analyzed hematological variables, the presence or absence of microfilariae, the pulmonary hypertension and clinical signs. The respiratory problems were the most frequent clinical signs including dyspnea (74%), cough (30%), pulmonary hypertension (57%), and other signs of inflammation or pulmonary thromboembolism. Hematological changes were not found. Elevations of the Dimer-D were found in 73.9% of cases, where the patients with microfilariae (69.6%) showed higher values compared to amicrofilaremics (30.4%); males had a higher average (3,857.83 ng ml-1) compared to females (1,714.0 ng ml-1). Troponin I and C-reactive protein had elevations in 21.7 - 39.1% of cases without significant changes compared to sex or microfilariae. The measurement of Dimer-D, troponin I and C-reactive protein complements for the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic control in patients with D. immitis indicated inflammation, pulmonary thromboembolism and/or myocarditis

Uso intraluminal de stent de nitinol Dual para colapso completo de tráquea en un maltés: reporte de caso

Anamnesis: Canine patient, Maltese, female, castrated, 4 years old and 5 Kg. of weight. The main reason for consultation was cough and severe respiratory distress. Clinical and laboratory findings: During the clinical evaluation the patient presented cyanosis, severe inspiratory and expiratory stridor, goose-honking especially after an emotion. An examination was performed through a bronchoscopy, revealing a dynamic decrease in the diameter of the tracheal lumen, severe collapse in the cervical and thoracic portions. Treatmen approach: Due to the severity of the tracheal collapse, the implantation of a nitinol stent was decided. The choice of the stent is fundamental; It was necessary to make a measurement of the tracheal diameter and length, to minimize side effects and rejections. The trachea presented variability of the diameter at thoracic level for this reason it was decided to use a dual stent, the stent was placed on direct observation using a pediatric bronchoscope. Conclusion: We present a case where a dual stent was used, indicated in cases where the diameter of the trachea varies, yielding excellent results since it was adjusted to the different tracheal diameters that the patient presented at the cervical and thoracic levels.Anamnesis: paciente canino, maltés, femenino, castrado, 4 años y 5 Kg. de peso El motivo principal de consulta fue tos y dificultad respiratoria grave. Hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio: Durante la evaluación clínica, el paciente presentó cianosis, estridor inspiratorio y espiratorio severo, tos en graznido especialmente después de una emoción. Se realizó un examen a través de una broncoscopia, que reveló una disminución dinámica en el diámetro de la luz traqueal, un colapso severo en las porciones cervicales y torácicas. Enfoque de tratamiento: Debido a la gravedad del colapso traqueal, se decidió la implantación de un stent de nitinol. La elección del stent es fundamental; Fue necesario realizar una medición del diámetro y la longitud de la tráquea para minimizar los efectos secundarios y los rechazos. La tráquea presentó variabilidad del diámetro a nivel torácico por esta razón se decidió utilizar un stent dual, el stent se colocó en observación directa utilizando un broncoscopio pediátrico. Conclusión: Presentamos un caso en el que se usó un stent dual, indicado en casos en que el diámetro de la tráquea varía, obteniendo excelentes resultados ya que se ajustó a los diferentes diámetros traqueales que el paciente presentó en los niveles cervical y torácico

Granuloma por Acanthocheilonema spp. em um cão: relato de caso

Foi atendido, em uma clínica particular, na cidade de Guaiaquil, Equador, um paciente canino, sem raça definida, de 13 anos de idade, macho, não castrado, de 24kg. O motivo da consulta foi a avaliação de uma massa em região de articulação de joelho direito e de pescoço, que havia sido previamente diagnosticada como de origem neoplásica por outra equipe de médicos veterinários, mediante punção por agulha fina e citologia. Os contactantes eram assintomáticos. No momento da consulta, realizaramse detalhadas avaliações clínica e complementar, que incluíram exames hematológicos, urinálise, citologia da massa, teste sorológico, radiografia torácica e biopsia para posterior estudo histopatológico. O diagnóstico final foi granuloma cutâneo por microfilária de Acanthocheilonema spp., para o qual os tratamentos clínico e cirúrgico apresentaram excelentes resultados. A dirofilariose é uma enfermidade cosmopolita causada por nematódeos do gênero Dirofilaria, sendo a espécie D. immitis a mais conhecida. Em menor frequência, a espécie Acanthocheilonema spp. encontrada neste paciente é também relatada na América, existindo pouco conhecimento a seu respeito. Este é o primeiro relato de caso sobre este tema e espera-se que sirva como base para futuros estudosA canine patient, 13-year-old mixed breed male, 24kg, was seen at a private clinic in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador. The main reason for consultation was the evaluation of a mass in the right knee and neck that had previously been cytologically diagnosed of neoplastic origin by another team of veterinarians through fine needle puncture and cytology. The contacts were asymptomatic. At the time of the consultation, a detailed exploration and complementary methods were performed that included hematological and urinary exams, mass cytology, serological test, chest radiography and biopsy for further histopathological study. The final diagnosis was a cutaneous granuloma due to microfilariae of Acanthocheilonema spp. and its subsequent surgical and medical treatment with excellent results. The canine heartworm is a cosmopolitan disease caused by nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria, with D. immitis being the best-known species. Less frequently, the species Acanthocheilonema spp., found in this patient, is also reported in Americas, with little knowledge about it. This is the first report of its kind hoping that it will serve as a basis for future studie