Bleu comme une orange ou l’intrusion du design dans nos assiettes

International audienc

From Toblerone to blue orange: are there any limits to food design?

International audienc

Cognitive acceptance mechanisms of discontinuous food innovations: The case of insects in France

In a context of changing food consumption patterns, discontinuous innovations are a major challenge for the food industry. This article aims to identify the cognitive processes underpinning the acceptance of discontinuous food innovations through the study of classification and encoding mechanisms of mental categorisation. A qualitative study applied to entomophagy explores these mechanisms according to the extent of product processing and their consequences on acceptance by consumers. These results enrich Behavioral Decision Theory and help manufacturers understand the marketing levers that can be used to facilitate acceptance of these innovations

Quantifying the Reconfiguration of Intrinsic Networks during Working Memory

Rapid, flexible reconfiguration of connections across brain regions is thought to underlie successful cognitive control. Two intrinsic networks in particular, the cingulo-opercular (CO) and fronto-parietal (FP), are thought to underlie two operations critical for cognitive control: task-set maintenance/tonic alertness and adaptive, trial-by-trial updating. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we directly tested whether the functional connectivity of the CO and FP networks was related to cognitive demands and behavior. We focused on working memory because of evidence that during working memory tasks the entire brain becomes more integrated. When specifically probing the CO and FP cognitive control networks, we found that individual regions of both intrinsic networks were active during working memory and, as expected, integration across the two networks increased during task blocks that required cognitive control. Crucially, increased integration between each of the cognitive control networks and a task-related, non-cognitive control network (the hand somatosensory-motor network; SM) was related to increased accuracy. This implies that dynamic reconfiguration of the CO and FP networks so as to increase their inter-network communication underlies successful working memory

La comestibilité des insectes : étude exploratoire chez les jeunes consommateurs français

La consommation d’insectes représente des enjeux nutritionnels, économiques et écologiques à l’échelle mondiale mais fait face à de nombreux freins dans le monde occidental. L’objectif de cet article est d’explorer la comestibilité des insectes en France par l’étude les représentations mentales des insectes et de l’entomophagie. Une étude qualitative menée auprès de 37 jeunes adultes (20-30 ans) permet de mettre en lumière les freins et motivations liés à la consommation d’insectes, les types d’insectes les moins rejetés, les formes et préparations les mieux acceptées ainsi que les informations pouvant favoriser leur consommation chez ces « early adopters ». Ces résultats visent à éclairer les fabricants sur les produits à concevoir et les informations à communiquer pour faire accepter les insectes comme culturellement comestibles en France. Consumption of insects provides nutritional, economic and ecological advantages all around the world but arouses many obstacles in western countries. The objective of this article is to explore the notion of edibility of insects by young French consumers through the study of mental representations of insects and entomophagy. A qualitative study on 37 young adults (20-30 years old) highlight restraints and motivations related to consumption of insects, the less rejected types of insects, what kind of formulations are accepted and which information could promote their consumption by those “early adopters”. The results aim to inform manufacturers about the products to design and information to communicate in order to make accept insects as culturally edible in France. La comestibilité des insectes : étude exploratoire chez les jeunes consommateurs français (PDF Download Available). Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282613744_La_comestibilite_des_... [accessed Feb 22 2018]

Pourquoi et comment innover par le design management : leçons de l’industrie agro-alimentaire

La démarche du design management comporte des enjeux considérables pour les industries qui innovent. Dans le domaine agroalimentaire, secteur qui compte 20 % des plus grandes marques, la place accordée au design reste pourtant marginale et l’innovation est le plus souvent entre les mains des services Marketing et Recherche et Développement (R&D). Cet article montre que le design management constitue une voie prometteuse lorsque la pression à innover est forte malgré un marché saturé. Il fournit des pistes de réflexion aux fabricants pour intégrer le design au processus de production, à condition de bien définir la stratégie et d’adapter l’organisation et son contexte

Influence of goals on modular brain network organization during working memory

IntroductionTop-down control underlies our ability to attend relevant stimuli while ignoring irrelevant, distracting stimuli and is a critical process for prioritizing information in working memory (WM). Prior work has demonstrated that top-down biasing signals modulate sensory-selective cortical areas during WM, and that the large-scale organization of the brain reconfigures due to WM demands alone; however, it is not yet understood how brain networks reconfigure between the processing of relevant versus irrelevant information in the service of WM.MethodsHere, we investigated the effects of task goals on brain network organization while participants performed a WM task that required participants to detect repetitions (e.g., 0-back or 1-back) and had varying levels of visual interference (e.g., distracting, irrelevant stimuli). We quantified changes in network modularity–a measure of brain sub-network segregation–that occurred depending on overall WM task difficulty as well as trial-level task goals for each stimulus during the task conditions (e.g., relevant or irrelevant).ResultsFirst, we replicated prior work and found that whole-brain modularity was lower during the more demanding WM task conditions compared to a baseline condition. Further, during the WM conditions with varying task goals, brain modularity was selectively lower during goal-directed processing of task-relevant stimuli to be remembered for WM performance compared to processing of distracting, irrelevant stimuli. Follow-up analyses indicated that this effect of task goals was most pronounced in default mode and visual sub-networks. Finally, we examined the behavioral relevance of these changes in modularity and found that individuals with lower modularity for relevant trials had faster WM task performance.DiscussionThese results suggest that brain networks can dynamically reconfigure to adopt a more integrated organization with greater communication between sub-networks that supports the goal-directed processing of relevant information and guides WM

Marine Monitoring Program: Annual Report for inshore pesticide monitoring 2018–19

[Extract] This component of the Marine Monitoring Program provides an understanding of nearshore pesticide profiles and the exposure risk to marine organisms, as a part of water quality condition on the Great Barrier Reef. Data are collected from eleven fixed monitoring sites located in four Natural Resource Management regions — the Wet Tropics (five sites: Low Isles, High Island, Normanby Island, Dunk Island and Lucinda), Burdekin (one site: Barratta Creek), Mackay-Whitsundays (four sites: Repulse Bay, Flat Top Island, Sandy Creek and Sarina Inlet) and Fitzroy (one site: North Keppel Island). The suite of pesticides monitored includes photosystem II (PSII) inhibiting herbicides (such as diuron, atrazine (and its metabolites), ametryn, hexazinone, tebuthiuron), which all affect photosynthesis, and are commonly detected due to their high usage in adjacent catchments, and their high solubility. Other pesticides monitored include those that have non-photosynthetic effects (such as imidacloprid and metolachlor) and knockdown herbicides (such as 2,4-D)