Registration of the LouAu (Louise/IWA8608077) Wheat Recombinant Inbred Line Mapping Population

LouAu (Louise/IWA8608077) (MP-7, NSL 511036) is a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) recombinant inbred line population developed by the USDA-ARS, with Oregon State and Washington State Universities, from a cross between the soft white spring cultivar Louise and the white facultative Iranian landrace IWA8608077. The population was developed by single seed descent from the F₂ generation to the F₅ generation. The population has 150 F₂:₅ recombinant inbred lines and has been used to study the genetics of resistance to root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei), and root architecture. The 26 linkage groups identified include 30 codominant simple sequence repeat markers and 2008 single nucleotide polymorphic markers from the Illumina 9K wheat single nucleotide polymorphism chip. Chi-square analysis shows 21 to 95% of identified polymorphic markers within individual linkage groups were in segregation distortion. The population frequency distributions have a normal distribution for the measured traits P. neglectus resistance, root length, root weight, root lignin content, and plant height. The population frequency distribution has a bimodal distribution for P. thornei resistance, left skewed for lateral root number and right skewed for growth stage. This population has shown potential for mapping resistance to other soilborne pathogens as well as abiotic stresses and will be useful in that endeavor

Identification of Resistance to Pratylenchus neglectus and Pratylenchus thornei in Iranian Landrace Accessions of Wheat

The pathogenic nematodes Pratylenchus neglectus (Rensch, 1924) Filipjev and Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941 and Pratylenchus thornei Sher and Allen, 1953 cause severe yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The objectives in this study were to assay a collection of Iranian landrace accessions collected from 12 provinces in Iran to identify novel sources of resistance to both species and to characterize agronomic traits critical for consideration in wheat breeding. Seventy-eight accessions were assayed for dual resistance to parasitic nematodes P. neglectus and P. thornei in controlled environment assays. Field trials conducted in Pullman, WA, and Pendleton, OR, evaluated stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) resistance, days to heading, grain volume weight, plant height, seed protein content, seed kernel characterization, glume tenacity, and pubescence. The accessions were assayed with simple-sequence repeat (SSR), single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and known vernalization markers for hierarchical cluster analysis to identify relatedness among accessions. Thirty-two accessions were identified as resistant or moderately resistant to both Pratylenchus species. Six were identified with moderate adult plant resistance to stripe rust in the field. The range of mean agronomic traits over locations was 53 to 105 cm for plant height, 46 to 84 d for post planting days to heading, and 151 to 728 kg m⁻³ for grain volume weight. The genetic cluster analysis identified three clusters based on the number of rare polymorphisms in the subset. The nematode resistance was distributed over the three clusters. The diversity within this subset could be useful for wheat breeders to integrate genetic variation and resistance to both Pratylenchus spp

“What if There's Something Wrong with Her?”‐How Biomedical Technologies Contribute to Epistemic Injustice in Healthcare

While there is a steadily growing literature on epistemic injustice in healthcare, there are few discussions of the role that biomedical technologies play in harming patients in their capacity as knowers. Through an analysis of newborn and pediatric genetic and genomic sequencing technologies (GSTs), I argue that biomedical technologies can lead to epistemic injustice through two primary pathways: epistemic capture and value partitioning. I close by discussing the larger ethical and political context of critical analyses of GSTs and their broader implications for just and equitable healthcare delivery

The most luminous, merger-free AGN show only marginal correlation with bar presence

The role of large-scale bars in the fuelling of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is still debated, even as evidence mounts that black hole growth in the absence of galaxy mergers cumulatively dominated and may substantially influence disc (i.e., merger-free) galaxy evolution. We investigate whether large-scale galactic bars are a good candidate for merger-free AGN fuelling. Specifically, we combine slit spectroscopy and Hubble Space Telescope imagery to characterise star formation rates (SFRs) and stellar masses of the unambiguously disc-dominated host galaxies of a sample of luminous, Type-1 AGN with 0.02 < z 0.024. After carefully correcting for AGN signal, we find no clear difference in SFR between AGN hosts and a stellar mass-matched sample of galaxies lacking an AGN (0.013 < z < 0.19), although this could be due to a small sample size (n_AGN = 34). We correct for SFR and stellar mass to minimise selection biases, and compare the bar fraction in the two samples. We find that AGN are marginally (1.7$\sigma$) more likely to host a bar than inactive galaxies, with AGN hosts having a bar fraction, fbar = 0.59^{+0.08}_{-0.09} and inactive galaxies having a bar fraction fbar = 0.44^{+0.08}_{-0.09}. However, we find no further differences between SFR- and mass-matched AGN and inactive samples. While bars could potentially trigger AGN activity, they appear to have no further, unique effect on a galaxy's stellar mass or SFR.Comment: 15 pages (9 figures). Accepted for publication in MNRA

The intrinsic predictability of ecological time series and its potential to guide forecasting

Successfully predicting the future states of systems that are complex, stochastic, and potentially chaotic is a major challenge. Model forecasting error (FE) is the usual measure of success; however model predictions provide no insights into the potential for improvement. In short, the realized predictability of a specific model is uninformative about whether the system is inherently predictable or whether the chosen model is a poor match for the system and our observations thereof. Ideally, model proficiency would be judged with respect to the systems’ intrinsic predictability, the highest achievable predictability given the degree to which system dynamics are the result of deterministic vs. stochastic processes. Intrinsic predictability may be quantified with permutation entropy (PE), a model‐free, information‐theoretic measure of the complexity of a time series. By means of simulations, we show that a correlation exists between estimated PE and FE and show how stochasticity, process error, and chaotic dynamics affect the relationship. This relationship is verified for a data set of 461 empirical ecological time series. We show how deviations from the expected PE–FE relationship are related to covariates of data quality and the nonlinearity of ecological dynamics. These results demonstrate a theoretically grounded basis for a model‐free evaluation of a system's intrinsic predictability. Identifying the gap between the intrinsic and realized predictability of time series will enable researchers to understand whether forecasting proficiency is limited by the quality and quantity of their data or the ability of the chosen forecasting model to explain the data. Intrinsic predictability also provides a model‐free baseline of forecasting proficiency against which modeling efforts can be evaluated

Crimmigration and Refugees: Bridging Visas, Criminal Cancellations and ‘Living in the Community’ as Punishment and Deterrence

Australia’s status as the only state with a policy of mandatory indefinite detention of all unlawful non-citizens, including asylum seekers, who are within Australian territory is a fact that is both well-known and frequently cited. From its inception, mandatory immigration detention was touted as ‘the method of deterrence for those seeking asylum onshore’ and since then ‘mandatory detention has been at the forefront of a deterrence as control and control as deterrence discourse’2. The imagined subjects of deterrence are frequently asylum seekers presented as ‘bogus’ or as economic migrants, and the sites for control are Australia’s ‘immigration program’ and borders. While these dual factors have animated the implementation and continuation of the policy for over 25 years, the contemporary practice and enforcement of detention in Australia presents a much more complex picture

The most luminous, merger-free AGN show only marginal correlation with bar presence

The role of large-scale bars in the fuelling of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is still debated, even as evidence mounts that black hole growth in the absence of galaxy mergers cumulatively dominates and may substantially influence disc (i.e., merger-free) galaxy evolution. We investigate whether large-scale galactic bars are a good candidate for merger-free AGN fuelling. Specifically, we combine slit spectroscopy and Hubble Space Telescope imagery to characterise star formation rates (SFRs) and stellar masses of the unambiguously disc-dominated host galaxies of a sample of luminous, Type-1 AGN with 0.02 < < 0.24. After carefully correcting for AGN signal, we find no clear difference in SFR between AGN hosts and a stellar mass-matched sample of galaxies lacking an AGN (0.013 < < 0.19), although this could be due to small sample size (AGN = 34). We correct for SFR and stellar mass to minimise selection biases, and compare the bar fraction in the two samples. We find that AGN are marginally (∼ 1.7σ) more likely to host a bar than inactive galaxies, with AGN hosts having a bar fraction, bar = 0.59+0.08 −0.09 and inactive galaxies having a bar fraction, bar = 0.44+0.08 −0.09. However, we find no further differences between SFR- and mass-matched AGN and inactive samples. While bars could potentially trigger AGN activity, they appear to have no further, unique effect on a galaxy’s stellar mass or SF

Congenital microcephaly: Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of safety data after maternal immunisation.

Need for developing case definitions and guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation for congenital microcephaly as an adverse event following maternal immunisation Congenital microcephaly, also referred to as primary microcephaly due to its presence in utero or at birth, is a descriptive term for a structural defect in which a fetus or infant’s head (cranium) circumference is smaller than expected when compared to other fetuses or infants of the same gestational age, sex and ethnic background