Preventive conservation plan for library buildings in La Plata, Argentina

This summary shows the advances of a project called “Development of building environmental management and continuous monitoring for preventive conservation in UNLP libraries” which is now taking place in the libraries of the National University of La Plata. It is essential to know the hygrothermal condition inside the book deposits, as one of the first preventive measures to become aware of the state of conservation of the books. The aim of the study is to propose a systematic environmental monitoring method to verify compatibility between measured parameters and optimal preservation conditions. Annual monitoring campaign was performed in twelve libraries with diverse results according to the characteristics of the envelope and HVAC systems. It is the first time that a formal monitoring campaign has taken place in these library buildings. We met staff well disposed and eager to achieve better results. We provide a standard report model suitable for the institutions as a decision-making tool, with simultaneous analysis of temperature and relative humidity, according to the local climate.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Evaluación de impacto programa Jóvenes con Futuro

En este documento se presentan los resultados de la evaluación de impacto del programa de capacitación Jóvenes con Futuro (JCF), cuyo objetivo es desarrollar la formación con programas de educación para el trabajo y el desarrollo humano en jóvenes de escasos recursos que no hayan formado parte del conflicto armado. Utilizando la metodología de Diferencias en Diferencias (DD) se determinó el impacto del Programa en variables como la probabilidad de estar trabajando, el nivel de ingresos, la calidad del empleo y la probabilidad de seguir estudiando, entre otras. Adicionalmente, para probar la robustez de los resultados se midió el impacto del Programa mezclando las metodologías de Diferencias en Diferencias (DD) y de Emparejamiento por Probabilidad de Participación (EPP). Los resultados muestran un aumento significativo en la probabilidad de estar trabajando y en los ingresos una vez terminado el programa. Sin embargo no se encontró un impacto significativo en temas de calidad del empleo, pues no aumenta la probabilidad de tener un contrato a término indefinido ni existen efectos sobre la formalidad.Evaluación de Impacto, Educación, Empleo, Colombia.

Phosphorus supply affects zinc uptake in wheat plant

La contribución de los flujos unidireccionales de zinc (Zn) a la absorción neta de este catión divalente fue estudiada en plantas de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivadas en hidroponia con dos niveles de fósforo (0,05 y 5 mol P. m-3). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, en niveles de P y Zn no limitantes del crecimiento, tanto la absorción como el transporte neto de Zn al vástago se incrementaron al aumentar la concentración externa de P. La mayor absorción neta de Zn en el suministro más alto de P fue atribuido al aumento del influjo, junto con un descenso del cociente eflujo:influjo. Estos resultados muestran que el nivel de suministro de P es capaz de modular ambos flujos unidireccionales de Zn. Por otro lado, el seguimiento del influjo de Zn, tras cambiar la concentración externa de P desde 5 a 0,05 mol m-3 de P, y viceversa, puso en evidencia un patrón consistente con la idea de que el flujo de entrada de Zn es modulado por el fósforo presente en las raíces. Se discute la posibilidad de que la fracción de P acumulada en el citoplasma radical sea la responsable de esta forma de regulación, en condiciones de suministro óptimo de ambos nutrientes.The effect of phosphorus (P) supply on net uptake and unidirectional zinc (Zn) fluxes was studied in 21 day old wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in nutrient solution. The supply both P and Zn were in the range in which did not limit plant growth. The higher the level of P supply the higher both net Zn uptake and net Zn translocation to the shoot. The enhanced net uptake of Zn at 5 mol m-3 P relative to that measured at 0.05 mol m-3 P, was due to a higher Zn-influx added to a lower ratio between the efflux and influx of Zn. Thus, our results showed that the level of P supply modulats the long term regulation of both unidirectional Zn-fluxes. The short term response of Zn-influx when changing the external level of P supply from 5 to 0.05 mol. m-3, and vice versa, is consistent with the idea that an endogenous effect of P is involved in such a regulation. The possibility is discussed of P-concentration in root cytoplasm modulating Zn-influx in plants with supraoptimum P and Zn supplies.Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales (FCAF

Phosphorus supply affects zinc uptake in wheat plant

La contribución de los flujos unidireccionales de zinc (Zn) a la absorción neta de este catión divalente fue estudiada en plantas de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivadas en hidroponia con dos niveles de fósforo (0,05 y 5 mol P. m-3). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, en niveles de P y Zn no limitantes del crecimiento, tanto la absorción como el transporte neto de Zn al vástago se incrementaron al aumentar la concentración externa de P. La mayor absorción neta de Zn en el suministro más alto de P fue atribuido al aumento del influjo, junto con un descenso del cociente eflujo:influjo. Estos resultados muestran que el nivel de suministro de P es capaz de modular ambos flujos unidireccionales de Zn. Por otro lado, el seguimiento del influjo de Zn, tras cambiar la concentración externa de P desde 5 a 0,05 mol m-3 de P, y viceversa, puso en evidencia un patrón consistente con la idea de que el flujo de entrada de Zn es modulado por el fósforo presente en las raíces. Se discute la posibilidad de que la fracción de P acumulada en el citoplasma radical sea la responsable de esta forma de regulación, en condiciones de suministro óptimo de ambos nutrientes.The effect of phosphorus (P) supply on net uptake and unidirectional zinc (Zn) fluxes was studied in 21 day old wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in nutrient solution. The supply both P and Zn were in the range in which did not limit plant growth. The higher the level of P supply the higher both net Zn uptake and net Zn translocation to the shoot. The enhanced net uptake of Zn at 5 mol m-3 P relative to that measured at 0.05 mol m-3 P, was due to a higher Zn-influx added to a lower ratio between the efflux and influx of Zn. Thus, our results showed that the level of P supply modulats the long term regulation of both unidirectional Zn-fluxes. The short term response of Zn-influx when changing the external level of P supply from 5 to 0.05 mol. m-3, and vice versa, is consistent with the idea that an endogenous effect of P is involved in such a regulation. The possibility is discussed of P-concentration in root cytoplasm modulating Zn-influx in plants with supraoptimum P and Zn supplies.Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales (FCAF

Functionalization of lamellar molybdenum disulphide nanocomposite with gold nanoparticles

This work explores the functionalization of an organic-inorganic MoS2 lamellar compound, prepared by a Chemical Liquid Deposition Method (CLD), that has an interlamellar distance of ~5.2 nm, using clusters of gold nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles have a mean diameter of 1.2 nm, a stability of ~85 days, and a zeta potential measured to be ζ = -6.8 mV (solid). The nanoparticles are localized in the hydrophilic zones, defined by the presence of amine groups of the surfactant between the lamella of MoS2. SEM, TEM, EDAX and electron diffraction provide conclusive evidence of the interlamellar insertion of the gold nanoparticles in the MoS2

Tuning zirconia-supported metal catalysts for selective one-step hydrogenation of levoglucosenone

[EN] Levoglucosenone, directly produced from cellulose-containing residual biomass via pyrolysis treatments, is believed to be a promising bio-renewable platform for both fine and commodity chemicals. In this work, the possibilities given by tuneable catalysts based on Pd and Pt supported on metallic oxides to produce the desired product in the one-pot hydrogenation of levoglucosenone are evaluated. Particularly, the excellent catalytic performance of Pd/ZrO2 and Pt/ZrO2 type materials for the synthesis of dihydrolevoglucosenone (or Cyrene) and levoglucosanol, respectively, during the mild hydrogenation of levoglucosenone is demonstrated. In the Cyrene synthesis, the Pd/t-ZrO2 material showed the best catalytic activity compared to other Pd-supported on metallic oxides. This catalyst achieved nearly 95% yields of Cyrene by working under mild reaction conditions, with very low catalyst loadings (¿3 wt%) and using water as the solvent. On the other hand, the one-pot hydrogenation of levoglucosenone to levoglucosanol is reported for the first time with a Pt-based heterogeneous catalyst (Pt/ZrO2-mix, yield ¿90%), by working at low temperatures and mild H2 pressures with water as the solvent. Comparison of the results attained with other Pt-supported metallic oxides let us to conclude that the metal crystal facets (specifically the 100 facet) play an important role in the hydrogenation process to give levoglucosanol selectively. In addition, the stability and re-usability of both catalysts under operational conditions are also evaluated. Finally, catalytic tests including the use of crude bio-liquids obtained from cellulose-rich biomass pyrolysis and containing ¿66 wt% of levoglucosenone are also assayed, thus demonstrating the possibility of scaling-up the process over these metals supported on zirconia catalysts.Financial support by the Spanish Government (CTQ-201567592, SEV-2016-0683 and PGC2018-097277-B-100) is gratefully acknowledged. R.S. thanks the CONICET financial support (CONICET-CSIC, PVCE Program, RD 4183/15). J.M. thanks MICINN (CTQ2015-67592) for the PhD fellowship. Authors also thank the Electron Microscopy Service of Universitat Politecnica de Valencia for their support.Mazarío-Santa-Pau, J.; Parreño-Romero, M.; Concepción Heydorn, P.; Chávez-Sifontes, M.; Spanevello, RA.; Comba, MB.; Suárez, AG.... (2019). Tuning zirconia-supported metal catalysts for selective one-step hydrogenation of levoglucosenone. Green Chemistry. 21(17):4769-4785. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9gc01857cS476947852117Corma, A., Iborra, S., & Velty, A. (2007). Chemical Routes for the Transformation of Biomass into Chemicals. Chemical Reviews, 107(6), 2411-2502. doi:10.1021/cr050989dCherubini, F. (2010). The biorefinery concept: Using biomass instead of oil for producing energy and chemicals. Energy Conversion and Management, 51(7), 1412-1421. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2010.01.015Krishna, S. H., Huang, K., Barnett, K. J., He, J., Maravelias, C. T., Dumesic, J. A., … Weckhuysen, B. M. (2018). Oxygenated commodity chemicals from chemo-catalytic conversion of biomass derived heterocycles. AIChE Journal, 64(6), 1910-1922. doi:10.1002/aic.16172Dobele, G., Rossinskaja, G., Telysheva, G., Meier, D., & Faix, O. (1999). Cellulose dehydration and depolymerization reactions during pyrolysis in the presence of phosphoric acid. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 49(1-2), 307-317. doi:10.1016/s0165-2370(98)00126-0Sarotti, A. M., Spanevello, R. A., & Suárez, A. G. (2007). An efficient microwave-assisted green transformation of cellulose into levoglucosenone. Advantages of the use of an experimental design approach. Green Chemistry, 9(10), 1137. doi:10.1039/b703690fKudo, S., Zhou, Z., Yamasaki, K., Norinaga, K., & Hayashi, J. (2013). Sulfonate Ionic Liquid as a Stable and Active Catalyst for Levoglucosenone Production from Saccharides via Catalytic Pyrolysis. Catalysts, 3(4), 757-773. doi:10.3390/catal3040757Kudo, S., Goto, N., Sperry, J., Norinaga, K., & Hayashi, J. (2016). Production of Levoglucosenone and Dihydrolevoglucosenone by Catalytic Reforming of Volatiles from Cellulose Pyrolysis Using Supported Ionic Liquid Phase. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 5(1), 1132-1140. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02463Kudo, S., Zhou, Z., Norinaga, K., & Hayashi, J. (2011). Efficient levoglucosenone production by catalytic pyrolysis of cellulose mixed with ionic liquid. Green Chemistry, 13(11), 3306. doi:10.1039/c1gc15975eLu, Q., Ye, X., Zhang, Z., Dong, C., & Zhang, Y. (2014). Catalytic fast pyrolysis of cellulose and biomass to produce levoglucosenone using magnetic SO42−/TiO2–Fe3O4. Bioresource Technology, 171, 10-15. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.075Wang, Z., Lu, Q., Zhu, X.-F., & Zhang, Y. (2010). Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Cellulose to Prepare Levoglucosenone Using Sulfated Zirconia. ChemSusChem, 4(1), 79-84. doi:10.1002/cssc.201000210Corne, V., Botta, M. C., Giordano, E. D. V., Giri, G. F., Llompart, D. F., Biava, H. D., … Spanevello, R. A. (2013). Cellulose recycling as a source of raw chirality. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 85(8), 1683-1692. doi:10.1351/pac-con-12-11-10Tsai, Y., Borini Etichetti, C. M., Di Benedetto, C., Girardini, J. E., Martins, F. T., Spanevello, R. A., … Sarotti, A. M. (2018). Synthesis of Triazole Derivatives of Levoglucosenone As Promising Anticancer Agents: Effective Exploration of the Chemical Space through retro-aza-Michael//aza-Michael Isomerizations. The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 83(7), 3516-3528. doi:10.1021/acs.joc.7b03141Comba, M. B., Tsai, Y., Sarotti, A. M., Mangione, M. I., Suárez, A. G., & Spanevello, R. A. (2017). Levoglucosenone and Its New Applications: Valorization of Cellulose Residues. European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2018(5), 590-604. doi:10.1002/ejoc.201701227Zanardi, M. M., & Suárez, A. G. (2009). Synthesis of a simple chiral auxiliary derived from levoglucosenone and its application in a Diels–Alder reaction. Tetrahedron Letters, 50(9), 999-1002. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.12.048Shafizadeh, F., & Chin, P. P. S. (1977). Preparation of 1,6-anhydro-3,4-dideoxy-β-D-glycero-hex-3-enopyranos-2-ulose (levoglucosenone) and some derivatives thereof. Carbohydrate Research, 58(1), 79-87. doi:10.1016/s0008-6215(00)83406-0Krishna, S. H., McClelland, D. J., Rashke, Q. A., Dumesic, J. A., & Huber, G. W. (2017). Hydrogenation of levoglucosenone to renewable chemicals. Green Chemistry, 19(5), 1278-1285. doi:10.1039/c6gc03028aKrishna, S. H., Assary, R. S., Rashke, Q. A., Schmidt, Z. R., Curtiss, L. A., Dumesic, J. A., & Huber, G. W. (2018). Mechanistic Insights into the Hydrogenolysis of Levoglucosanol over Bifunctional Platinum Silica–Alumina Catalysts. ACS Catalysis, 8(5), 3743-3753. doi:10.1021/acscatal.7b03764Sherwood, J., De bruyn Mario, Constantinou, A., Moity, L., McElroy, C. R., Farmer, T. J., … Clark, J. H. (2014). Dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) as a bio-based alternative for dipolar aprotic solvents. Chem. Commun., 50(68), 9650-9652. doi:10.1039/c4cc04133jZhang, J., White, G. B., Ryan, M. D., Hunt, A. J., & Katz, M. J. (2016). Dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) As a Green Alternative to N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) in MOF Synthesis. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 4(12), 7186-7192. doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02115Zhang, X., Wang, T., Ma, L., Zhang, Q., Huang, X., & Yu, Y. (2013). Production of cyclohexane from lignin degradation compounds over Ni/ZrO2–SiO2 catalysts. Applied Energy, 112, 533-538. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.077Emeis, C. A. (1993). Determination of Integrated Molar Extinction Coefficients for Infrared Absorption Bands of Pyridine Adsorbed on Solid Acid Catalysts. Journal of Catalysis, 141(2), 347-354. doi:10.1006/jcat.1993.1145Jacob, K.-H., Knözinger, E., & Benier, S. (1993). Adsorption sites on polymorphic zirconia. J. Mater. Chem., 3(6), 651-657. doi:10.1039/jm9930300651Englisch, M., Jentys, A., & Lercher, J. A. (1997). Structure Sensitivity of the Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde over Pt/SiO2and Pt/TiO2. Journal of Catalysis, 166(1), 25-35. doi:10.1006/jcat.1997.1494Delbecq, F., & Sautet, P. (1995). Competitive CC and CO Adsorption of α-β-Unsaturated Aldehydes on Pt and Pd Surfaces in Relation with the Selectivity of Hydrogenation Reactions: A Theoretical Approach. Journal of Catalysis, 152(2), 217-236. doi:10.1006/jcat.1995.1077Li, H., Calle-Vallejo, F., Kolb, M. J., Kwon, Y., Li, Y., & Koper, M. T. M. (2013). Why (1 0 0) Terraces Break and Make Bonds: Oxidation of Dimethyl Ether on Platinum Single-Crystal Electrodes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 135(38), 14329-14338. doi:10.1021/ja406655qYamagishi, S., Fujimoto, T., Inada, Y., & Orita, H. (2005). Studies of CO Adsorption on Pt(100), Pt(410), and Pt(110) Surfaces Using Density Functional Theory. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 109(18), 8899-8908. doi:10.1021/jp050722iBertarione, S., Scarano, D., Zecchina, A., Johánek, V., Hoffmann, J., Schauermann, S., … Freund, H.-J. (2004). Surface Reactivity of Pd Nanoparticles Supported on Polycrystalline Substrates As Compared to Thin Film Model Catalysts:  Infrared Study of CO Adsorption. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 108(11), 3603-3613. doi:10.1021/jp036718

Preventive conservation plan for library buildings in La Plata, Argentina

This summary shows the advances of a project called “Development of building environmental management and continuous monitoring for preventive conservation in UNLP libraries” which is now taking place in the libraries of the National University of La Plata. It is essential to know the hygrothermal condition inside the book deposits, as one of the first preventive measures to become aware of the state of conservation of the books. The aim of the study is to propose a systematic environmental monitoring method to verify compatibility between measured parameters and optimal preservation conditions. Annual monitoring campaign was performed in twelve libraries with diverse results according to the characteristics of the envelope and HVAC systems. It is the first time that a formal monitoring campaign has taken place in these library buildings. We met staff well disposed and eager to achieve better results. We provide a standard report model suitable for the institutions as a decision-making tool, with simultaneous analysis of temperature and relative humidity, according to the local climate.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Organ-specific allergen challenges in airway allergy: Current utilities and future directions

Atopy has been long used as the screening method for airway allergy. Nevertheless, aeroallergens can trigger respiratory symptoms not only in atopic patients (atopic res piratory allergy, ARA), but also in non-atopic subjects (local respiratory allergy, LRA). Moreover, ARA and LRA can coexist in the same patient, and this clinical scenario has been called dual respiratory allergy (DRA). When the clinical history cannot determine the relevance of sensitizations in ARA patients, nasal, conjunctival or bronchial aller gen challenges (NAC, CAC, and BAC, respectively) should be conducted. Moreover, these tests are required to identify patients with LRA and DRA. The clarification of the allergic triggers of airway diseases has a profound impact on the management strategies the patients can be offered. Importantly, allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remains as the only disease-modifying intervention for ARA. Recent data indicate that AIT might have a similar effect on LRA patients. Nevertheless, AIT success relies largely on the correct phenotyping of allergic individuals, and NAC, CAC, and BAC are very helpful tools in this regard. In this review, we will summarize the main indications and methodology of CAC, NAC, and BAC. Importantly, the clinical implementation of these tests might translate into precision medicine approaches and better health outcomes for patients with airway allergy.Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía, Grant/Award Number: P20_00405; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grant/Award Number: PI20/01715, RD21/0002/0008, CM21/00262, CM20/00160, JR22/00048 and JR19/00029. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA

Monitoreo estival de condiciones ambientales en archivo de protocolos del Colegio Escribanos de Buenos Aires

En el marco de los proyecto de investigación de la UNLP U143 Plan de contingencia ambiental para bibliotecas, archivos y museos ante el cambio climático y U141 "Certificación de edificios sustentables para la adaptación y mitigación del cambio climático" se realizaron mediciones del comportamiento ambiental en los archivos de protocolos del Colegio de Escribanos de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Previo a nuevas ampliaciones el cuerpo técnico del Colegio solicitó un programa de monitoreo ambiental con el fin de evaluar el comportamiento higrotérmico de la solución de climatización pasiva adoptada. Esto con el fin de introducir modificaciones de diseño de sistemas pasivos que permitan mantener un rango de clima interior que evite el deterioro los protocolos. Se realizó un análisis de la envolvente y un monitoreo medioambiental con estación meteorológica Davis, dataloggers Hobo y monitor medioambiental ELSEC. El edificio tiene muy baja transmitancia térmica y su contextura es liviana. Los valores de iluminancia en algunos sectores exceden el máximo recomendado. Se recomienda el filtrado de radiación exterior y la incorporación de masa al interior del edificio.Área temática 2: Tecnología - Eje InvestigaciónFacultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

Monitoreo estival de condiciones ambientales en archivo de protocolos del Colegio Escribanos de Buenos Aires

En el marco de los proyecto de investigación de la UNLP U143 Plan de contingencia ambiental para bibliotecas, archivos y museos ante el cambio climático y U141 "Certificación de edificios sustentables para la adaptación y mitigación del cambio climático" se realizaron mediciones del comportamiento ambiental en los archivos de protocolos del Colegio de Escribanos de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Previo a nuevas ampliaciones el cuerpo técnico del Colegio solicitó un programa de monitoreo ambiental con el fin de evaluar el comportamiento higrotérmico de la solución de climatización pasiva adoptada. Esto con el fin de introducir modificaciones de diseño de sistemas pasivos que permitan mantener un rango de clima interior que evite el deterioro los protocolos. Se realizó un análisis de la envolvente y un monitoreo medioambiental con estación meteorológica Davis, dataloggers Hobo y monitor medioambiental ELSEC. El edificio tiene muy baja transmitancia térmica y su contextura es liviana. Los valores de iluminancia en algunos sectores exceden el máximo recomendado. Se recomienda el filtrado de radiación exterior y la incorporación de masa al interior del edificio.Área temática 2: Tecnología - Eje InvestigaciónFacultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism