ANALYSIS OF THE AERIAL AND LANDING PHASES OF THE GRAND JETE

The purpose of this study was to quantify the ground reaction forces, moments of forces and moment powers during the landing from the ballet jump called the grand jete. In addition, the flight phase was examined to determine whether the illusion of linear motion occurred. Laws (2002) has stated that it is possible for dancers to give the illusion of "floating" or traveling linearly rather than parabolically during the flight phase of a grand jete by raising the arms and/or the legs at an appropriate speed

Response of montane tall-forb communities to 2,4-D and mixtures of 2,4-D and picloram

Tall-forb communities occur on deep soils of the upper montane and subalpine zones of the Rocky Mountains and extend from southwestern Montana to southern Utah. In the Centennial Mountains of Montana, forbs comprise >80% of the annual yields, including 30-35% sticky geranium (Geranium viscosissimum) and 20-25% Potentilla spp. Tall-forb communities are rich in species diversity and very productive, but many of the forbs are not palatable to grazing ungulates. Suppression of the less palatable species, like sticky geranium, would increase the forage value for grazing. In 1983 and 1984 adjacent plots were sprayed during weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4 in July, with 2,4-D[(2,4 Dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid, isooctyl ester] applied at 1.1 or 2.2 kg 2,4-D/ha or 2.2 kg 2,4-D/ha plus 0.6 kg/ha of the potassium salt of picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid). Forage yields were measured in August of 1984, 85, and 86. Total forage yields ranged from 2,700 to 3,000 kg/ha on the untreated areas. Forb yields were significantly reduced, especially by the 2,4-D + picloram treatment. Herbicide treatments applied during flower-stalk development to first fower of sticky geranium were most effective. Grass and sedge production partially compensated for reductions in forb yields. Interseeding of introduced species into herbicide treated plots in 1983 was unsuccessful. Forb and grass production is expected to return to levels similar to those on untreated areas after 5 years

Forage yield and quality trends of annual grasses in the Great Basin

Grazing animals readily eat medusahead (Taeniatherum asperum [Sim.] Neuski) and cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) during the short time when plants are green and succulent. Cheatgrass, the more important of the two, is a primary source of spring forage in the Great Basin. It is characterized by a short green-feed period, large yearly variations in yield, and declining forage quality as plants dry. However, cattle eat mature cheatgrass and gain as well as cattle grazing on matured perennial grasses growing in the same area

Enhancement of low-mass dileptons in heavy-ion collisions

Using a relativistic transport model for the expansion stage of S+Au collisions at 200 GeV/nucleon, we show that the recently observed enhancement of low-mass dileptons by the CERES collaboration can be explained by the decrease of vector meson masses in hot and dense hadronic matter.Comment: 12 pages, RevTeX, 3 figures available from [email protected]

Syndromic surveillance to assess the potential public health impact of the Icelandic volcanic ash plume across the United Kingdom, April 2010

The Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland erupted on 14 April 2010 emitting a volcanic ash plume that spread across the United Kingdom and mainland Europe. The Health Protection Agency and Health Protection Scotland used existing syndromic surveillance systems to monitor community health during the incident: there were no particularly unusual increases in any of the monitored conditions. This incident has again demonstrated the use of syndromic surveillance systems for monitoring community health in real time

Chasing the identification of ASCA Galactic Objects (ChIcAGO): An X-ray survey of unidentified sources in the galactic plane. I : Source sample and initial results

We present the Chasing the Identification of ASCA Galactic Objects (ChIcAGO) survey, which is designed to identify the unknown X-ray sources discovered during the ASCA Galactic Plane Survey (AGPS). Little is known about most of the AGPS sources, especially those that emit primarily in hard X-rays (2-10 keV) within the Fx 10-13 to 10-11 erg cm -2 s-1 X-ray flux range. In ChIcAGO, the subarcsecond localization capabilities of Chandra have been combined with a detailed multiwavelength follow-up program, with the ultimate goal of classifying the >100 unidentified sources in the AGPS. Overall to date, 93 unidentified AGPS sources have been observed with Chandra as part of the ChIcAGO survey. A total of 253 X-ray point sources have been detected in these Chandra observations within 3′ of the original ASCA positions. We have identified infrared and optical counterparts to the majority of these sources, using both new observations and catalogs from existing Galactic plane surveys. X-ray and infrared population statistics for the X-ray point sources detected in the Chandra observations reveal that the primary populations of Galactic plane X-ray sources that emit in the Fx 10-13 to 10-11 erg cm -2 s-1 flux range are active stellar coronae, massive stars with strong stellar winds that are possibly in colliding wind binaries, X-ray binaries, and magnetars. There is also another primary population that is still unidentified but, on the basis of its X-ray and infrared properties, likely comprises partly Galactic sources and partly active galactic nuclei.Peer reviewedSubmitted Versio

High speed single pixel imaging with advanced microLED digital light projector

We demonstrate high speed single pixel imaging using an advanced microLED-on-CMOS array. We show 128x128 pixel image reconstruction at an effective frame rate of 3.8fps and lower resolution reconstructions at over 120fps. The method is demonstrated to be compatible with common compressive imaging techniques

Long-term perturbations due to a disturbing body in elliptic inclined orbit

In the current study, a double-averaged analytical model including the action of the perturbing body's inclination is developed to study third-body perturbations. The disturbing function is expanded in the form of Legendre polynomials truncated up to the second-order term, and then is averaged over the periods of the spacecraft and the perturbing body. The efficiency of the double-averaged algorithm is verified with the full elliptic restricted three-body model. Comparisons with the previous study for a lunar satellite perturbed by Earth are presented to measure the effect of the perturbing body's inclination, and illustrate that the lunar obliquity with the value 6.68\degree is important for the mean motion of a lunar satellite. The application to the Mars-Sun system is shown to prove the validity of the double-averaged model. It can be seen that the algorithm is effective to predict the long-term behavior of a high-altitude Martian spacecraft perturbed by Sun. The double-averaged model presented in this paper is also applicable to other celestial systems.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figure

Effects of in-medium vector meson masses on low-mass dileptons from SPS heavy-ion collisions

Using a relativistic transport model to describe the expansion of the fire-cylinder formed in the initial stage of heavy-ion collisions at SPS/CERN energies, we study the production of dileptons with mass below about 1 GeV from these collisions. The initial hadron abundance and their momentum distributions in the fire-cylinder are determined by following the general features of the results from microscopic models based on the string dynamics and further requiring that the final proton and pion spectra and rapidity distributions are in agreement with available experimental data. For dilepton production, we include the Dalitz decay of $\pi ^0$, $\eta$, $\eta^\prime$, $\omega$ and $a_1$ mesons, the direct decay of primary $\rho ^0$, $\omega$ and $\phi$ mesons, and the pion-pion annihilation that proceeds through the $\rho^0$ meson, the pion-rho annihilation that proceeds through the $a_1$ meson, and the kaon-antikaon annihilation that proceeds through the $\phi$ meson. We find that the modification of vector meson properties, especially the decrease of their mass due to the partial restoration of chiral symmetry, in hot and dense hadronic matter, provides a quantitative explanation of the recently observed enhancement of low-mass dileptons by the CERES collaboration in central S+Au collisions and by the HELIOS-3 collaboration in central S+W collisions.Comment: 46 pages, LaTeX, figures available from [email protected], to appear in Nucl. Phys.

Strangeness Enhancement in p+Ap+A and S+AS+A Interactions at SPS Energies

The systematics of strangeness enhancement is calculated using the HIJING and VENUS models and compared to recent data on $\,pp\,$, $\,pA\,$ and $\,AA\,$ collisions at CERN/SPS energies ($200A\,\, GeV\,$). The HIJING model is used to perform a {\em linear} extrapolation from $pp$ to $AA$. VENUS is used to estimate the effects of final state cascading and possible non-conventional production mechanisms. This comparison shows that the large enhancement of strangeness observed in $S+Au$ collisions, interpreted previously as possible evidence for quark-gluon plasma formation, has its origins in non-equilibrium dynamics of few nucleon systems. % Strangeness enhancement %is therefore traced back to the change in the production dynamics %from $pp$ to minimum bias $pS$ and central $SS$ collisions. A factor of two enhancement of $\Lambda^{0}$ at mid-rapidity is indicated by recent $pS$ data, where on the average {\em one} projectile nucleon interacts with only {\em two} target nucleons. There appears to be another factor of two enhancement in the light ion reaction $SS$ relative to $pS$, when on the average only two projectile nucleons interact with two target ones.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures in uuencoded postscript fil