La suspensión de la ejecución del contrato en el derecho italiano.

Abstract. The article describes the legal discipline of the deferral of contract performancein italian law. Includes basic information on the exception inadimpleti contractus, adding an important study about the ability of a contracting party in a bilateral contract to suspend performance without incurring in liability in case of danger of breach by the other party. It also includes an analysis about the problems of synallagmatic contracts in case of bankruptcy of one of the parties.Resumen. El artículo describe el régimen de la suspensión del contrato en el derecho italiano. Comprende información básica sobre exceptio inadimpleti contractus, y agrega un importante desarrollo sobre la facultad de un contratante en un contrato bilateral para suspender la ejecución sin incurrir en ilicitud cuando existe un peligro de incumplimiento.Asimismo se incluye un análisis sobre las vicisitudes de los contratos sinalagmáticos en el caso de que una de las partes sea declarada en concurso de acreedores

Rimedi giudiziali e adeguamento del contenuto del contratto alle mutate circostanze di fatto.

Il saggio riproduce la relazione presentata dal professor Enrico Gabrielli al convegno internazionale «Il contratto nel sistema giuridico latinoamericano. Basi per un codice latinoamericano tipo», svoltosi a Bogotà dal 3 al 6 settembre 2001. Nel riprendere precedenti studi dell’autore sul tema e, secondo le indicazioni degli organizzatori del convegno, il testo, si propone di analizzare, anche in prospettiva comparatistica, la materia delle sopravvenienze e del recupero dell’economia del contratto, così come regolata negli istituti del diritto comune italiano, raffrontandola con quella di alcuni paesi sud americani, al fine di contribuire nel tentativo in atto di redigere e realizzare un codice uniforme per i paesi dell’area giuridica latino americana

Recent Developments in Chemical Derivatization of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC): Pre-Treatments, Functionalization, and Applications.

Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) is an isolated, colloidal crystalline portion of cellulose fibers, and it is a valuable alternative to non-renewable fossil-based materials. It is used for a large plethora of different fields, such as composites, food applications, pharmaceutical and medical developments, and cosmetic and material industries. The interest of MCC has also been driven by its economic value. In the last decade, particular attention has been driven to the functionalization of its hydroxyl groups to expand the field of applications of such biopolymer. Herein, we report and describe several pre-treatment methods that have been developed to increase the accessibility of MCC by breaking its dense structure allowing further functionalization. This review also collects the results that have appeared in the literature during the last two decades on the utilization of functionalized MCC as adsorbents (dyes, heavy metals, and carbon dioxide), flame retardants, reinforcing agents, energetic materials, such as azide- and azidodeoxy-modified, and nitrate-based cellulose and biomedical applications

Quark Mass Renormalization in the \MSbar and RI schemes up to the NNLO order

We compute the relation between the quark mass defined in the minimal modified \MSbar scheme and the mass defined in the ``Regularization Invariant" scheme (RI), up to the NNLO order. The RI scheme is conveniently adopted in lattice QCD calculations of the quark mass, since the relevant renormalization constants in this scheme can be evaluated in a non-perturbative way. The NNLO contribution to the conversion factor between the quark mass in the two schemes is found to be large, typically of the same order of the NLO correction at a scale $\mu \sim 2$ GeV. We also give the NNLO relation between the quark mass in the RI scheme and the renormalization group-invariant mass.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, 1 Figur

An efficient synthesis of bio-based Poly(urethane-acrylate) by SiO2-Supported CeCl3·7H2O–NaI as recyclable Catalyst

Poly(urethane-acrylates) (PUAs) are UV-curable resins used for biomedical applications, coatings, adhesives, and many others. Their syntheses usually involve the use of aromatic diisocyanates and polyols coming from fossil-based resources, in the presence of tin-based catalysts, which present a very well-known toxicity. In the last years the increase of environmental and economic issues related to the depletion of limited sources, the increase of greenhouse gas emissions, the release of toxic degradation compounds and the catalyst contamination has shifted the attention toward more sustainable solutions. In this study a low-impact, sustainable and efficient procedure for the synthesis of bio-based PUA promoted by solid supported CeCl3·7H2O–NaI/SiO2 was developed. This catalytic system provides the target compounds with good monomer conversion and molecular weights and allow the synthesis under heterogeneous conditions as main advantage, with the final recovery of the catalyst. We also confirmed its rapid separation, stability, and efficient recycling of the catalyst, obtaining comparable results over a seven reactions cycles. The goodness of the polymerization process under heterogeneous condition was confirmed by chemical and thermal characterizations

Oral Antiplatelet Therapy for Secondary Prevention of Non-Cardioembolic Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events

Stroke is the leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. After an acute cerebrovascular ischemia, recurrent vascular events, including recurrent stroke or transient ischemic accidents (TIA), occur in around 20% of cases within the first 3 months. In order to minimize this percentage, antiplatelet therapy may play a key role in the management of non-cardioembolic cerebrovascular events. This review will focus on the current evidence of antiplatelet therapies most commonly discussed in practice guidelines and used in clinical practice for the treatment of stroke/TIA complications. The antiplatelet therapies most commonly used and discussed are as follows: aspirin, clopidogrel, and ticagrelor

Human milk glycosaminoglycans: the state of the art and future perspectives

Recently, a complete characterization and detailed evaluation of the glycosaminoglicans of human milk were performed. The total glycosaminoglican content in milk from healthy mothers having delivered term or preterm newborns showed a constant pattern which was essentially composed of two main polysaccharides: chondroitin sulfate (60-70%) and heparin (30-40%). Moreover, considerable variations of glycosaminoglican concentration were found during the first month of lactation, the highest values being present in colostrum compared to mature milk. Metabolism and potential biological functions of human milk glycosaminoglicans are hypothesized and future studies are encouraged

Targeted DNA oxidation by LSD1–SMAD2/3 primes TGF-β1/ EMT genes for activation or repression

Abstract The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex transcriptional program induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). Histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has been recognized as a key mediator of EMT in cancer cells, but the precise mechanism that underlies the activation and repression of EMT genes still remains elusive. Here, we characterized the early events induced by TGF-β1 during EMT initiation and establishment. TGF-β1 triggered, 30–90 min post-treatment, a nuclear oxidative wave throughout the genome, documented by confocal microscopy and mass spectrometry, mediated by LSD1. LSD1 was recruited with phosphorylated SMAD2/3 to the promoters of prototypic genes activated and repressed by TGF-β1. After 90 min, phospho-SMAD2/3 downregulation reduced the complex and LSD1 was then recruited with the newly synthesized SNAI1 and repressors, NCoR1 and HDAC3, to the promoters of TGF-β1-repressed genes such as the Wnt soluble inhibitor factor 1 gene (WIF1), a change that induced a late oxidative burst. However, TGF-β1 early (90 min) repression of transcription also required synchronous signaling by reactive oxygen species and the stress-activated kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase. These data elucidate the early events elicited by TGF-β1 and the priming role of DNA oxidation that marks TGF-β1-induced and -repressed genes involved in the EMT

Kidney biopsy findings in a critically ill COVID-19 patient with dialysis-dependent. acute kidney injury: a case against \u201cSARS-CoV-2 nephropathy

NO abstract available- Case repor

Psychological treatments and psychotherapies in the neurorehabilitation of pain. Evidences and recommendations from the italian consensus conference on pain in neurorehabilitation

BACKGROUND: It is increasingly recognized that treating pain is crucial for effective care within neurological rehabilitation in the setting of the neurological rehabilitation. The Italian Consensus Conference on Pain in Neurorehabilitation was constituted with the purpose identifying best practices for us in this context. Along with drug therapies and physical interventions, psychological treatments have been proven to be some of the most valuable tools that can be used within a multidisciplinary approach for fostering a reduction in pain intensity. However, there is a need to elucidate what forms of psychotherapy could be effectively matched with the specific pathologies that are typically addressed by neurorehabilitation teams. OBJECTIVES: To extensively assess the available evidence which supports the use of psychological therapies for pain reduction in neurological diseases. METHODS: A systematic review of the studies evaluating the effect of psychotherapies on pain intensity in neurological disorders was performed through an electronic search using PUBMED, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Based on the level of evidence of the included studies, recommendations were outlined separately for the different conditions. RESULTS: The literature search yielded 2352 results and the final database included 400 articles. The overall strength of the recommendations was medium/low. The different forms of psychological interventions, including Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, cognitive or behavioral techniques, Mindfulness, hypnosis, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Brief Interpersonal Therapy, virtual reality interventions, various forms of biofeedback and mirror therapy were found to be effective for pain reduction in pathologies such as musculoskeletal pain, fibromyalgia, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, Central Post-Stroke pain, Phantom Limb Pain, pain secondary to Spinal Cord Injury, multiple sclerosis and other debilitating syndromes, diabetic neuropathy, Medically Unexplained Symptoms, migraine and headache. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological interventions and psychotherapies are safe and effective treatments that can be used within an integrated approach for patients undergoing neurological rehabilitation for pain. The different interventions can be specifically selected depending on the disease being treated. A table of evidence and recommendations from the Italian Consensus Conference on Pain in Neurorehabilitation is also provided in the final part of the pape