925 research outputs found
Average-energy games
Two-player quantitative zero-sum games provide a natural framework to
synthesize controllers with performance guarantees for reactive systems within
an uncontrollable environment. Classical settings include mean-payoff games,
where the objective is to optimize the long-run average gain per action, and
energy games, where the system has to avoid running out of energy.
We study average-energy games, where the goal is to optimize the long-run
average of the accumulated energy. We show that this objective arises naturally
in several applications, and that it yields interesting connections with
previous concepts in the literature. We prove that deciding the winner in such
games is in NP inter coNP and at least as hard as solving mean-payoff games,
and we establish that memoryless strategies suffice to win. We also consider
the case where the system has to minimize the average-energy while maintaining
the accumulated energy within predefined bounds at all times: this corresponds
to operating with a finite-capacity storage for energy. We give results for
one-player and two-player games, and establish complexity bounds and memory
requirements.Comment: In Proceedings GandALF 2015, arXiv:1509.0685
Resigned indifference: an explanation of gaps in care for culturally and linguistically diverse patients'
Aims: To develop a theory that explains students and registered nursesā behaviours when caring for culturally and linguistically diverse patientsā.
Background: Despite ongoing calls for improvements to the quality of patient care, the continued reports of substandard care to patients from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds are concerning.
Methods: A classic grounded theory methodology incorporating focus groups (n-10) and individual interviews (n-30) with students and registered nurses in one region of Ireland.
Findings: Participants resolved their main concern of uncertainty through disengagement (masking, distancing and fitting in), which was sustained by resigned indifference, resulting in gaps in care. Resigned indifference explains how participants were aware of the consequences of disengagement, but became resigned and accepting of substandard care.
Conclusion: This study explains how nurses want to provide quality care, but gaps in care to culturally and linguistically diverse patientsā are perpetuated through resigned indifference.
Implications for Nursing Management: Nurse Managers need to understand nursesā behaviours as a means of supporting collective ways of addressing gaps in care for culturally and linguistically diverse patients. Strategic leadership in developing culturally responsive structures is essential. Nurturing nursing values such as; commitment, compassion, and courage through education and leadership is a priority
Privileged Communications between Counsel and the Corporate Client
At present inconsistent lower federal appellate court decisions governing the use of the attorney-client privilege and work-product doctrine apply to the discovery of communications between counsel and the corporate client. Because of the distinctions that have developed in the application of the corporate attorney-client privilege and work-product doctrine due to the unique factual settings in which the issues have arisen, prior case law may not be totally preempted by the Supreme Court decision in Upjohn. This article will explore some of these divergent opinions to determine the probable effect that the Court\u27s decision in Upjohn will have upon communications between counsel and the corporate client
Privileged Communications between Counsel and the Corporate Client
At present inconsistent lower federal appellate court decisions governing the use of the attorney-client privilege and work-product doctrine apply to the discovery of communications between counsel and the corporate client. Because of the distinctions that have developed in the application of the corporate attorney-client privilege and work-product doctrine due to the unique factual settings in which the issues have arisen, prior case law may not be totally preempted by the Supreme Court decision in Upjohn. This article will explore some of these divergent opinions to determine the probable effect that the Court\u27s decision in Upjohn will have upon communications between counsel and the corporate client
Privileged Communications between Counsel and the Corporate Client
At present inconsistent lower federal appellate court decisions governing the use of the attorney-client privilege and work-product doctrine apply to the discovery of communications between counsel and the corporate client. Because of the distinctions that have developed in the application of the corporate attorney-client privilege and work-product doctrine due to the unique factual settings in which the issues have arisen, prior case law may not be totally preempted by the Supreme Court decision in Upjohn. This article will explore some of these divergent opinions to determine the probable effect that the Court\u27s decision in Upjohn will have upon communications between counsel and the corporate client
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Characterizing HV XLPE cables by electrical, chemical and microstructural measurements on cable peeling: Effects of surface roughness, thermal treatment and peeling location
Characterization of the electrical, chemical, and microstructural properties of high voltage cables was the first step of the European project āARTEMISā, which has the aim of investigating degradation processes and constructing aging models for the diagnosis of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables. Cables produced by two different manufacturers were subjected to a large number of electrical, microstructural, and chemical characterizations, using cable peelings, instead of lengths of whole cables, as specimens for the measurements. Here the effect of surface deformation and roughness due to peeling and the relevance and significance of thermal pre-treatment prior to electrical and other measurements is discussed. Special emphasis is put on space charge, conduction current and luminescence measurements. We also consider the dependence of these properties on the spatial position of the specimen within the cable. It is shown that even though the two faces of the cable peel specimens have different roughness, the low-field electrical properties seem quite insensitive to surface roughness, while significant differences are detectable at high fields. Thermal pre-treatment is required to stabilize the insulating material to enable us to obtain reproducible results and reliable inter-comparisons throughout the whole project. The spatial position of the specimens along the cable radius can also have a non-negligible influence on the measured properties, due to differential microstructure and chemical composition
Equilibrium Configurations of Strongly Magnetized Neutron Stars with Realistic Equations of State
We investigate equilibrium sequences of magnetized rotating stars with four
kinds of realistic equations of state (EOSs) of SLy (Douchin et al.), FPS
(Pandharipande et al.), Shen (Shen et al.), and LS (Lattimer & Swesty).
Employing the Tomimura-Eriguchi scheme to construct the equilibrium
configurations. we study the basic physical properties of the sequences in the
framework of Newton gravity. In addition we newly take into account a general
relativistic effect to the magnetized rotating configurations. With these
computations, we find that the properties of the Newtonian magnetized stars,
e.g., structure of magnetic field, highly depends on the EOSs.
The toroidal magnetic fields concentrate rather near the surface for Shen and
LS EOSs than those for SLy and FPS EOSs. The poloidal fields are also affected
by the toroidal configurations. Paying attention to the stiffness of the EOSs,
we analyze this tendency in detail. In the general relativistic stars, we find
that the difference due to the EOSs becomes small because all the employed EOSs
become sufficiently stiff for the large maximum density, typically greater than
. The maximum baryon mass of the magnetized stars
with axis ratio increases about up to twenty percents for that of
spherical stars. We furthermore compute equilibrium sequences at finite
temperature, which should serve as an initial condition for the hydrodynamic
study of newly-born magnetars. Our results suggest that we may obtain
information about the EOSs from the observation of the masses of magnetars.Comment: submitted to MNRA
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