The Role of Trendesetters in the Diffusion Process of First Cohabitations in Spain

This article identifies the stages involved in the process of diffusion of first cohabitations in Spain, taking into account: generation, period of union formation, educational level, and the birth of a child. These were essential elements for interpreting the data by using a competing risks methodology (marriage vs. cohabitation as first union choices). The results show a rapid diffusion of cohabitation as a type of first union in Spain, which began with the women who formed a union between 1980 and 1989, and followed a top-down spread

La vida de pareja de los adultos jóvenes y las dinámicas socio-demográficas de cambio en el curso de vida. Una revisión teórica para el estudio de sus trayectorias de unión y ruptura

Recently, Western countries have witnessed major changes in the transition to adulthood. Young adults are delaying the processes of emancipation and couple and family formation. In the case of couple life, phenom-ena such as cohabitation, Living Apart Together (LAT), separation and divorce, are becoming more diverse and complex, as the timing, entering and exit to or from such states normalized and its frequency increases with the advancing of the life cycle.Such levels of heterogeneity challenge the institutionalization of the life course, as individual biographies could not be considered stable and predictable. Quite the contrary, would be subject of variations that respond both to increase of agency as well as structural barriers, both influencing the construction of their own life path.So, is the main objective of this work to propose a theoretical reflection from the sociological and demographic perspectives as a basis for the empirical analysis of changes in the couple related life of young adults through the observation of their union and breakup trajectories

L'évolution du travail des femmes en Italie : les inegalités entre les sexes et les difficultés de conciliation

Cet article étudie les déterminants de l’emploi des femmes en Italie au cours des vingt dernières années. Le but de cet article est celui d’examiner les facteurs qui ont influencé l’occupation des femmes sur le marché du travail en Italie en utilisant les données des recensements de la population de 1991 et 2001 et les données de l’It -SILC 2011, faites par l’ISTAT. En analysant les micro-données pour les trois périodes considérées on note comment les profils des femmes employées se sont modifiés soit au cours dans le temps par rapport aux non-occupées surtout pour ce qui est de l’âge, l’éducation, le nombre d’enfants et leur situation géographique. La répartition géographique reste l’un des indicateurs les plus importants là où les femmes du Nord continuent à avoir une probabilité significativement plus élevée d’être employée que dans le Centre et le Sud. Les résultats montrent que les femmes du Sud, qui sont face à un marché du travail plus difficile et un système de service quasi inexistants pour les enfants, se trouvent plus en difficulté

El divorcio como nudo biográfico. Una revisión de la literatura reciente desde la perspectiva de la vulnerabilidad post-divorcio

In this article it is proposed a new theoretical approach for the study of post-divorce that finds its conceptual basis in the context of vulnerability and its empirical basis on a review of the recent literature on the impact of divorce on its economic, health and general welfare aspects. The process of divorce is understood as a biographic knot that marks the entrance to a risky context in which the actors are forced to rethink their life project. Within the post-divorce vulnerability approach there are a certain number of factors that affects theprocess of adjusting to that situation. On one hand, there are some activating factors, which are read as signs of vulnerability and, on the other, the mediating factors that enhance or diminish the responsiveness of individuals who have experienced the breakup. The understanding of post-divorce as a process that generates vulnerability should be con-sidered as a new development and a necessary input to advance on its scientific knowledge from the socio-demographic point of view

Migración, ocupación y matrimonio: una aproximación a las relaciones de género de las parejas mixtas en España

En este artículo se analiza la condición de doble ingreso de las parejas como una manera de observar las relaciones de género en el caso particular de las uniones mixtas en el contexto de la creciente presencia de inmigrantes internacionales en España. Para ello se ha considerado simultáneamente la posición de esos hombres y mujeres inmigrantes en los mercados laboral y matrimonial. Con datos de la Encuesta de Población Activa de España para el segundo trimestre de 2007, se analizan la homogamia conyugal y las situaciones ocupacionales de los cónyuges. Las parejas se clasifican distinguiendo si ambos cónyuges están empleados o sólo uno de ellos lo está. Se aplican métodos de análisis multivariado para determinar la probabilidad de los diferentes tipos de uniones de tener uno o doble ingreso. Se realizan análisis diferenciados según la región de origen de los cónyuges inmigrantes (latinoamericanos, europeos occidentales, europeos orientales y magrebíes). En un contexto de aumento de los matrimonios mixtos y de expansión del modelo de doble ingreso en las parejas, los principales resultados revelan que en las uniones mixtas es más frecuente que los cónyuges sean mayores, y que hay una elevada heterogamia educativa; muestran asimismo que la probabilidad de un doble ingreso depende del origen de los cónyuges. Es decir, que las uniones mixtas son más o menos igualitarias en términos de género (dependiendo del sexo y el origen del cónyuge) que las uniones que los españoles están formando en la actualidad

Qualcuno volò dal nido familiare: convivenza o matrimonio? Spagna e Portogallo a confronto

In Spagna e Portogallo il matrimonio continua ad essere la forma prevalente di unione (88% di entrata in matrimonio per la Spagna e 95% per il Portogallo); anche se le generazioni di donne più giovani manifestano una maggior propensione alla convivenza rispetto alle coorti precedenti. I nati tra il 1978 e il 1985 presentano una maggiore tendenza a convivere rispetto a coloro che sono nati nella prima metà del XX secolo, più in Spagna che in Portogallo (23,9% vs 20,2%).Si noti che la convivenza, confrontata con il matrimonio quale prima unione, differisce significativamente tra i due Paesi, con una più ampia e anticipata diffusione in Spagna. La fonte di dati utilizzata permette di confrontare le differenze tra convivenza e matrimonio attraverso la loro relazione con altri eventi del corso di vita quali: l’età media all’unione, l’attività lavorativa, l’emancipazione dal nucleo familiare e la presenza di figli

Measurement of the photon polarization in Λb→Λγ\Lambda_b \to \Lambda \gamma decays

The photon polarization in $b \to s \gamma$ transitions is measured for the first time in radiative b-baryon decays exploiting the unique spin structure of $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda \gamma$ decays. A data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $6\;fb^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment in $pp$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $13\;TeV$ is used. The photon polarization is measured to be $\alpha_{\gamma}= 0.82^{\,+\,0.17\,+\,0.04}_{\,-\,0.26\,-\,0.13}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. This result is in agreement with the Standard Model prediction and previous measurements in b-meson decays. Charge-parity breaking effects are studied for the first time in this observable and found to be consistent with $CP$ symmetry.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2021-030.html (LHCb public pages

Angular analysis of D0→π+π−μ+μ−D^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- and D0→K+K−μ+μ−D^0 \to K^+K^-\mu^+\mu^- decays and search for CPCP violation

The first full angular analysis and an updated measurement of the decay-rate $CP$ asymmetry of the $D^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^-$ and $D^0 \to K^+K^-\mu^+\mu^-$ decays are reported. The analysis uses proton-proton collision data collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb$^{-1}$. The full set of $CP$-averaged angular observables and their $CP$ asymmetries are measured as a function of the dimuon invariant mass. The results are consistent with expectations from the standard model and with $CP$ symmetry.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2021-035.html (LHCb public pages