A Triassic mygalomorph spider from the northern Vosges, France

The oldest fossil mygalomorph spider, from the Anîsian Grès à Voltzia of the northern Vosges. France, is described as Rosamygale grauvogeli gen. el sp. nov. The spider exhibits mainly ptesiornorphic characters. It is a tuberculote (sensu Raven 1985) and is placed in the Hexathelidae, with some reservations. A ground-dwelling spider, Rosamygale was an integral part of the halophilous terrestrial biota of the time. The spiders became entombed in the wet sediment of desiccating pools. The presence of a primitive tuberculote on the southern margins of the Zechstein Sea in the Middle Triassic is evidence for a pan-Pangaean distribution of the Mygalomorphae prior to the break-up of the supercontinent

Millipedes from the Grès à Voltzia, Triassic of France, with comments on Mesozoic millipedes (Diplopoda: Helminthomorpha: Eugnatha)

Hannibaliulus wilsonae, n. gen., n. sp. is described from a series of ten specimens from the early Triassic Grès à Voltzia Lagerstätte of north-east France. ! e best specimens (holotype and paratype) show a probably equal number of around 44 diplosegments. ! e a" nities of the new species appear to be with the Order Callipodida, but clear apomorphies of that order are not observable on the specimens, both of which appear to be female. Other records of Mesozoic diplopods are brie# y discussed and evaluated.Thia is paper is published with the aid of a PEET grant from the National Science Foundation of the United States to WAS, Petra Sierwald and Jason Bond, and with support from the Professional Development Committee of Hampden-Sydney College

A moderate melting model for the Vøring margin (Norway) based on structural observations and a thermo-kinematical modelling: Implication for the meaning of the lower crustal bodies

High P-wave velocities (7.1-7.8 km/s) lower crustal bodies (LCBs) imaged along volcanic margins are commonly interpreted as plume and breakup-related thick mafic underplating. This interpretation is partly challenged in this paper based on new seismic observations and modelling of the outer Vøring Basin (Norway). An exceptional strong amplitude reflection, the T Reflection, is particularly well defined below the North Gjallar Ridge (NGR) between 7and 8 s TWT. The T Reflection is located near the volcanic lava flows emplaced during the NE Atlantic breakup ( 55-54 Ma ago) and coincides with the top of the LCB, forming a mid-crustal dome. Based on structural and temporal relationships, we show that the dome clearly influences the structural development of the NGR and predates the continental breakup at least by 10-15 Ma. Using a thermo-kinematical model, we tried also to investigate and quantify the relationships between the extension, LCB and the magmatic production. Modelling suggests that significant Paleocene-Early Eocene magmatism can be produced without any temperature anomaly in the mantle if differential stretching occurs during the breakup initiation. The conclusion of 2D thermo-kinematical parametric analysis is that the magmatic model predicts, either little extension (β 5) with significant melting along the outer Vøring Basin. We suggest that the continental part of the LCB could not necessarily be breakup-related and so magmatic, as has often been stated previously. It is concluded here that the continental part of the LCB observed beneath the outer Vøring Basin may be partly (or fully) attributed to inherited, high-pressure granulite/eclogite lower crustal rocks. The real amount of mafic material emplaced along the outer Vøring Basin could be 20-40% less than thought

The Mesolithic occupations of Bourrouilla in Arancou (Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France)

Le Mésolithique de l’extrême sud-ouest de la France est aujourd’hui encore mal connu puisque que peu de gisements ont fourni des données fiables entre le sud des Landes et la frontière espagnole. La grotte de Bourrouilla à Arancou (Pyrénées-Atlantiques) apporte de précieuses données grâce à la découverte de témoins d’occupations associant vestiges lithiques et faune (mammifères, poissons et oiseaux). Trois locus, offrant des degrés de conservation différents, documentent inégalement un Premier Mésolithique avancé, un Second Mésolithique à trapèzes et un Néolithique ancien à segments du Bétey. Les études archéozoologiques permettent de percevoir l’exploitation de deux biotopes : la forêt et les cours d’eau. Le spectre de la faune chassée est dominé par le cerf, le chevreuil et le sanglier, auxquels sont associés le blaireau, la martre et la buse variable tandis que l’ichtyofaune est surtout représentée par les cyprinidés. Les données de saisonnalité convergent vers des occupations au début/milieu de la bonne saison. En outre, deux datations radiocarbone contribuent au débat sur la transition entre Premier et Second Mésolithique.The Mesolithic of the extreme southwest of France is still poorly understood because there are few sites that provide reliable data between the region of the southern Landes and the Spanish border. Bourrouilla cave at Arancou (Pyrénées-Atlantiques) has revealed some interesting information, following the discovery of occupation levels with evidence of Mesolithic lithic artefacts and fauna (mammal, fish, and bird).Three locations, producing material in differing states of preservation, have provided data about a late, early Mesolithic occupation, a later Mesolithic with trapezoid microliths and an early Neolithic with segments of Betey.The archaeozoological studies allow us to assess the exploitation of two biotopes : the forest and the rivers. The spectrum of hunted fauna is dominated by red deer, roe deer and wild boar, in association with badger, marten and common buzzard, while the fish remains are mainly cyprinids. The data on the seasonal occupation of the site converges on a time at the beginning or middle of the good season. In addition, there are two radiocarbon dates relevant to a discussion about the transition between the early and later Mesolithic occupation

Arsonium-Containing Lipophosphoramides, Poly-Functional Nano-Carriers for Simultaneous Antibacterial Action and Eukaryotic Cell Transfection.

International audienceGene therapy of diseases like cystic fibrosis (CF) would consist of delivering a gene medicine towards the lungs via the respiratory tract into the target epithelial cells. Accordingly, poly-functional nano-carriers are required in order to overcome the various successive barriers of such a complex environment, such as airway colonization with bacterial strains. In this work, the antibacterial effectiveness of a series of cationic lipids is investigated before evaluating its compatibility with gene transfer into human bronchial epithelial cells. Among the various compounds considered, some bearing a trimethyl-arsonium headgroup demonstrate very potent biocide effects towards clinically relevant bacterial strains. In contrast to cationic lipids exhibiting no or insufficient antibacterial potency, arsonium-containing lipophosphoramides can simultaneously inhibit bacteria while delivering DNA into eukaryotic cells, as efficiently and safely as in absence of bacteria. Moreover, such vectors can demonstrate antibacterial activity in vitro while retaining high gene transfection efficiency to the nasal epithelium as well as to the lungs in mice in vivo. Arsonium-containing amphiphiles are the first synthetic compounds shown to achieve efficient gene delivery in the presence of bacteria, a property particularly suitable for gene therapy strategies under infected conditions such as within the airways of CF patients

Severe Asthma Standard-of-Care Background Medication Reduction With Benralizumab: ANDHI in Practice Substudy

Background: The phase IIIb, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled ANDHI double-blind (DB) study extended understanding of the efficacy of benralizumab for patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. Patients from ANDHI DB could join the 56-week ANDHI in Practice (IP) single-arm, open-label extension substudy. Objective: Assess potential for standard-of-care background medication reductions while maintaining asthma control with benralizumab. Methods: Following ANDHI DB completion, eligible adults were enrolled in ANDHI IP. After an 8-week run-in with benralizumab, there were 5 visits to potentially reduce background asthma medications for patients achieving and maintaining protocol-defined asthma control with benralizumab. Main outcome measures for non-oral corticosteroid (OCS)-dependent patients were the proportions with at least 1 background medication reduction (ie, lower inhaled corticosteroid dose, background medication discontinuation) and the number of adapted Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) step reductions at end of treatment (EOT). Main outcomes for OCS-dependent patients were reductions in daily OCS dosage and proportion achieving OCS dosage of 5 mg or lower at EOT. Results: For non-OCS-dependent patients, 53.3% (n = 208 of 390) achieved at least 1 background medication reduction, increasing to 72.6% (n = 130 of 179) for patients who maintained protocol-defined asthma control at EOT. A total of 41.9% (n = 163 of 389) achieved at least 1 adapted GINA step reduction, increasing to 61.8% (n = 110 of 178) for patients with protocol-defined EOT asthma control. At ANDHI IP baseline, OCS dosages were 5 mg or lower for 40.4% (n = 40 of 99) of OCS-dependent patients. Of OCS-dependent patients, 50.5% (n = 50 of 99) eliminated OCS and 74.7% (n = 74 of 99) achieved dosages of 5 mg or lower at EOT. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate benralizumab's ability to improve asthma control, thereby allowing background medication reduction

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

L'oeuvre paléontologique de Wilhelm-Philippe Schimper

Gall Jean-Claude. L'oeuvre paléontologique de Wilhelm-Philippe Schimper. In: Sciences Géologiques. Bulletin, tome 33, n°1, 1980. Centenaire W.P. Schimper. Le Museum et l'Université de Strasbourg au 19e siècle. pp. 41-48