13 research outputs found
Microrganismos heterotróficos mesófilos e bactérias do grupo do Bacillus cereus em leite integral submetido a ultra alta temperatura
The Cancer Genome Atlas Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Renal Cell Carcinoma
Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is not a single disease, but several histologically defined cancers with different genetic drivers, clinical courses, and therapeutic responses. The current study evaluated 843 RCC from the three major histologic subtypes, including 488 clear cell RCC, 274 papillary RCC, and 81 chromophobe RCC. Comprehensive genomic and phenotypic analysis of the RCC subtypes reveals distinctive features of each subtype that provide the foundation for the development of subtype-specific therapeutic and management strategies for patients affected with these cancers. Somatic alteration of BAP1, PBRM1, and PTEN and altered metabolic pathways correlated with subtype-specific decreased survival, while CDKN2A alteration, increased DNA hypermethylation, and increases in the immune-related Th2 gene expression signature correlated with decreased survival within all major histologic subtypes. CIMP-RCC demonstrated an increased immune signature, and a uniform and distinct metabolic expression pattern identified a subset of metabolically divergent (MD) ChRCC that associated with extremely poor survival
History and IS â Broadening Our View and Understanding: ActorâNetwork Theory as a Methodology
Bacillus cereus in Brazilian Ultra High Temperature milk Bacillus cereus em leite UHT brasileiro
Brazilian Ultra High Temperature (UHT) milk consumption has increased during the last decade from 187 to 4,200 million liters. In the continuous UHT process, milk is submitted for 2-4 s to 130-150ÂșC, in a continuous flow system with immediate refrigeration and aseptical packing in hermetic packages. This research had the purpose to verify the incidence of B. cereus species from the B. cereus group, in UHT milk. In 1998 high indexes of these organisms were reported, reaching 34.14% of the analyzed samples. Beyond this fact, there was the need to establish methods and processes adjusted for correct identification of B. cereus. Thus, commercial sterility tests of 6,500 UHT milk packages were investigated in two assays, after ten days incubation at 37ÂșC and 7ÂșC to germinate all possible spores and/or to recuperate injured vegetative cells followed by pH measurement. Samples (1,300 packages each) from five Brazilian UHT plants of whole UHT milk processed by direct steam injection, packaged in carton were investigated for the presence of Bacillus cereus through phenotypic and genetic (PCR) tests. Values of pH were different for the samples, ranging between 6.57 and 6.73. After storage of the samples, only four packages with pH measurement below the lower limit of 6.5 were found and analyzed for the presence of B. cereus. This organism was not detected in any of the samples indicating that the five Brazilian UHT milk processors control pathogenic microorganisms and it can be said that the consumption of UHT milk does not present safety problems to consumers. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and PCR tests were efficient and must be adopted to confirm the biochemical series for B. cereus.<br>O consumo de leite ultra-alta temperatura (UHT) brasileiro aumentou, durante a Ășltima dĂ©cada, de 187 milhĂ”es de litros para 4,200 milhĂ”es de litros. No processo contĂnuo de leite UHT o leite Ă© submetido por 2-4 seg a 130-150ÂșC, em sistemas de escoamento contĂnuo com refrigeração imediata e envase assĂ©ptico em embalagens hermĂ©ticas. Esta pesquisa teve a finalidade de verificar a incidĂȘncia da espĂ©cie B. cereus, em leite UHT. Em 1998, foi reportado alto Ăndice destes organismos neste produto atingindo 34,14% das amostras analisadas. AlĂ©m deste fato, existia a necessidade de se estabelece mĂ©todos e processos adequados para correta identificação de B. cereus. Assim, a esterilidade comercial de 6.500 embalagens de leite UHT foi estudada, em dois ensaios, apĂłs incubação das amostras a 37ÂșC e 7ÂșC por dez dias para germinar todos os possĂveis esporos e/ou recuperar cĂ©lulas vegetativas injuriadas. ApĂłs a incubação, foi realizada a medida de pH. Neste sentido, hum mil e trezentas amostras de cada uma de cinco plantas Brasileiras de processo UHT, que operam com injeção direta de vapor produzindo leite integral em embalagens cartonadas, foram investigadas em relação Ă presença de Bacillus cereus, atravĂ©s de ensaios fenotĂpicos e genĂ©ticos (PCR). Os valores de pH foram diferentes para as amostras analisadas oscilando entre 6,57 e 6,73. ApĂłs a estocagem das amostras, somente quatro embalagens suspeitas, com medida de pH abaixo de 6,5 foram analisadas na procura por B. cereus. NĂŁo foi detectado B. cereus em nenhuma amostra indicando que o leite integral UHT Brasileiro, das cinco plantas processadoras, nĂŁo apresenta o microrganismo patogĂȘnico. Somente microrganismos deteriorantes foram isolados indicando que dentro do espaço amostral, o leite UHT analisado nĂŁo representa riscos e problemas de saĂșde aos consumidores. A Espectroscopia Infravermelha por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR) e a Reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foram consideradas eficientes e devem ser adotadas para confirmar a sĂ©rie bioquĂmica de B. cereus