The Kumaraswamy-G Poisson Family of Distributions

For any baseline continuous G distribution, we propose a new generalized family called the Kumaraswamy-G Poisson (denoted with the prefix “Kw-GP”) with three extra positive parameters. Some special distributions in the new family such as the Kw-Weibull Poisson, Kw-gamma Poisson and Kw-beta Poisson distributions are introduced. We derive some mathematical properties of the new family including the ordinary moments, generating function and order statistics. The method of maximum likelihood is used to fit the distributions in the new family. We illustrate its potentiality by means of an application to a real data set

Suplementação de vitamina C associada à densidade de criação no desempenho de frangos de corte

Avaliou-se o efeito da suplementação da vitamina C (75 e 150 mg/kg) na alimentação de frangos de corte machos sob condições de estresse de calor e superlotação. As aves foram criadas sobre "cama" de cavaco de madeira nas lotações de 10 e 14 aves/m². O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial (3 níveis de vitamina C na ração e 2 lotações), com 5 repetições. Os resultados indicaram que o aumento da lotação de criação prejudicou (PThe effect of vitamin C supplementation (75 and 150 mg/kg) was evaluated in male broiler feeding under heat stress, crowding and normal floor space conditions. The results showed that crowding conditions (10 vs. 14 birds/m²) affected negatively (

Interaction between androgen receptor and coregulator SLIRP is regulated by Ack1 tyrosine kinase and androgen

Aberrant activation of the androgen receptor (AR) may play a critical role in castration resistant prostate cancer. After ligand binding, AR is recruited to the androgen responsive element (ARE) sequences on the DNA where AR interaction with coactivators and corepressors modulates transcription. We demonstrated that phosphorylation of AR at Tyr-267 by Ack1/TNK2 tyrosine kinase results in nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and androgen-dependent gene transcription in a low androgen environment. In order to dissect downstream mechanisms, we searched for proteins whose interaction with AR was regulated by Ack1. SLIRP (SRA stem-loop interacting RNA binding protein) was identified as a candidate protein. Interaction between AR and SLIRP was disrupted by Ack1 kinase activity as well as androgen or heregulin treatment. The noncoding RNA, SRA, was required for AR-SLIRP interaction. SLIRP was bound to ARE’s of AR target genes in the absence of androgen. Treatment with androgen or heregulin led to dissociation of SLIRP from the ARE. Whole transcriptome analysis of SLIRP knockdown in androgen responsive LNCaP cells showed that SLIRP affects a significant subset of androgen-regulated genes. Our data suggest that Ack1 kinase and androgen regulate interaction between AR and SLIRP and that SLIRP functions as a coregulator of AR with properties of a corepressor in a context-dependent manner

Characterizing top gated bilayer graphene interaction with its environment by Raman spectroscopy

In this work we study the behavior of the optical phonon modes in bilayer graphene devices by applying top gate voltage, using Raman scattering. We observe the splitting of the Raman G band as we tune the Fermi level of the sample, which is explained in terms of mixing of the Raman (Eg) and infrared (Eu) phonon modes, due to different doping in the two layers. We theoretically analyze our data in terms of the bilayer graphene phonon self-energy which includes non-homogeneous charge carrier doping between the graphene layers. We show that the comparison between the experiment and theoretical model not only gives information about the total charge concentration in the bilayer graphene device, but also allows to separately quantify the amount of unintentional charge coming from the top and the bottom of the system, and therefore to characterize the interaction of bilayer graphene with its surrounding environment

Erosion of four Brazilian coastal deltas: how dam construction is changing the natural pattern of coastal sedimentary systems

Abstract Reservoir-building on rivers is still “the Brazilian energy culture”, such that many other dams are being constructed and planned, with many other rivers potentially suffering the same impact in their sediment flux. In this study, we evaluated the impacts of reservoir-building on the erosion of the São Francisco, Jequitinhonha, Doce, and Paraíba do Sul river deltas. A time series of Landsat images from 1973 to 2020 was analyzed, with three key highlighted moments (1973, 1997 and 2020) that summarize the erosion processes on these deltas. In addition to the images, continuous river water discharge, sediment discharge and basin rainfall data were analyzed between 1940 and 2020, providing river parameters over a period exceeding that of the satellite data. The findings suggest that coastal erosion has progressed in the four deltas, with higher estimated losses in the São Francisco and Paraíba do Sul over the 47 years of available satellite images. However, despite minimal overall estimated gains, the Jequitinhonha and Doce experienced high erosion at their river mouths, as in the other two rivers, compensated by accretion in distal coastal areas. These results can be explained by reductions in river flux and consequent sediment transport capacity due to reservoirs

A polymorphic residue that attenuates the antiviral potential of interferon lambda 4 in hominid lineages

As antimicrobial signalling molecules, type III or lambda interferons (IFNλs) are critical for defence against infection by diverse pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Counter-intuitively, expression of one member of the family, IFNλ4, is associated with decreased clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the human population; by contrast, a natural frameshift mutation that abrogates IFNλ4 production improves HCV clearance. To further understand how genetic variation between and within species affects IFNλ4 function, we screened a panel of all known extant coding variants of human IFNλ4 for their antiviral potential and identify three that substantially affect activity: P70S, L79F and K154E. The most notable variant was K154E, which was found in African Congo rainforest ‘Pygmy’ hunter-gatherers. K154E greatly enhanced in vitro activity in a range of antiviral (HCV, Zika virus, influenza virus and encephalomyocarditis virus) and gene expression assays. Remarkably, E154 is the ancestral residue in mammalian IFNλ4s and is extremely well conserved, yet K154 has been fixed throughout evolution of the hominid genus Homo, including Neanderthals. Compared to chimpanzee IFNλ4, the human orthologue had reduced activity due to amino acid K154. Comparison of published gene expression data from humans and chimpanzees showed that this difference in activity between K154 and E154 in IFNλ4 correlates with differences in antiviral gene expression in vivo during HCV infection. Mechanistically, our data show that the human-specific K154 negatively affects IFNλ4 activity through a novel means by reducing its secretion and potency. We thus demonstrate that attenuated activity of IFNλ4 is conserved among humans and postulate that differences in IFNλ4 activity between species contribute to distinct host-specific responses to—and outcomes of—infection, such as HCV infection. The driver of reduced IFNλ4 antiviral activity in humans remains unknown but likely arose between 6 million and 360,000 years ago in Africa

A polymorphic residue that attenuates the antiviral potential of interferon lambda 4 in hominid lineages

As antimicrobial signalling molecules, type III or lambda interferons (IFNλs) are critical for defence against infection by diverse pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Counter-intuitively, expression of one member of the family, IFNλ4, is associated with decreased clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the human population; by contrast, a natural frameshift mutation that abrogates IFNλ4 production improves HCV clearance. To further understand how genetic variation between and within species affects IFNλ4 function, we screened a panel of all known extant coding variants of human IFNλ4 for their antiviral potential and identify three that substantially affect activity: P70S, L79F and K154E. The most notable variant was K154E, which was found in African Congo rainforest ‘Pygmy’ hunter-gatherers. K154E greatly enhanced in vitro activity in a range of antiviral (HCV, Zika virus, influenza virus and encephalomyocarditis virus) and gene expression assays. Remarkably, E154 is the ancestral residue in mammalian IFNλ4s and is extremely well conserved, yet K154 has been fixed throughout evolution of the hominid genus Homo, including Neanderthals. Compared to chimpanzee IFNλ4, the human orthologue had reduced activity due to amino acid K154. Comparison of published gene expression data from humans and chimpanzees showed that this difference in activity between K154 and E154 in IFNλ4 correlates with differences in antiviral gene expression in vivo during HCV infection. Mechanistically, our data show that the human-specific K154 negatively affects IFNλ4 activity through a novel means by reducing its secretion and potency. We thus demonstrate that attenuated activity of IFNλ4 is conserved among humans and postulate that differences in IFNλ4 activity between species contribute to distinct host-specific responses to—and outcomes of—infection, such as HCV infection. The driver of reduced IFNλ4 antiviral activity in humans remains unknown but likely arose between 6 million and 360,000 years ago in Africa

Obtención de variedades mejoradas de cebada en Colombia.

El mejoramiento de la cebada en Colombia se inició en forma definida en 1951, con el objeto de obtener variedades superiores a las existentes. Se coleccionó el material nativo a lo largo de la zona cebadera, se evaluó dicha colección y se utilizó como fuente de variación, junto con la Colección Mundial de Cebada y con algunos segregantes procedentes de los Estados Unidos y Méjico. Por el sistema de selección, empleando el método de línea pura se obtuvo la variedad Funza, de 6 hileras, precoz, buenos rendimientos, buena calidad, amplia adaptación, esta variedad permitió adelantar efectivamente una campaña de fomento del cultivo de la cebada en Colombia. Empleando el método masal se obtuvo la variedad Selección Común, de 6 hileras, variedad de transición y emergencia para enfrentar el enanismo de nariño (enfermedad virosa de importancia económica en el sur del país y Ecuador). Por el sistema de hibridación, mediante el manejo genealógico del material se obtuvieron las variedades: Galeras, de 6 hileras, resistente a enanismo, la 124, de 6 hileras, precoz, de mejores rendimientos que las anteriores, su calidad industrial ha sido muy controvertida, sin embargo, se ha aceptado transitoriamente ante la acogida de los agricultores mientras se obtienen otras de mejor calidad.Cebada-Hordeum vulgar

Surgical approach in correction of a crack in the gnathotheca of a black swan (Cygnus atratus, Latham, 1790) - First case report

ABSTRACT The black swan (Cygnus atratus, LATHAM, 1790) is a bird kept as an ornamental in zoos. Because of their long beaks they tend to have a reserved prognosis in musculoskeletal disorders such as beak trauma, secondary to skull bone fractures, presenting irreversible lesions. The aim of this report is present a clinical surgical innovation in the repair of a black swan’s gnathotheca fissure with the application of non-conventional materials used. It was observed that one of the swans kept in a zoo display area had difficulty feeding, with associated weight loss. It was observed tissue loss and a lacerative lesion in the caudal sublingual region of its beak. The lesion was corrected by a separate simple suture in the cranial region of the beak and with a x-clamping using steel surgical wire and the application of dental resin in the distal region to perform a sustentation bridge in the beak end-gap. After 12 days, the animal was able to feed again and remained perfectly adapted to the restoration, reestablishing the anatomical and physiological function of its beak