The Estimation of the Initial Stage of Succession of Green-pine Trees Windfall in the Eastern Moscow Suburbs

The paper is devoted to the study of entomocomplex of stem pests, the number and biology of its dominant species and the ecological structure of the soil mesofauna of the two differing in composition and growing conditions, areas of wind pine forests-green insects. The main causes of windfalls, which are unfavorable soil and soil conditions and the defeat of trees by the root sponge, are established. The degree of participation of different types of feed substrate in the dynamics of the number of stem pests in the lesion is estimated. In addition to the windfall of trees, stem pests are the adjacent one, decreasing the resistance of pine in the walls of the forest, overmature trees or trees weakened by anthropogenic, standing trees, the trunks of which are damaged by windfall to a lesser extent than the remaining standing part of inboard of broken trunks. We identified eight species of entomophagous parasitic on the grubs of Longhorn beetles and jewel beetles. It is noted that the population of ground beetles, in windswept areas studied, is characterized by a decrease in species diversity, a decrease in the number of moisture-loving species typical of pine forests of the Eastern Moscow region, a change in the spectrum of life forms in the direction of reducing litter species and increasing the proportion of litter-soil

Promising Educational Technologies for Professional Training

Comprehensive changes in Russian education are aimed at meeting the requirements of the modern economy and society. At the same time, the main vector in this area is the coordination of the content and component composition of professional training with the demands of the labor market and with the urgent need to increase the availability of high-quality educational services. Public experience demonstrates that objective reality makes significant adjustments to the professional training and education. Therefore, teachers should acknowledge and reflect in their professional activities all the new requirements presented by society in a timely manner. In the context of professional education, intensive search is carried out for adequate forms and methods to improve the effectiveness of education. In this regard, the practical value of simulation methods and technologies, aimed at revealing the creative potential of a future specialist, their individual and professional properties and the ability to function successfully in the new economic conditions, is increasing. Educational technologies as mechanisms for the joint activity of the teacher and students are aimed at the development of certain skills and abilities, as well as personal and professional development. The teacher should correctly apply educational technologies and methods to provide quality training for competent professionals. The variety of these methods is proposed to encourage intrinsic motivation, a lively interest of students in learning and self-development. The competencies of a qualified specialist and the criteria that he/she must meet have become the basis for creating a generalized concept of a professional. Along with the individual properties of the student, the foundation of the concept is knowledge and skills in the areas provided by the general and special components of the Federal State Educational Standards. In the framework of professional education, the main place in the educational process should be occupied by active educational technologies and methods, focused on intensifying the cognitive activities of students, supporting creative initiative and abilities and development of intellectual needs

METHODOLOGY OF AN ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS OF INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY

The methodological bases of an assessment of the results of research, development and technological works and intangible assets are given in the article. A special attention is paid to the problems of formation of fair value of such assets for clients of financial accounting. The authors compare the methods of cost measurement of accounting entities regulated by Russian Accounting Standards (RAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Peculiarities of detection and acknowledgement of impairment of intangible assets (loss of value) are considered

Evaluation of Streptococcus oralis adhesion and biofilm formation on laser-processed titanium

To prevent implant-associated infections, surface modifications need to be developed that prevent bacterial colonisation and biofilm formation. In the present study, titanium surfaces were processed by nanosecond-pulsed laser ablation to generate a variety of different structures (anatase, rutile, Osteon, as well as Osteon additionally coated with silver and clove nanoparticles). Analysis of adhesion and biofilm formation of the oral pioneer bacterium Streptococcus oralis could demonstrate antibacterial properties of anatase surfaces. For clinical translation, the effect should be enhanced by further adaption and combined with the osseointegrative Osteon structur

Explorando el uso de la inteligencia artificial en la maximización de precios para el sector turístico: su aplicación en el caso de Airbnb en la Comunidad Valenciana

The use of machine learning is becoming more and more frequent in companies’ search for competitiveness. Literature on the subject show us how in many cases artificial intelligence can help companies to improve their knowledge about users, optimize prices or guide buyers in their choices. To confirm that the application of artificial intelligence models allows companies to obtain specifically better price optimisation procedures than with other traditional models, we have studied more than 10,000 Airbnb properties in the three main cities in the Valencian Community (Valencia, Alicante and Castellón), noting that the estimation process using neural networks offers significantly more satisfactory results than the use of hedonic models.El empleo del aprendizaje automático es cada vez más frecuente para explicar la competitividad de las empresas. La literatura nos muestra cómo la inteligencia artificial puede ayudar a empresas a mejorar su conocimiento de los usuarios, optimizar los precios o guiar a los compradores en su proceso de elección. Para confirmar que aplicando modelos de inteligencia artificial se permite obtener específicamente mejores procedimientos de optimización de precios respecto a otros modelos tradicionales, se estudian más 10.000 propiedades de Airbnb en las tres capitales de la Comunidad Valenciana (Valencia, Alicante y Castellón), observando que los resultados obtenidos con el modelo de redes neuronales artificiales son significativamente más satisfactorios que con el empleo de modelos hedónicos

Laser-Induced µ-Rooms for Osteocytes on Implant Surface: An In Vivo Study

Laser processing of dental implant surfaces is becoming a more widespread replacement for classical techniques due to its undeniable advantages, including control of oxide formation and structure and surface relief at the microscale. Thus, using a laser, we created several biomimetic topographies of various shapes on the surface of titanium screw-shaped implants to research their success and survival rates. A distinctive feature of the topographies is the presence of “µ-rooms”, which are special spaces created by the depressions and elevations and are analogous to the µ-sized room in which the osteocyte will potentially live. We conducted the comparable in vivo study using dental implants with continuous (G-topography with µ-canals), discrete (S-topography with μ-cavities), and irregular (I-topography) laser-induced topographies. A histological analysis performed with the statistical method (with p-value less than 0.05) was conducted, which showed that G-topography had the highest BIC parameter and contained the highest number of mature osteocytes, indicating the best secondary stability and osseointegration

МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ОЦЕНКИ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

The methodological bases of an assessment of the results of research, development and technological works and intangible assets are given in the article. A special attention is paid to the problems of formation of fair value of such assets for clients of financial accounting. The authors compare the methods of cost measurement of accounting entities regulated by Russian Accounting Standards (RAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Peculiarities of detection and acknowledgement of impairment of intangible assets (loss of value) are considered.В статье излагаются методологические основы оценки результатов научно-исследовательских, опытно-конструкторских и технологических работ, а также объектов нематериальных активов. Акцентируется внимание на проблемах формирования достоверной стоимости вышеуказанных активов для пользователей финансовой отчетности. Проводится сопоставление методов стоимостного измерения объектов учета, регламентированных российскими стандартами бухгалтерского учета (РСБУ) и международными стандартами финансовой отчетности (МСФО). Рассматриваются особенности определения и признания снижения стоимости нематериальных активов (обесценения)

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ВНУТРЕННЕГО КОНТРОЛЯ

The methodological aspects of the internal control system formation are stated in the article. The great attention is focused on the problems of financial statements misrepresentation. The basic principles and structure of the internal control system are discussed in this article.В статье излагаются методические аспекты формирования системы внутреннего контроля экономического субъекта. Акцентируется внимание на проблемах формирования достоверной бухгалтерской информации для пользователей финансовой отчетности. Приводится описание ресурсного обеспечения и состав базовых принципов эффективной системы внутреннего контроля

Тонкое измельчение мясного сырья на эмульситаторах с новым режущим механизмом

The efficiency of fine grinding largely of raw meat in emulsifiers depends on design and geometrical parameters of the cutting pair “knife- hole plate” and the process modes, and also on the dynamic and kinematic characteristics of the system: machine – cutting instrument – raw materials. The disclosure of the essence of the ongoing processes when fine and ultrafine grinding of raw meat is the basis for improvement of equipment in operation and creation of new working parts of machines. The new grinding hole plates of the emulsifier, according to the developed mathematical model, have the same flow capacity over the entire working surface and equal hydraulic resistance due to a decrease in the thickness of the hole plates when switching to smaller perforation holes. The cutting edges of the knife blades are made obliquely tangentially to the inner radius of the grinding hole plate and have a maximum length, which ensures a high-quality slipping cutting process. An experimental stand containing industrial emulsifier KS F10/031 and test and measuring equipment was made for research in the sausage-making shop of the JSC “Oshmyany meat processing plant”. Based on experimental data and analysis of the significance of the influence of each input parameter, analytical and graphical dependences were obtained, which makes it possible to determine the temperature increase, the efficiency of the emulsifier, and the specific energy intensity of the process when changing the operating and designing parameters of the process within the range of varying factors. Production tests of new cutting tools pilot samples were passed successfully in the sausage-making shop of the JSC “Oshmyany meat processing plant”. They showed an increase in the performance of emulsifiers by 12–15% with higher-quality fine grinding and a decrease of 10–15% in specific energy consumption per unit of final output. Эффективность тонкого измельчения мясного сырья в эмульситаторах зависит от конструктивных и геометрических параметров режущей пары нож-решетка и режимов процесса, от динамических и кинематических характеристик системы: машина – режущий инструмент – сырье. Раскрытие сущности происходящих процессов при тонком и сверхтонком измельчении мясного сырья служит основой для совершенствования действующих и создания новых рабочих органов машин. Новые ножевые решетки эмульситатора, согласно разработанной математической модели, имеют одинаковую пропускную способность по всей рабочей поверхности и равное гидравлическое сопротивление за счет уменьшения толщины решеток при переходе на более мелкие отверстия перфорации. Режущие кромки лезвий ножа выполнены наклонно по касательной к внутреннему радиусу ножевой решетки и имеют максимальную длину, что обеспечивает высококачественный процесс скользящего резания. В колбасном цеху ОАО «Ошмянский мясокомбинат» для проведения исследований был изготовлен экспериментальный стенд, состоящий из промышленного эмульситатора KS F10/031 и контрольно-измерительных приборов. На основании экспериментальных данных и анализа значимости влияния каждого входного параметра были получены аналитические и графические зависимости, позволяющие определять прирост температуры, производительность эмульситатора, удельную энергоемкость процесса при изменении режимно-конструктивных параметров работы в пределах варьирования факторов. Опытные образцы новых режущих инструментов прошли успешно производственные испытания в колбасном цеху ОАО «Ошмянский мясокомбинат», которые показали увеличение производительности эмульситаторов на 12–15% при более качественном тонком измельчении и снижении на 10…15% удельных энергозатрат на единицу готовой продукции