The American Village in Okinawa : Redefining Security in a "Militourist" Landscape

Focusing on a tourist site called the "American Village," this paper examines the socio-political interdependency of militarism and tourism in Okinawa by working from cultural theorist Teresia Teaiwa\u27s (1999) neologism "militourism," "a phenomenon by which a military or paramilitary force ensures the smooth running of a tourist industry, and that same tourist industry masks the military force behind it" (p.252). Expanding on this concept, this paper discusses the workings of tourism and U.S. militarism in Okinawa as an interlocking system that supports a tourist economy and simultaneously disguises militarized masculine violence against the local people, environment, and culture in Okinawa. By using an antimilitarist feminist and cultural studies approach, this paper makes visible militarized violence against women in Okinawa. Modeled on Seaport Park in San Diego (a U.S. military town), the American Village was built in 1992 on the central part of Okinawa, Chatan Town, 54% of which is used for the U.S. military facilities. Due to the combination of the U.S. militarization of Okinawa and the recent celebration of U.S. popular culture, this miniaturized simulacrum of America has been incorporated into Okinawan landscape to be enjoyed by the younger generation of Okinawans, tourists from mainland Japan, and U.S. GIs from nearby bases. This paper argues that the American Village functions as an ideological justification of Okinawan colonization by the U.S. and Japanese forces, exploiting Okinawan nature and Okinawan women\u27s bodies and deploying a fantasy of American GIs as a means to capitalize on militarism. Finally this paper discusses a need to incorporate a grounded antimilitarist feminist praxis and a community-based vision of security into the ideas of security reform in order to achieve Okinawan women\u27s empowerment and the goal of true human security

Subdivision policies and housing affordability - a Cafifornia case study

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1982.MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCHVita.Includes bibliographical references.by Otis Wright Ginoza.M.C.P

Polydisperse fluid mixtures of adhesive colloidal particles

We investigate polydispersity effects on the average structure factor of colloidal suspensions of neutral particles with surface adhesion. A sticky hard sphere model alternative to Baxter's one is considered. The choice of factorizable stickiness parameters in the potential allows a simple analytic solution, within the ``mean spherical approximation'', for any number of components and arbitrary stickiness distribution. Two particular cases are discussed: i) all particles have different sizes but equal stickiness (Model I), and ii) each particle has a stickiness proportional to its size (Model II). The interplay between attraction and polydispersity yields a markedly different behaviour for the two Models in regimes of strong coupling (i.e. strong adhesive forces and low temperature) and large polydispersity. These results are then exploited to reanalyze experimental scattering data on sterically stabilized silica particles.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures (included), Physica A (2001) to appea

Effect of Polydispersity and Anisotropy in Colloidal and Protein Solutions: an Integral Equation Approach

Application of integral equation theory to complex fluids is reviewed, with particular emphasis to the effects of polydispersity and anisotropy on their structural and thermodynamic properties. Both analytical and numerical solutions of integral equations are discussed within the context of a set of minimal potential models that have been widely used in the literature. While other popular theoretical tools, such as numerical simulations and density functional theory, are superior for quantitative and accurate predictions, we argue that integral equation theory still provides, as in simple fluids, an invaluable technique that is able to capture the main essential features of a complex system, at a much lower computational cost. In addition, it can provide a detailed description of the angular dependence in arbitrary frame, unlike numerical simulations where this information is frequently hampered by insufficient statistics. Applications to colloidal mixtures, globular proteins and patchy colloids are discussed, within a unified framework.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Interdiscip. Sci. Comput. Life Sci. (2011), special issue dedicated to Prof. Lesser Blu

A 24 GHz FM-CW Radar System for Detecting Closed Multiple Targets and Its Applications in Actual Scenes

This paper develops a 24 GHz band FM-CW radar system to detect closed multiple targets in a small displacement environment, and its performance is analyzed by computer simulation. The FM-CW radar system uses a differential detection method for removing any signals from background objects and uses a tunable FIR filtering in signal processing for detecting multiple targets. The differential detection method enables the correct detection of both the distance and small displacement at the same time for each target at the FM-CW radar according to the received signals. The basic performance of the FM-CW radar system is analyzed by computer simulation, and the distance and small displacement of a single target are measured in field experiments. The computer simulations are carried out for evaluating the proposed detection method with tunable FIR filtering for the FM-CW radar and for analyzing the performance according to the parameters in a closed multiple targets environment. The results of simulation show that our 24 GHz band FM-CW radar with the proposed detection method can effectively detect both the distance and the small displacement for each target in multiple moving targets environments. Moreover, we develop an IoT-based application for monitoring several targets at the same time in actual scenes

Systemic hemodynamic and left ventricular function of diabetic-induced hypertensive rats

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) induction on systemic hemodynamic and ventricular function of normotensive and hypertensive rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DM1 was induced by streptozotocin in Wistar rats (WST), borderline hypertensive rats (BHR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The systemic hemodynamic was evaluated by thermodilution and ventricular function by Langendorff preparation. RESULTS: DM1-induction increased tail arterial pressure of WST and BHR. DM1 also increased total peripheral resistance in WST and decrease in cardiac output stroke volume in WST and BHR. Systolic function indexes were reduced and ventricular stiffness increased in all WST-diabetic rats. All of these effects were more prominent on diabetic WST rats. CONCLUSION: The DM1 in rats was accompanied by important changes in both systolic and diastolic heart function leading to significant changes in the systemic hemodynamics that were not significantly enhanced by hypertension.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a indução do diabetes melito tipo 1 (DM1) na hemodinâmica sistêmica e função ventricular de ratos normotensos e hipertensos. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: O DM1 foi induzido por estreptozotocina em ratos Wistar (WST), borderline hypertensive rats (BHR) e spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). A hemodinâmica sistêmica foi avaliada por termodiluição e a função ventricular, pela preparação de Langendorff. RESULTADOS: A indução de DM1 produziu aumento na pressão arterial de WST e BHR. O DM1 determinou aumento na resistência periférica total no grupo WST e diminuição do débito cardíaco e do volume sistólico nos grupos WST e BHR. Índices de função sistólica foram reduzidos e a rigidez ventricular, apenas nos ratos WST diabéticos. Todos esses efeitos foram mais proeminentes nos ratos WST diabéticos. CONCLUSÃO: O DM1 foi acompanhado por importantes alterações nas funções sistólica e diastólica, levando a uma diminuição nos valores hemodinâmicos sistêmicos que não foram alterados pela hipertensão arterial.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo Departamento de Ciências FisiológicasUNIFESPSciEL

Effects of neuroendocrine obesity induction on systemic hemodynamics and left ventricular function of normotensive rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of obesity induced by neonatal Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) administration upon body weight, tail blood pressure, systemic hemodynamics and left ventricular function of Wistar rats. Two groups of Wistar rats were prepared: a) 18 animals made obese through the administration of 2mg/Kg/SC of MSG during the first 11 days of the neonatal period and b)16 control animals (vehicle treated for the same period). Adults animals were followed from the 3rd up the 6th month of life with blood pressure and body weight being measured twice a week. At the end of this period, in part of animals from both groups, we evaluated the left ventricular function through the Langendorff isolated heart preparation whereas the remainders were used to evaluate the systemic hemodynamics through a termodilution method. Results: MSG animals showed significant increases in heart rate (WST = 235,0 ± 35,1; MSG = 312,0 ± 90,8 bpm), total peripheral resistance (WST = 0,312 ± 0,100; MSG = 0,535 ± 0,195 mmHg.ml-1.min) and in relative epididymal adipose tissue content (WST = 2,076 ± 0,622; MSG = 2,731 ± 0,722 g/100g) and a reduction of systolic volume (WST = 1,020 ± 0,364; MSG = 0,748 ± 0,455 ml/bat). An increase in mean arterial pressure was also detected in obese animals during the hemodynamic evaluation. The increases in HR and TPR and the reduction in SV suggest an augmentation in the sympathetic activation of those obese normotensive rats associated with an increased visceral fat deposition.O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da obesidade induzida pela administração neonatal de glutamato monossódico (MSG) sobre o peso corporal, a pressão arterial de cauda, a hemodinâmica sistêmica e a função ventricular esquerda de ratos Wistar. Dois grupos de ratos Wistar foram preparados: a)18 animais foram tornados obesos por meio da administração de 2 mg/kg/SC de MSG durante os 11 primeiros dias do período neonatal e b)16 animais controles (que receberam o veículo do MSG pelo mesmo período). Animais adultos foram acompanhados dos três aos seis meses de vida e tiveram pressão arterial e peso corporal medidos duas vezes por semana. Ao final desse período, em parte dos animais dos dois grupos, avaliou-se a função ventricular por intermédio da preparação do coração isolado de Langerdorff, e os animais restantes foram usados para o estudo da hemodinâmica sistêmica por meio de um método de termodiluição. Resultados: Nos animais MSG houve aumento da gordura epididimal relativa (WST = 2,076 ± 0,622; MSG = 2,731 ± 0,722 g/100 g), aumento significante da freqüência cardíaca (WST = 235,0 ± 35,1; MSG = 312,0 ± 90,8 bpm), da resistência periférica total (WST = 0,312 ± 0,100; MSG = 0,535 ± 0,195 mmHg.ml-1.min), e diminuição do volume sistólico (WST = 1,020 ± 0,364; MSG = 0,748 ± 0,455 µl/bat). No estudo hemodinâmico, também detectou-se nos animais obesos aumento da pressão arterial média. Os aumentos da FC e da RPT e a diminuição do VS sugerem que houve aumento da atividade simpática nos ratos normotensos com obesidade associado ao aumento da deposição de gordura visceral.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Disciplina de Nefrologia Laboratório de Hipertensão Arterial ExperimentalUNIFESP, Disciplina de Nefrologia Laboratório de Hipertensão Arterial ExperimentalSciEL

Effects of the overlapping between an experimental model of neuroendocrine obesity with arterial hypertension under blood pressure, body weight and metabolic and renal parameters in rats

INTRODUCTION: Increased body mass index and the metabolic syndrome are associated with decreased renal function and the development of end-stage kidney disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the overlap between an experimental model of obesity and genetic hypertension on the blood pressure, body weight and metabolic and kidney parameters of rats. METHODS: We studied male rats of the Wistar (WST) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) strains. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) was administered in the neonatal period to both strains, to make up two groups: WST + MSG and SHR + MSG. Animals in the control groups (WST and SHR) received saline. After completing three months of life, a 12-week follow-up period ensued, during which bi-weekly measurements of body weight (BW) and tail-cuff blood pressure (TCBP) were obtained. Microalbuminuria was analyzed at weeks 0, 4, 8 and 12. At the end of the follow-up period, blood was obtained for fasting glucose, plasma creatinine, and lipid profile determinations. The kidneys were removed, stained, and the glomerular sclerosis index was calculated. RESULTS: The administration of MSG produced higher percentage body weight gain, higher fasting blood glucose and a higher degree of glomerular injury in WST-MSG and MSG-SHR rats, compared to their controls. Greater urinary albumin excretion was observed in SHR + MSG rats, when compared to SHR. There was no statistical difference in the TCBP, creatinine, and lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS: The association of neuroendocrine obesity and arterial hypertension promoted morphological and functional changes in the glomerulus. These changes were more severe than those observed in hypertensive-only rats.INTRODUÇÃO: A elevação do índice de massa corporaleapresençadesíndromemetabólica se associam com diminuição da função renal e o aparecimento de doença renal terminal. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da sobreposição de um modelo de obesidade experimental e hipertensão arterial sobre a pressão arterial, peso corporal e parâmetros metabólicos e renais de ratos. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados ratos machos das cepas Wistar e espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR). Os grupos MSG receberam glutamato monossódico no período neonatal (WST + MSG e SHR + MSG). Os animais controles receberam salina no período neonatal (WST e SHR). Após completarem três meses de vida, por 12 semanas foram pesados e tiveram a pressão arterial de cauda aferida semanalmente. A determinação de microalbuminúria foi realizada nas semanas 0, 4, 8 e 12. Ao final do período de acompanhamento, coletou-se sangue para glicemia de jejum, creatinina e perfil lipídico. Os rins foram retirados, corados e o índice de esclerose glomerular foi calculado. RESULTADOS: A administração de MSG produziu maior ganho percentual de peso corporal, elevação da glicemia de jejum e maior grau de lesão glomerular nos ratos WST -MSG e SHR -MSG quando comparados aos seus controles. Houve maior excreção urinária de albumina nos ratos do Grupo SHR + MSG quando comparados aos SHR. Não houve diferença estatística na pressão arterial de cauda, creatinina e parâmetros do metabolismo lipídico. CONCLUSÕES: A associação de obesidade neuroendócrina e a hipertensão arterial promoveram alterações morfológicas e funcionais no glomérulo mais severas do que aquelas observadas nos ratos somente hipertensos.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloUNIFESPSciEL