Inflammasomes NLRP3 and AIM2 in peri-implantitis: A cross-sectional study

Background: Inflammasome components NLRP3 and AIM2 contribute to inflammation development by the activation of caspase-1 and IL-1β. They have not been yet evaluated in samples from patients with active peri-implantitis. Thus, the aim of the present study is to analyze the expression of inflammasomes NLRP3 and AIM2 and subsequent caspase 1 and IL-1β assessing the microenvironment of leukocyte subsets in samples from patients with active peri-implantitis. Methods: Biopsies were collected from 33 implants in 21 patients being treated for peri-implantitis. Biopsies from gingival tissues from 15 patients with healthy periodontium were also collected for control. These tissues were evaluated through conventional histological stainings. Then, immunohistochemical detection was performed to analyze NLRP3, AIM2, caspase-1, and IL-1β and markers of different leukocyte subsets. PCR for inflammasomes and related genes was also done. Results: This manuscript reveals a high immunohistochemical and mRNA expression of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes, caspase-1, and IL-1β in biopsies collected from human peri-implantitis. The expression of the tested markers was significantly correlated with the increase in inflammatory infiltrate, probing depth, presence of biofilm, and bleeding on probing. In these peri-implantitis lesions, the area of biopsy tissue occupied by inflammatory infiltrate was intense while the area occupied by collagen was significantly lower. In comparison with periodontal healthy tissues, the inflammatory infiltrate was statistically significantly higher in the peri-implantitis biopsies and was mainly composed of plasma cells, followed by T and B lymphocytes. Conclusion: In human peri-implantitis, chronic inflammation can be explained in part by the action of IL-1β/ caspase 1 induced through NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome activation.Junta de Andalucía, Grant/Award Number: CTS-138CTS-1028; Universidad de Granada, Grant/Award Number: B-CTS- 504- UGR18Universidad de Granada/CBU

Maxillary sinus floor augmentation comparing bovine versus porcine bone xenografts mixed with autogenous bone graft. A split-mouth randomized controlled trial

This investigation was conducted under an Investigator--Initiated Study partially funded by Dentsply Sirona Implants (Molndal, Sweden) through a research transfer agreement with the Technology Transfer Office of the University of Granada (number I--BI--17--026) and the Research Cathedra "Dentsply Sirona-UGR" agreed between Dentsply Sirona Iberia S.A.U. and the University of Granada. The authors are also supported by funding from Research Groups #CTS-138 and #CTS--1028 (Junta de Andalucia, Spain) The authors are grateful to Justin G. Davis for assistance with the English translation and to Emilio Couso-Queiruga for assistance with the volumetric radiographic analyses.Aim: To compare the effectiveness of two xenografts for maxillary sinus floor augmentation in terms of clinical, radiographical, histologic, and molecular outcomes. Materials and methods: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial was conducted at the University of Granada. Ten consecutive patients in need of bilateral two-staged maxillary sinus floor augmentation were included. Each patient received both biomaterials (porcine bone mineral and anorganic bovine bone), which were randomly assigned for bilateral sinus augmentation. The maxillary autogenous bone scraped from the sinus access window was mixed with each xenograft at a 20:80 ratio. After a healing period of 6 months, bone biopsies were collected with a trephine during the implant placement in the regenerated area. Histologic, histomorphometrical, immunohistochemical, and molecular outcomes were analyzed. Clinical and radiographical data throughout the treatment phases were also evaluated. Results: The resulting anatomic features were similar between both groups. After six months of graft consolidation, the graft resorption rates were similar between both biomaterials. The histologic, histomorphometrical, and immunohistochemical results showed no statistical differences between groups. Conclusion: Anorganic bovine bone and porcine bone mineral combined with maxillary autogenous cortical bone show similar biologic and radiologic features in terms of biomaterial resorption, osteoconduction, and osteogenesis when used for maxillary sinus floor augmentation.Dentsply Sirona Implants (Molndal, Sweden)Technology Transfer Office of the University of Granada I-BI-17-026Dentsply Sirona Iberia S.A.U.University of GranadaJunta de AndaluciaEuropean Commission CTS-138 CTS-102

Physico-chemical and biological characterization of a new bovine bone mineral matrix available for human usage

The authors are partially supported by funding from Research Groups #CTS-138 and #CTS-1028 (Junta de Andalucía, Spain). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA.Background: Anorganic bovine bone has been deeply studied for bone regeneration in the oral cavity. Different manufacturing processes can modify the final composition of the biomaterial and the responses that induce. Aim: To evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of a bovine bone mineral matrix and the clinical, radiographical, histological, and mRNA results after using it for maxillary sinus floor augmentation in humans. Materials and Methods: First, the physical–chemical characteristics of the biomaterial were evaluated by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and electron microscopy. A frequently used biomaterial with the same animal origin was used as comparator. Then, a clinical study was designed for evaluating clinical, radiographical, histological, and mRNA outcomes. Patients in need of two-stage maxillary sinus floor augmentation were included in the study. Six months after the grafting procedure, a bone biopsy was collected for evaluation. Results: In terms of physico-chemical characteristics, no differences were found between both biomaterials. Clinically, 10 patients were included in the study. After 6 months, clinical and radiographical data showed adequate outcomes for allowing implant placement. Histological, immunohistochemical and mRNA analyses showed that the biomaterial in use provides biological support to induce responses similar to those of other commonly used biomaterials. Conclusion: Bovine bone mineral matrix (Creos™ Xenogain) used as a single material for maxillary sinus floor augmentation shows adequate biological, clinical, and radiological outcomes. In fact, the results from this study are similar to those reported in the literature for another bovine bone-derived biomaterial with whom it shares composition and micro- and nanoscale characteristics.Junta de Andalucía #CTS-138, #CTS-1028Universidad de Granada / CBU

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

La teoría triárquica de la inteligencia : un modelo para evaluar alumnas-os con altas habilidades

Proceder a la identificación de sujetos con distinto nivel de habilidad intelectual, utilizando diferentes criterios de evaluación de la inteligencia, que incluyen las definiciones tradicionales y conceptualizaciones más amplias de la habilidad intelectual en la superdotación. Hipótesis: 1. El Sternberg Triarchic Abilities Test tiene unas características psicométricas adecuadas en la población de sujetos para la que está construido. 2. Se produce una relación moderada entre los cocientes intelectuales hallados en el STAT y los que resultan de la aplicación de una prueba tradicional de inteligencia. Muestreo por conglomerados al azar estratificados con afijación proporcional teniendo en cuenta si el centro es público o privado y de ubicación urbana o semiurbana. N= 2055 alumnos de la muestra inicial, de quinto y sexto de EGB. Aplicación y adaptación de la prueba de inteligencia STAT y la de factor G de Cattell. Selección de los sujetos que componen la muestra inicial y adaptación de la prueba factor G. La aplicación de la prueba se realiza durante el curso, en las aulas de clase. Se inicia la adaptación del STAT de Sternberg y aplicación definitiva de los instrumentos a un total de 1255 (aparte el grupo a los que se les había aplicado la prueba factor G). La aplicación del STAT tiene lugar durante dos sesiones matutinas de una hora. En cada sesión se aplica la mitad del test. La adaptación del STAT incluyó: traducción, aplicación piloto, análisis de elementos (dificultad y discriminación), pruebas de normalidad y baremación, fiabilidad y validez (consistencia). Variables: Cociente intelectual medido por el factor G de Cattell, CI medido por el STAT. Puntuaciones directas en cada una de las nueve pruebas de que consta el test y en cada uno de los tres subcomponentes de la inteligencia: el metacomponencial, el práctico y el creativo. Test de Inteligencia General factor G de Cattell (Cattell y Cattell, 1973). STAT (Sternberg Triarchic Abilities Test), de R.J. Sternberg (1991). El STAT muestra unas características psicométricas adecuadas. Los resultados del análisis de los items indican que es una prueba válida para establecer una adecuada discriminación de sujetos en el nivel de edad para el que está construido. La distribución de sus puntuaciones se ajusta a la población normativa. Los índices de fiabilidad alcanzan un valor suficientemente alto. En lo referente a la validez interna se obtienen índices de correlación entre moderados y altos. El STAT a pesar de manifestar bastante convergencia con otras pruebas de inteligencia, pone de manifiesto que se trata de una prueba válida para evaluarla, además de poseer elementos específicos que no comparte con las pruebas tradicionales. Como se señala en el estudio, el STAT es una prueba diseñada para evaluar la inteligencia en contexto, de forma que se requiere que pongan en marcha procesos selectivos de manejo de la información contenida en cada uno de los elementos de esta prueba.MurciaES

Inteligencia emocional, familia y resiliencia : un estudio en adolescentes de la Región de Murcia

En la actualidad, el estudio científico de la resiliencia resulta de gran interés en el ámbito de la psicología ya que ofrece una visión optimista del desarrollo humano. Especificar los factores individuales y contextuales que influyen sobre la resiliencia durante la etapa de la adolescencia resulta esencial para prevenir y promocionar el desarrollo de los jóvenes teniendo en cuenta sus potencialidades y recursos de alrededor. El objetivo de este trabajo fue, en primer lugar, estudiar la contribución de variables cognitivas, de personalidad, de competencias emocionales autopercibidas de padres/madres e hijos, pautas educativas y variables sociodemográficas en la configuración del perfil resiliente de los adolescentes participantes en la investigación; y, en segundo lugar, analizar la capacidad predictiva de la resiliencia en el rendimiento académico. La muestra estaba configurada por 362 adolescentes (M= 15.46, DT=1.08) escolarizados en centros públicos y concertados de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria de la Región de Murcia, además de un total de 158 padres o madres de dichos alumnos. Se administraron los siguientes instrumentos de evaluación: la Escala de Resiliencia (RESI-M; Palomar y Gómez, 2010), el Test de Inteligencia General y Factorial (IGF/5-r; Yuste, 2002), el Inventario de Inteligencia Emocional: versión para adolescentes (EQ-i:YV; Bar-On & Parker, 2000, adaptación de Ferrándiz, Hernández, Bermejo, Ferrando & Sáinz, 2012), para medir la Inteligencia Emocional de las familias (TMMS-24; Mayer & Salovey,1995, adaptación de Fernández-Berrocal, Extremera & Ramos, 2004), para evaluar la personalidad se aplicaron el cuestionario (BFQ-NA; Barbarenelli, Caprara & Rabasca,1998, para edades entre 8-15 años) o el (NEO-FFI; Costa & McCrae, 1992, a partir de los 16 años), un cuestionario diseñado ad hoc para valorar las pautas educativas utilizadas por los padres/madres y las calificaciones finales como indicador del Rendimiento Académico. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que la escala de resiliencia RESI-M, reunía las características psicométricas para su administración, resultando ser un buen instrumento para evaluar la resiliencia autopercibida de los adolescentes en este estudio, que existían diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el factor apoyo social de resiliencia, a favor de la chicas, que la inteligencia psicométrica tradicional y sus factores no se relacionaban con la resiliencia, que algunos rasgos de personalidad, en concreto conciencia(responsabilidad) y neuroticismo en sentido inverso (estabilidad emocional) fueron buenos predictores del perfil resiliente autopercibido por los jóvenes de la muestra y que las variables estado de ánimo y un bajo manejo de estrés de la IE de los adolescentes también resultaron ser los mejores predictores del perfil resiliente autopercibido. Por último no se obtuvieron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas entre la resiliencia y el rendimiento académico. Palabras clave: resiliencia, adolescencia, perfil resiliente, predictores del perfil resiliente. At present, the scientific study of resilience has became a subject of great interest in the area of psychology, as it offers an optimistic vision of human development. It is essential to specifically identify the individual and contextual factors having an influence on resilience during adolescence to foresee and promote youths' development, bearing in mind their potential capabilities and their surrounding resources. The aim of this study was, firstly, to study the contribution of variables, such as cognitive, personality-related ones, those of emotional competences self-perceived by parents and children, educational parameters and socio-demographical variables, when setting the resilience profile of the adolescents taking part in this research; and secondly, to analyse the prediction capacity of resilience in academic performance. The sample comprised 362 adolescents (M= 15.46, DT= 1.08) being schooled at state and private ('concertados') schools at Compulsory Secondary Education level (Educación Secundaria Obligatoria) from the Murcia Region, besides 158 parents of those children. The following assessment instruments were used: the Resilience Scale (RESI-M; Palomar & Gómez, 2010), the General and Factorial Intelligence Test (IGF/5-r; Yuste, 2002), the Emotional Intelligence Inventory: adolescents version (EQ-i: YV); Bar-On & Parker, 2000, an adaptation by Ferrándiz, Hernández, Bermejo, Ferrando & Sáinz, 2012), to measure families' emotional intelligence (TMMS-24; Mayer & Salovey, 1995, an adaptation by Fernández-Berrocal, Extremera & Ramos, 2004); to assess personality a questionnaire was applied: (BFQ-NA; Barbarenelli, Caprara & Rabasca, 1998, for ages between 8 and 15); or the (NEO-FFI; Costa & McCrae, 1992, from 16 years onwards), an ad-hoc designed questionnaire to assess the educational parameters applied by the parents and the final ratings as an indicator of academic performance. The results showed that the resilience scale RESI-M comprised the psychometric characteristics for its application, proving to be a good instrument to assess the adolescents self-perceived resilience in this study, that there were statistically significant differences in the 'social support' resilience factor, in favour of the girls, that the traditional psychometric intelligence and its factors did not bear relation to resilience, that some personality traits, such as 'conscience' (responsibility) and neuroticism in the opposite sense (emotional stability), were good predictors of the resilience profile self-perceived by the youths included in the sample, and that the variables 'mood' and 'low stress management' in their EI also showed they were the best self-perceived resilience profile predictors. Finally, there were no statistically significant correlations found between resilience and academic performance. Key words: resilience, adolescence, resilience profile, predictors of resilience profile

Role of Baseline Human Immunodeficiency Virus Genotype as a Predictor of Viral Response to Tenofovir in Heavily Pretreated Patients

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients (n = 153) failing antiretroviral therapy after exposure to compounds from all three drug families were monitored for 6 months after beginning a rescue intervention program including tenofovir (TDF). At 3 months, levels of HIV RNA in plasma dropped by a mean of 0.9 log(10) and the mean CD4 count increased by 52 cells/μl. At 6 months, HIV RNA levels had dropped by a mean of 1.06 log(10) and the mean CD4 count had increased by 49 cells/μl. Only five (3.7%) patients discontinued TDF use due to adverse events. In the multivariate analysis, the presence of M41L and/or L210W at baseline was the only viral determinant of a lower response to TDF

Estandarización de métodos de limpieza y propagación rápida invitro de variedades promisorias de uvas de mesa y de vino en el departamento del Valle

IP 1106-12-404-95Biologia de la Universidad del Valle. (4 : may. 16-18, 1996);p.'-- ARTICULO(S) EN REVISTA: Deteccion de los;virus grapevine leafroll virus (glrv) y grapevine c-orky barkvirus (gva)en Vitis labrusca (var. isabella), en;PONENCIA(S) EN CONGRESO: Deteccion de los virus grapevineleafroll virus (glrv) y grapevine corcky bark;virus (gva) en Vitis labrusca (cv isabella), en el Valle del Cauca / L.A.Muñoz ... [et al.] -- p. 11 -- En:;Congreso Nacional de Fitopatologia. (20 : jun. 30-jul. 2,1999)-- p. ; 28cm. -- Control de enfermedades de;la uva mediante metodos agronomicos y de lipieza in vitro/ J.A.Cabra ...[et al.] -- Simposio Nacional de;el Valle del Cauca / L.A. Muñoz ... [et al.] -- En: Ascolfi Informa. -- vol. 23, no. 25 (sep.-oct. 1999); p.;46 -- ISSN 01201860 -- Actualizacion de algunos nombres de las bacterias fitopatogenas (generos:;Corynbacterium, Curtobacterium, Enterobacter, Ratayibacter, Rhizobacter, Rhizomas y Rhodococcus) / Benjamin;Pineda. -- En: Ascolfi Informa. -- vol. 23, no. 25 (sep.-oct.1999); p. 50-- ISSN 01201860

GARP is a key molecule for mesenchymal stromal cell responses to TGF-β and fundamental to control mitochondrial ROS levels

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising cell therapy in regenerative medicine and for autoimmune/inflammatory diseases. However, a main hurdle for MSCs-based therapies is the loss of their proliferative potential in vitro. Here we report that glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP) is required for the proliferation and survival of adipose-derived MSCs (ASCs) via its regulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) activation. Silencing of GARP in human ASCs increased their activation of TGF-β which augmented the levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), resulting in DNA damage, a block in proliferation and apoptosis. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling reduced the levels of mtROS and DNA damage and restored the ability of GARP-/low ASCs to proliferate. In contrast, overexpression of GARP in ASCs increased their proliferative capacity and rendered them more resistant to etoposide-induced DNA damage and apoptosis, in a TGF-β-dependent manner. In summary, our data show that the presence or absence of GARP on ASCs gives rise to distinct TGF-β responses with diametrically opposing effects on ASC proliferation and survival.This work has been financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (www.isciii.es) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), from the European Union, through the research grants PI15/00794, PI18/00826, and the contract CPII15/00032 (P.A), PI15/02015, PI18/00337, and ISCIII Red de Terapia Celular (RD12/0019/0006) (F.M.). P.A. is supported by the Consejería de Salud - Junta de Andalucía through the contract "Nicolás Monardes (C-0013-2018). F.M. is supported by the Fundación Progreso y Salud (Consejería de Salud—Junta de Andalucía). A.B.C.-G. is supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, through the contract PEJ-2014-A-46314. V.A. is funded by the L'Oréal-UNESCO For Women In Science Program. V.R.-M. is supported by a Miguel Servet II contract FIS/FEDER (CPII17/00032) and ISCIII/FEDER PI17/01574. S.G-P. is supported by a Miguel Servet I contract FIS/FEDER (CP14/00197). P.M. is supported by the Fundación Andaluza Progreso y Salud (Consejería de Salud—Junta de Andalucía).Ye