Diversos escenarios de las emociones del grupo IRA

The aim of this paper is to present various scenarios of the emotion of ANGE R in Spanish and Polish languages based on the English language. We can observe that the differences between the prototypical English scenario and the Spanish-Polish one (viz lack of the control stage / losing control) come from the differences in the conceptualization and view of the world. The above mentioned cultural differences cause the need to conceptualize and create different lexemes such as indignación / furor / enojo y la irritación. In the English language we deal with a single lexeme, ANGE R, which corresponds to two different lexemes in Spanish and Polish: ira / gniew and rage / złość. This distinction must be taken into account when we talk about the prototypical scenario of the emotions of the IRA group which in general appears to have more typical features of rabia / złość that ira / gniew, although it is the latter which gives the name to the whole group of universal emotions of IRA / GNIEW

Cognitive tests used in examining effects of physical training in elderly people

Introduction. Cognitive tests are a valuable, sensitive and useful tool for examining the effectiveness of physical training. Purpose. To show which studies are sensitive in examining cognitive changes induced by physical training. We explored meta-analysis with healthy participants and patients with MCI. Materials and methods. Analysis of meta-analysis in the EBSCO database using keywords: meta-analysis, cognitive tests, physical training, elderly. Results. 4 meta-analysis have 10 researches in common; however, diverse of inclusion and exclusion criteria led to inability in obtaining reliable results. Discussion and conclusion. Some cognitive tests seems to be more sensitive in examining results of physical training. Diversity of research methodology induces much difficulties in comparing of studies.Wstęp. Testy poznawcze są wrażliwym i użytecznym narzędziem w badaniu skuteczności treningu fizycznego. Cel. Sprawdzenie, które testy są wrażliwe na badania zmian poznawczych wywołanych przez trening fizyczny. Przeanalizowaliśmy metaanalizy ze zdrowymi uczestnikami i pacjentami z MCI. Materiał i metody. Analiza metaanaliz w bazie danych EBSCO za pomocą słów kluczowych: metaanaliza, testy poznawcze, ćwiczenia fizyczne, osoby starsze. Wyniki. 4 metaanalizy posiadają 10 wspólnych badań, jednakże zróżnicowanie kryteriów włączenia i wyłą-czenia doprowadziły do niemożności w uzyskaniu wiary-godnych wyników. Dyskusja i wnioski. Niektóre testy poznawcze wydają się być bardziej czułe w badaniu wyników treningu fizycznego. Różnorodność metodologii wywołuje wiele trudności w porównywaniu bada

Testy poznawcze stosowane w badaniu efektów treningu fizycznego u osób starszych

Introduction. Cognitive tests are a valuable, sensitive and useful tool for examining the effectiveness of physical training.Purpose. To show which studies are sensitive in examining cognitive changes induced by physical training. We explored meta-analysis with healthy participants and patients with MCI.Materials and methods. Analysis of meta-analysis in the EBSCO database using keywords: meta-analysis, cognitive tests, physical training, elderly.Results. 4 meta-analysis have 10 researches in common; however, diverse of inclusion and exclusion criteria led to inability in obtaining reliable results.Discussion and conclusion. Some cognitive tests seems to be more sensitive in examining results of physical training. Diversity of research methodology induces much difficulties in comparing of studies.Wstęp. Testy poznawcze są wrażliwym i użytecznym narzędziem w badaniu skuteczności treningu fizycznego.Cel. Sprawdzenie, które testy są wrażliwe na badania zmian poznawczych wywołanych przez trening fizyczny. Przeanalizowaliśmy metaanalizy ze zdrowymi uczestnikami i pacjentami z MCI.Materiał i metody. Analiza metaanaliz w bazie danych EBSCO za pomocą słów kluczowych: metaanaliza, testy poznawcze, ćwiczenia fizyczne, osoby starsze.Wyniki. 4 metaanalizy posiadają 10 wspólnych badań, jednakże zróżnicowanie kryteriów włączenia i wyłą-czenia doprowadziły do niemożności w uzyskaniu wiary-godnych wyników.Dyskusja i wnioski. Niektóre testy poznawcze wydają się być bardziej czułe w badaniu wyników treningu fizycznego. Różnorodność metodologii wywołuje wiele trudności w porównywaniu bada

Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity prevention with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril in women with low-risk breast cancer : results of a prospective randomized study

Background: Anthracycline‑induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) remains the main long‑term irreversible side effect in malignancy survivors. Cardiotoxicity prevention is one of the most reasonable approaches. Aims: In this prospective randomized open‑label study, we aimed to verify whether ramipril protects from early‑onset AIC in women with breast cancer (BC). Methods: We analyzed data from 96 women (median age, 47 years) with BC after breast surgery, without significant cardiovascular diseases, who were eligible for adjuvant anthracyclines. They were randomized to a ramipril or control arm. Cardiotoxicity was estimated with repeat echocardiography and themeasurement of troponin I and N‑terminal fragment of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT‑proBNP) levels over 1‑year follow‑up. Anthracycline‑induced cardiotoxicity was defined as a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), elevated biomarker levels, and/or occurrence of heart failure (HF) or cardiac death. Results: A decrease in LVEF above 10‑percent points occurred in 6.3% of ramipril patients and 18.5% ofcontrols (P = 0.15). No cases of HF, cardiac death, or LVEF decline below 50% were reported. The percentage of patients with elevated NT‑proBNP levels increased with time in controls (P = 0.003) and remained unchanged in the ramipril arm. At the end of follow‑up, an increase in NT‑proBNP levels was more common and decline was less common in the control than ramipril arm (P = 0.01). No significant differences in troponin levels were found between the study arms. Ramipril was well tolerated in normotensive women. Conclusions: In relatively young women with BC without serious comorbidities, who received anthracyclines, 1‑year treatment with ramipril exerts potentially protective effects on cardiotoxicity assessed with NT‑proBNP levels

Physical activity in healthy, older people. How many drops of sweat away from gain the health benefit?

Kujawska Agnieszka, Perkowski Radosław, Androsiuk-Perkowska Joanna, Skierkowska Natalia, Gajos Małgorzata, Topka Weronika, Kujawski Sławomir, Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia. Physical activity in healthy, older people. How many drops of sweat away from gain the health benefit?. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(7):412-422. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.833881 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4640 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 01.07.2017. Revised: 02.07.2017. Accepted: 23.07.2017. Physical activity in healthy, older people. How many drops of sweat away from gain the health benefit? Agnieszka Kujawska1, Radosław Perkowski1, Joanna Androsiuk-Perkowska1, Natalia Skierkowska1, Małgorzata Gajos1, Weronika Topka1, Sławomir Kujawski2, Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska1 1. Faculty of Health Sciences, Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Nicolaus Copernicus University 2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Division of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University Abstract Introduction: Aging process leads to increased risk of functional impairments and diseases occurrence. Sedentary lifestyle is one of the main risk factors the occurrence of chronic disease such a diabetes and cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, results of many studies showed that regular physical activity (PA) and physical exercise (PE) could decrease the risk of these hazards. Last decades were fruitful in developing evidence-based recommendations for physical activity and exercise in older people, therefore it is worth to examine dynamics of development and the similarities between different recommendations. Material and methods: Articles in the EBSCO database have been analyzed using keywords: older people, physical exercise, physical activity, recommendations, aerobic training, resistance training. Results: Studies showed that people who were more active during lifetime, have greater self-efficacy, better physical and mental health status and in general higher satisfaction on the autumn of their life. Every analyzed recommendation underlies the negative consequences of sedentary activity, however, there is no evidence-based “cut-off” point. Similarly, there is not clear optimal “dose” of PA or PE to prescribe for older patients. Conclusions: It seems that undertaking light level of PA activity is more beneficial than none PA or sedentary lifestyle. The newest recommendations underlie the possibility of the existence of positive linear relationship between the level of PA and health benefits: every additional amount of time spent on PA during week could be related with additional health benefit Key words: Older people, physical exercise, physical activity, recommendations, aerobic exercise training, resistance exercise trainin

The influence of non-pharmacological methods in osteoporosis treatment

Introduction Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder which results from an imbalance in bone remodeling. The disease can occur because of failure to achieve peak bone mass and/or excessive bone resorption and/or decreased bone formation during remodelling. Multiple pathogenetic and regulatory mechanisms are responsible for these changes. In the above review, selected non-pharmacological therapies in osteoporosis are described. Material and methods Articles in the EBSCO database have been analyzed using keywords: osteoporosis, osteopenia, treatment. The available literature is subjectively selected. Then, the newest version of every paper was searched for. Results Results of researches on osteoporosis pathomechanism, quality of life in patients, comorbidities, non-pharmacological methods for treatment of osteoporosis, the impact of physical exercise, role of diet as adjunctive therapy in osteoporosis were described. Conclusions Osteoporosis and treatment influence on the patient's functioning and subjective assessment of the quality of life. Medical doctors need to take into account high occurrence of multimorbidity in adults with osteoporosis to be able to propose comprehensive treatment. The treatment of the affected patients should be improved to offer early or even preventive care for other diseases that coexist with osteoporosis. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as diet, seem to be effective in osteoporosis. Effects of physical exercise could be beneficial in osteoporosis patients, however further studies are needed to determine specifics of the most effective program

Postoperative functioning of cardiac patients. Diagnostic methods of postoperative monitoring and risk of mortality

Abstract Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the most common reason for deaths of people. Progress in cardiac surgery and cardiac diagnosis a significantly decreased the risk of surgery and postoperative mortality in patients. The aim of our study was to present methods for monitoring patients after cardiac surgery and to assess the risk of morality. Material and methods: Articles in the EBSCO database have been analysed using keywords: postoperative functioning, cardiac surgery, risk of morality. Results: Studies have shown that cardiac surgery patients are a large group with many co-existing health problems that affect the occurrence of problems in the postoperative period. Hemodynamic monitoring of patients is carried out using a variety of techniques, both invasive and non-invasive. There are also many tools to assess post operative cognitive dysfunction. Interesting are modern methods of hemodynamic monitoring, which can be used by patients at home, after leaving the hospital. It should be remembered that all methods of treatment and monitoring of cardiac surgery patients have an impact on their quality of life and functioning. Do not forget about non-pharmacological methods of affecting the functioning of postoperative patients included in the ERAS protocol. Conclusions: Cardiac patients require a complex and interdisciplinary approach in the postoperative period. Many elements should be taken into account and prepared the patient for this situation. Progress in medicine more often reduces the risk of morality cardiac patients. However, should remember about the impact of all our activities on the quality of life and functioning of patients. Keywords: postoperative functioning, cardiac surgery, risk of morality Introduction Cardiovascular diseases are causing more than 17 million deaths worldwide, and according to the World Health Organization (WHO) mortality due to cardiovascular diseases will become the leading cause of deaths of up to 20 million people per year [1]. Progress achieved in cardiac surgery and cardiac diagnosis allows for a significant reduction in the risk of surgery and postoperative mortality in patients. However, the evaluation of the result of the operation should not focus only on the effectiveness of the surgery itself. Treatment of cardiac surgery patients should also take into account how will they function in everyday life situations after the surgery

Cognitive Functioning in Older People. Results of the First Wave of Cognition of Older People, Education, Recreational Activities, Nutrition, Comorbidities, Functional Capacity Studies (COPERNICUS)

Background: Cognitive reserve is a way of explaining why some individuals with a high degree of brain pathology are without clinical manifestations. In this study, factors related to systemic diseases, body composition, aerobic capacity, past and current behavior were examined and included as predictors of cognitive function.Materials and Methods: 407 subjects (60–88 years old) underwent physical examination and cognitive function assessment [Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Trail Making Test Part B (TMT B)]. Predictors of cognitive functioning were evaluated: occupational status (OS), diet, mental and touristic activities were assessed using an ad hoc questionnaire. Aerobic capacity was measured using a six-minute walk test (6MWT).Results: With each year of age there is a decrease in MMSE score by 0.18 points. Varicose veins on lower extremities and low OS were also significantly associated with MMSE result. For every year of having hypertension, low OS and not being abroad in the last 3 years, there was 0.17, 0.30, and 0.16 less points, respectively, and 0.15 more point per one additional meter walked in 6MWT in the MoCA score. With each year of age and for low OS there was there were 0.31 and 0.21 s more to complete TMT B, respectively.Conclusion: Education, OS, presence of systemic diseases and social and tourist activities, aerobic capacity and body composition could be considered as factors contributing to cognitive functioning in older people. However, the relationship of above mentioned factors with education level and cognitive function may be not fully orthogonal

ERAS protocol in the treatment of older people

Prylińska Monika, Husejko Jakub, Skierkowska Natalia, Bieniek Daria, Rupniak Iga, Wycech Alicja, Gaborek Patryk, Osiak Joanna, Rozmarynowicz Ewa, Gajos Małgorzata, Topka Weronika, Kudanowska Agnieszka ,Kędziora - Kornatowska Kornelia. ERAS protocol in the treatment of older people. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(3):279-289. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2596527 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6701 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/907885 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.02.2019. Revised: 15.02.2019. Accepted: 17.03.2019. ERAS protocol in the treatment of older people Monika Prylińska2, Jakub Husejko1, Natalia Skierkowska1, Daria Bieniek1, Iga Rupniak1, Alicja Wycech1, Patryk Gaborek1, Joanna Osiak1, Ewa Rozmarynowicz1, Małgorzata Gajos1, Weronika Topka1, Agnieszka Kudanowska1, Kornelia Kędziora - Kornatowska1 1. Faculty of Health Sciences, Department and Clinic of Geriatrics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz 2. Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 9, Bydgoszcz, Poland Abstract Background: The guidelines for elderly recommend nutritional assessment in order to prevent malnutrition and make fast recovery after operation and mobilization possible. The ERAS protocol shortens the length of hospital stay and reduces the complication rate. Material and methods: A systematic review of published literature has been done for the factors reported to predict outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) among the elderly patients. Results: The improvement of treatment effects must be supported by a multidisciplinary medical team involved in the whole process with holistic approach which reduces time of regeneration and cost of health care Conclusions: ERAS protocol implementation is highly beneficial for operated patients due to faster recovery and strong psychological support by providing information concerning the perioperative period and reducing stress caused by the surgery. However, must be supported by a team of professional medical staff. Key words: enhanced recovery after surgery, perioperative care, older peopl