Effect of Specific Immunoglobulin E Response and Comorbidities on Effectiveness of MP-AzeFlu in a Real-Life Study

Acknowledgements: We would like to thank the subjects who participated in the trial. Funding Sources: This study was supported by MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (a Mylan Company), Bad Homburg, Germany. Technical, editorial, and medical writing assistance were provided under the direction of the authors by Strategix, an affiliate of The Lynx Group, LLC. This assistance was supported by MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (a Mylan Company).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Inertial Mass of a Vortex in Cuprate Superconductors

We present here a calculation of the inertial mass of a moving vortex in cuprate superconductors. This is a poorly known basic quantity of obvious interest in vortex dynamics. The motion of a vortex causes a dipolar density distortion and an associated electric field which is screened. The energy cost of the density distortion as well as the related screened electric field contribute to the vortex mass, which is small because of efficient screening. As a preliminary, we present a discussion and calculation of the vortex mass using a microscopically derivable phase-only action functional for the far region which shows that the contribution from the far region is negligible, and that most of it arises from the (small) core region of the vortex. A calculation based on a phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau functional is performed in the core region. Unfortunately such a calculation is unreliable, the reasons for it are discussed. A credible calculation of the vortex mass thus requires a fully microscopic, non-coarse grained theory. This is developed, and results are presented for a s-wave BCS like gap, with parameters appropriate to the cuprates. The mass, about 0.5 $m_e$ per layer, for magnetic field along the $c$ axis, arises from deformation of quasiparticle states bound in the core, and screening effects mentioned above. We discuss earlier results, possible extensions to d-wave symmetry, and observability of effects dependent on the inertial mass.Comment: 27 pages, Latex, 3 figures available on request, to appear in Physical Review

Interleukin-8/CXCL8 is a growth factor for human lung cancer cells

Interleukin-8/CXCL8 (IL-8) is a chemokine and angiogenic factor. Recently, IL-8 was identified as an autocrine growth factor in several human cancers. Here, we investigated the expression and function of IL-8 in lung cancer cells. The expressions of IL-8 and its receptors, CXCR1 and CXCR2, were examined in a panel of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines. Using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we found that all NSCLC cell lines tested produced modest or high levels of IL-8 (up to 51 ng ml−1 106 cells−1). Expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2 was found by RT–PCR and flow cytometry in two out of three cell lines. In contrast, SCLC cell lines produced very low or undetectable levels of IL-8, but expressed CXCR1 and CXCR2. We next investigated whether IL-8 could act as an autocrine growth factor in two NSCLC cell lines (H460 and MOR/P) expressing both IL-8 and its receptors. We found that cell proliferation was attenuated by anti-IL-8 neutralising antibody to 71 and 76% in H460 and MOR/P, respectively (P<0.05). Exogenous IL-8 significantly stimulated cell proliferation in four SCLC cell lines tested in a dose-dependent fashion. Cell proliferation was increased by between 18% (P<0.05) and 37% (P<0.05). Stimulation of cell proliferation by IL-8 was also demonstrated by analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and cell cycle in H69 cells. Furthermore, we investigated which receptor(s) mediated the mitogenic function of IL-8 in lung cancer cells. We found that cell proliferation was significantly reduced by anti-CXCR1 antibody but not by anti-CXCR2 antibody. In conclusion, IL-8 can act as an autocrine and/or paracrine growth factor for lung cancer cells, and the mitogenic function of IL-8 in lung cancer is mediated mainly by CXCR1 receptor

Disruption of STAT3 signaling promotes KRAS induced lung tumorigenesis

STAT3 is considered to play an oncogenic role in several malignancies including lung cancer; consequently, targeting STAT3 is currently proposed as therapeutic intervention. Here we demonstrate that STAT3 plays an unexpected tumour-suppressive role in KRAS mutant lung adenocarcinoma (AC). Indeed, lung tissue-specific inactivation of Stat3 in mice results in increased KrasG12D-driven AC initiation and malignant progression leading to markedly reduced survival. Knockdown of STAT3 in xenografted human AC cells increases tumour growth. Clinically, low STAT3 expression levels correlate with poor survival and advanced malignancy in human lung AC patients with smoking history, which are prone to KRAS mutations. Consistently, KRAS mutant lung tumours exhibit reduced STAT3 levels. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that STAT3 controls NF-B-induced IL-8 expression by sequestering NF-B within the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting IL-8-mediated myeloid tumour infiltration and tumour vascularization and hence tumour progression. These results elucidate a novel STAT3NF-BIL-8 axis in KRAS mutant AC with therapeutic and prognostic relevance.P 25599(VLID)183891

Stratification of asthma phenotypes by airway proteomic signatures

© 2019 Background: Stratification by eosinophil and neutrophil counts increases our understanding of asthma and helps target therapy, but there is room for improvement in our accuracy in prediction of treatment responses and a need for better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Objective: We sought to identify molecular subphenotypes of asthma defined by proteomic signatures for improved stratification. Methods: Unbiased label-free quantitative mass spectrometry and topological data analysis were used to analyze the proteomes of sputum supernatants from 246 participants (206 asthmatic patients) as a novel means of asthma stratification. Microarray analysis of sputum cells provided transcriptomics data additionally to inform on underlying mechanisms. Results: Analysis of the sputum proteome resulted in 10 clusters (ie, proteotypes) based on similarity in proteomic features, representing discrete molecular subphenotypes of asthma. Overlaying granulocyte counts onto the 10 clusters as metadata further defined 3 of these as highly eosinophilic, 3 as highly neutrophilic, and 2 as highly atopic with relatively low granulocytic inflammation. For each of these 3 phenotypes, logistic regression analysis identified candidate protein biomarkers, and matched transcriptomic data pointed to differentially activated underlying mechanisms. Conclusion: This study provides further stratification of asthma currently classified based on quantification of granulocytic inflammation and provided additional insight into their underlying mechanisms, which could become targets for novel therapies

RESILIENT Part 2: A Randomized, Open-Label Phase III Study of Liposomal Irinotecan Versus Topotecan in Adults With Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer

PURPOSE The phase III RESILIENT trial compared second-line liposomal irinotecan with topotecan in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with SCLC and progression on or after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy were randomly assigned (1:1) to intravenous (IV) liposomal irinotecan (70 mg/m(2) every 2 weeks in a 6-week cycle) or IV topotecan (1.5 mg/m(2) daily for 5 consecutive days, every 3 weeks in a 6-week cycle). The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Key secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR). RESULTS Among 461 randomly assigned patients, 229 received liposomal irinotecan and 232 received topotecan. The median follow-up was 18.4 months. The median OS was 7.9 months with liposomal irinotecan versus 8.3 months with topotecan (hazard ratio [HR], 1.11 [95% CI, 0.90 to 1.37]; P = .31). The median PFS per blinded independent central review (BICR) was 4.0 months with liposomal irinotecan and 3.3 months with topotecan (HR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.20]; nominal P = .71); ORR per BICR was 44.1% (95% CI, 37.6 to 50.8) and 21.6% (16.4 to 27.4), respectively. Overall, 42.0% and 83.4% of patients receiving liposomal irinotecan and topotecan, respectively, experienced grade >= 3 related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). The most common grade >= 3 related TEAEs were diarrhea (13.7%), neutropenia (8.0%), and decreased neutrophil count (4.4%) with liposomal irinotecan and neutropenia (51.6%), anemia (30.9%), and leukopenia (29.1%) with topotecan. CONCLUSION Liposomal irinotecan and topotecan demonstrated similar median OS and PFS in patients with relapsed SCLC. Although the primary end point of OS was not met, liposomal irinotecan demonstrated a higher ORR than topotecan. The safety profile of liposomal irinotecan was consistent with its known safety profile; no new safety concerns emerged

Trends in prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis symptoms in primary schoolchildren six years apart in Budapest

BACKGROUND: Few data are available concerning the time trends and risk factors associated with allergic rhinitis (AR) in schoolchildren in Hungary. METHODS: At an interval of six years, parents of 6-12-year-old children completed identical ISAAC-based and additional questionnaires related to possible risk factors. RESULTS: Response rate was 62.8% with 6335 questionnaires distributed in 2007, and 52.9% with 6441 questionnaires in 2013. The prevalence of current AR symptoms (subjects presenting clinical symptoms of AR in the past 12 months, but had yet to be diagnosed by physician) increased significantly from 14.9% to 23.5% (p<0.001). There was no significant change in the prevalence of physician-diagnosed AR (11.6-11.2%). In multivariate analysis, gender (OR 0.733; CI 0.642-0.931), a family history of atopy (OR 2.017; CI 1.669-2.436), frequent upper respiratory tract infections (OR 2.033; CI 1.659-2.492), long-lasting disease before the appearance of the allergy (OR 2.119; CI 1.311-3.428), feather bedding (OR 0.773; CI 0.599-0.996) and living in a green area (OR 1.367; CI 1.133-1.650) were found to be significant risk factors of cumulative AR in 2013. In both of the groups with (p<0.000) or without (p<0.003) AR the families with a history of atopy used feather bedding less frequently than families without atopy. CONCLUSION: Although the prevalence of physician-diagnosed AR has not shown significant changes during the studied interval, the significant increase of the current AR symptoms suggests growing prevalence of AR among children in Budapest. Our results revealed new aspects of bedding customs in atopic families