760 research outputs found

    Stingless bee further improve apple pollination and production

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    The use of Africanised honeybee (Apis mellifera scutellata Lepeletier) hives to increase pollination success in apple orchards is a widespread practice. However, this study is the first to investigate the number of honeybee hives ha-1 required to increase the production of fruits and seeds as well as the potential contribution of the stingless bee Mandaçaia (Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier). We performed tests in a 43-ha apple orchard located in the municipality of Ibicoara (13º24’50.7’’S and 41º17’7.4’’W) in Chapada Diamantina, State of Bahia, Brazil. In 2011, fruits from the Eva variety set six seeds on average, and neither a greater number of hives (from 7 to 11 hives ha-1) nor a greater number of pollen collectors at the honeybee hives displayed general effects on the seed number. Without wild pollinators, seven Africanised honeybee hives ha-1 with pollen collectors is currently the best option for apple producers because no further increase in the seed number was observed with higher hive densities. In 2012, supplementation with both stingless bees (12 hives ha-1) and Africanised honeybees (7 hives ha-1) provided higher seed and fruit production than supplementation with honeybees (7 hives ha-1) alone. Therefore, the stingless bee can improve the performance of honeybee as a pollinator of apple flowers, since the presence of both of these bees results in increases in apple fruit and seed number.Fil: Blandina Felipe, Viana. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: da Encarnação Coutinho, Jeferson Gabriel. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Garibaldi, Lucas Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Sede Andina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bragança Gastagnino, Guido Laercio. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Gramacho, Katia Peres. Katia Peres; BrasilFil: Oliveira da Silva, Fabiana. Universidade Federal da Bahia; Brasi

    Apparent and standardised ileal digestibility coefficients of amino acids in wheat, soybean meal and rapeseed meal for broilers

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    The apparent (AID) and standardised (SID) ileal amino acid digestibilities in wheat, soybean meal and rapeseed meal were determined with Ross 308 broiler chicken (n = 64) using the slaughter technique with chromium mordanted straw as an indigestible marker. The recovery of endogenous amino acids at the distal ileum was determined with protein-free diet and it was used to calculate the SID digestibilities of the studied feed ingredients. The mean amino acid AID and SID were higher in soybean meal and wheat than in rapeseed meal (pPeer reviewe

    Integração do programa baja sae Brasil nas disciplinas técnicas do curso de engenharia através de princípios da indústria 4.0 e seus benefícios acadêmicos / Integration of the baja sae Brazil program in the technical courses of engineering course through industry 4.0 principles and their academic benefits

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    Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre como integrar um projeto universitário, onde uma equipe de estudantes de engenharia participa de competições Baja SAE, às disciplinas técnicas que fazem parte da matriz curricular de seu curso. A análise baseia-se na aplicação do termo “Educação 4.0”, ou seja, no aprender fazendo, onde o estudo das disciplinas sob uma visão generalizada do veículo acarretaria em grandes benefícios a equipe, preparando-os para a “Indústria 4.0”, em termos de amplificação do conhecimento acerca do seu projeto, maior visibilidade e capacitação técnica dos integrantes, e também ao restante dos alunos, que estariam aptos adquirindo conhecimentos importantes para a sua atuação no mercado de trabalho. 

    Numerical Analysis of Broadband Dipole-Loop Graphene Antenna for Applications in Terahertz Communications

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    Graphene possesses good properties as unusually high electron mobility, atomic layer thickness, and unique mechanical flexibility, which made it one promising material in the design of terahertz antennas. In this book chapter, we present a numerical analysis of a broadband dipole-loop graphene antenna for application in terahertz communications. The bidimensional method of moments (MoM-2D), with equivalent surface impedance of graphene, is used for numerical analysis. First, we review the principal characteristics of the conventional rectangular graphene dipole. Then, we consider the broadband graphene antenna, composed by one rectangular dipole placed near and parallel to a circular-loop graphene element, where only the dipole is feed. In this analysis, we investigated the effects of the geometrical parameters and the chemical potential, of the graphene material, on the overall characteristics of the compound antenna. Some results are compared with simulations performed with software based on finite element method. The results show that this simple compound graphene antenna can be used for broadband communications in the terahertz band

    Consequences of Water Deficit on Metabolism of Legumes

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    The aim of this chapter is (i) to define water deficit and its consequences on growth and development of higher plants; (ii) to present the interferences induced on metabolism, including gas exchange, biochemical compounds, and osmotic substances; and (iii) to explain how these alterations will affect the growth, development, and production of leguminous plants. This chapter reports that the performance in leguminous is affected by water deficiency, which can cause lower growth and development. For gas exchange, leaf relative water content, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate suffered decrease when cultivated under water deficit. Biochemical compounds, such as soluble amino acids, soluble proteins, proline, and abscisic acid (ABA), are intensively modified after a period under water restriction. The results prove that ABA mediates actively and significantly the proline accumulation and consequent osmotic adjustment in Vigna unguiculata leaves that were induced to water deficit and rehydration

    Análise do perfil do estudante no processo de ensino-aprendizagem: um estudo de caso em Minas Gerais / Analysis of the student profile in the teaching-learning process: a case study in Minas Gerais

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    Conhecer o perfil do estudante é frequentemente apontado como parte essencial para a humanização do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Neste estudo, com o intuito de entendermos como este perfil é levado em consideração durante o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, questionários foram aplicados a professores e estudantes de uma escola em Minas Gerais. Foi realizada uma análise qualitativa das respostas obtidas para entendermos se as respostas dadas por alunos e estudantes convergem para uma harmonização de ensino, aprendizagem e avaliação utilizada em sala de aula. A pesquisa possui natureza estritamente qualitativa, do tipo descritiva de campo, tem como sujeitos 43 docentes e 66 estudantes, do 1° ao 3° ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola em Barbacena - MG. É possível concluir que a maioria dos estudantes participantes almejam ingressar no ensino superior, observou-se que as disciplinas que os estudantes menos gostam são as da área de exatas (Física, Matemática e Química) e as que mais gostam são Português, História e Biologia

    UTILIZAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS DE APRENDIZADO DE MÁQUINA PARA A VERIFICAÇÃO DE SATISFAÇÃO E TRISTEZA

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    Mental illnesses are symptomatic conditions that affect both the psychological and the physical aspects of a person, which can lead to death in more severe cases. An example of these illnesses is depression, which when the treatment is done quickly improves the patient's chances of recovering. So, a quick diagnosis is essential for treatment to take place effectively. However, traditional methods make it difficult for psychology professionals to analyze data in the form of images, audio and text digitally. This work aimed to contribute with a joint application to a study to optimize the diagnosis time, providing an analysis through machine processing, analyzing images, audio and text automatically, providing the professional in the field of psychology with a report of satisfaction and sadness of the patient. The results are satisfactory with an average accuracy in the validation of the network of 72.47% in the recognition of emotions.Doenças psicológicas são condições sintomáticas que afetam tanto aspectos psicológicos quanto aspectos físicos de uma pessoa, podendo levar à morte em casos mais graves. Um exemplo dessas doenças é a depressão, que quando o tratamento é feito rapidamente melhora as chances do paciente se recuperar. Então um diagnóstico rápido é essencial para que o tratamento aconteça de forma efetiva. Entretanto, os métodos tradicionais dificultam a análise de dados em forma de imagem, sons e texto de forma digital pelos profissionais de psicologia. Esse trabalho almejou contribuir com uma aplicação em conjunto a um estudo para otimizar o tempo de diagnóstico, oferecendo uma análise através de aprendizado de máquina, analisando imagens, sons e texto de forma automática, fornecendo ao profissional da área de psicologia um relatório de satisfação e tristeza do paciente. Os resultados se mostram satisfatórios com uma acurácia média na validação da rede de 72.47% no reconhecimento de emoções

    Pilot Study of Sap Properties of Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Trees Used and Not Used for Sap- Feeding by Three-Toed Woodpeckers (Picoides tridactylus)

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    The ecophysiology of the Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) trees that were used by three-toed woodpeckers (TTW) (Picoides tridactylus) for their sap-feeding activities were investigated. The pilot study was conducted in southern Finland (61°15′ N, 25°00′ E). During April–June 2015, three different tree categories of Norway spruce were selected for monitoring: trees that were frequently used by the TTWs for phloem sap-feeding for several previous years; trees that were only recently used by TTWs for sap-feeding; and control trees that were not used at all for sap-feeding. Phloem sap and phloem tissue samples were frequently extracted from tree trunks and analyzed for the content and composition of nonstructural carbohydrates, phloem sap osmolality, solute, and water content, as well as for the content and composition of secondary metabolites typical for defense reactions in the phloem. Simple crown characteristics were also measured, including tree height, diameter at breast height, and their ratio (slenderness index). According to our results, the TTWs preferred Norway spruce trees that showed advanced spring phenology to feed on, as evidenced especially by the lower ratio of raffinose (typically high during the winter months) to total soluble sugars of phloem tissues as compared to non-used control trees. The lower slenderness index of the trees chosen by the TTWs indicates low canopy competition pressure with good access to light (i.e., the sun heats the trunks well in spring). There were no differences in the phloem osmolality or solute content between the used or unused control trees. The trees used by the TTWs had significantly higher concentrations of antioxidant phenolic (+)-catechins and stilbene glycosides in phloem tissue, and the stilbene content was also higher in the extracted sap. The phenolics content of the phloem tissue had a clear seasonal trend, being the highest in the early spring and lower towards the onset of the cambial growth processes. The phloem sap is rich in antioxidants and soluble sugars that are potentially beneficial for the TTWs, but more quantitative research is needed to explore the importance of the sap properties to TTWs

    PERÍODO DE RETORNO DAS PRECIPITAÇÕES MÁXIMAS PARA ALGUMAS CIDADES DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE

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    Conhecer as probabilidades de ocorrencia das precipitações máximas prováveis é de fundamental inportancia em projetos de drenagem, projetos agrícolas e de engenharia hidrálica, bem como no controle de enchentes, saneamento básico das cidades e barragens no meio rural. Observando isso objetivou-se com esse estudo, determinar a máxima precipitação esperada para os períodos de retorno de 5, 10, 25, 50 e 100 anos, para diferentes cidades do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os dados foram obtidos do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET) com dados pluviométricos de 7 estações meteorológicas do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, sendo organizado em planilhas eletrônicas para ser tratados pela equação de Kimball para a determinação das precipitações máximas esperadas para as cidades estudadas. Analisando os resultados obtidos, verificou-se que para o período de retorno de 5 anos os menores valores se encontram no Oeste do Rio Grande do Norte nos municípios de Apodi e Mossoró com precipitações máximas esperadas de 84,41 e 89,87 mm e maiores valores encontram  na região litorânea nos municípios de Ceará-Mirim e Natal com precipitações máximas esperadas de 124,17 e 129,61 mm. E já para o período de retorno de 100 anos, observa-se que os menores valores permanecem sendo os municípios de Apodi e Mossoró com precipitação máximas esperadas de 165,12 e 183,36 mm, e o mesmo acontece para os maiores valores que continuam sendo os municípios Ceará-Mirim e Natal de 241,82 e 257,31 mm
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