Bilateral relations between the United Mexican States and the European Union. A case of study of the Erasmus mundus program and its impact on mexican students

The aim of this research is to analyze if the implementation of the Erasmus Mundus program has created a positive impact on the bilateral relations between the United Mexican States and the European Union in the time frame that goes from 2009 to 2014. The hypothesis that this research is pursuing is if bilateral relations have created a positive impact by implementing the Erasmus Mundus program. This is a longitudinal quantitative and analytical research. Primary sources such as dictionaries, books and scientific journals and secondary sources such as articles and researches are used in order to obtain all the desired information. The source and data analysis are made by descriptive statistics that allow to create a good description of the particular objects. To represent the results obtained there are presented tables and graphics that shown the quantity of Mexican applications in the period that goes from 2009 to 2014. 11% of Mexican applicants are accepted, this is a considerable percentage but there is still so much more to do in order to improve these programs because without any question academic exchange programs allow the progress of a better quality of life and for those who can expand their horizons it makes a better life, a better present and future

Catálise Enzimática: Transesterificação do Óleo de Soja e Esterificação do Ácido Oleico via Lipases

Resumo: O presente trabalho descreve o estudo da catálise enzimática em reações de transesterificação do óleo de soja e esterificação do ácido oleico. Foram estudadas as seguintes enzimas: Candida antarctica, Candida rugosa, Candida cylindracea, Hog pancreas, Porcine pancreas, Rhizopus niveus e Pseudomonas fluorescens. Todas as reações foram realizadas com 5,0% do biocatalisador e os rendimentos das reações foram determinados por CG-FID e os resultados expressos em percentagem (%) de conversão de ésteres. Tanto em reações de transesterificação quanto esterificação a lipase de maior eficiência foi a de Candida antarctica resultando em um rendimento na esterificação de 96,5% e na transesterificação o óleo de soja 84,1%. Todas as reações foram analisadas por CG-FID e RMN.Palavras-chave: Biodiesel, biocatálise, bioenergia

Transplantul renal de la donatorul viu înrudit

Summary. Renal transplantation from living relating donors. In accordance with the Republic of Moldova low "Regarding organs and tissues transplantation», during December 2001-August 2002 in the Center of Kidney Transplantation, Republican Clinical Hospital were performed 5 transplants from living relating donors (mother, father). We initiated this program because of the drastic diminution of the kidneys from "brain dead» donors. We analyzed the results of the transplantation, time of the reestablishment of the kidney function, donor rehabilitation. The short-term results show a very good function of the kidneys from living relating donors

MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERCONDUCTING NANO CRYSTALLINE CERAMIC YSrBiCuO BY THERMAL TECHNIQUES

The nano-sized ceramic superconducting material YSBCO having perovskite structure was prepared according to the chemical formula by the thermo chemical solid state reaction technique using a high-energy ball milling process through mechanically assisted synthesis. It was characterized by XRD, SEM and EDX. Here the authours studied the thermal characterization using TGA, DTA and DSC

A community-based qualitative study on the experience and understandings of intimate partner violence and HIV vulnerability from the perspectives of female sex workers and male intimate partners in North Karnataka state, India.

BACKGROUND: Research has increasingly documented the important role that violence by clients and the police play in exacerbating HIV vulnerability for women in sex work. However few studies have examined violence in the intimate relationships of women in sex work, or drawn on community partnerships to explore the social dynamics involved. A community-based participatory research study was undertaken by community and academic partners leading intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV prevention programs in Bagalkot district, Karnataka state, India. The purpose was to explore the experience and understandings of intimate partner violence and HIV/AIDS among women in sex work and their intimate partners in Bagalkot that would inform both theory and practice. METHODS: A community-based, interpretive qualitative methodology was used. Data was collected between July and October 2014 through in-depth interviews with 38 participants, including 10 couples, 13 individual female sex workers, and 5 individual male intimate partners. Purposive sampling was done to maximize variation on socio-demographic characteristics. Thematic content analysis was conducted through coding and categorization for each interview question in NVivo 10.0, followed by collaborative analysis to answer the research questions. RESULTS: The results showed that an array of interrelated, multi-level factors underlay the widespread acceptance and perpetuation of violence and lack of condom use in participants' intimate relationships. These included individual expectations that justified violence and reflected societal gender norms, compounded by stigma, legal and economic constraints relating to sex work. The results demonstrate that structural vulnerability to IPV and HIV must be addressed not only on the individual and relationship levels to resolve relevant triggers of violence and lack of condom use, but also the societal-level to address gender norms and socio-economic constraints among women in sex work and their partners. CONCLUSION: The study contributes to a better understanding on the interplay of individual agency and structural forces at a time when researchers and program planners are increasingly pondering how best to address complex and intersecting social and health issues. Ongoing research should assess the generalizability of the results and the effectiveness of structural interventions aiming to reduce IPV and HIV vulnerability in other contexts

Pursuing Authenticity From Process to Outcome in a Community-Based Participatory Research Study of Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Vulnerability in North Karnataka, India.

Community-based participatory research has been seen to hold great promise by researchers aiming to bridge research and action in global health programs and practice. However, there is still much debate around whether achieving authenticity in terms of in-depth collaboration between community and academic partners is possible while pursuing academic expectations for quality. This article describes the community-based methodology for a qualitative study to explore intimate partner violence and HIV/AIDS among women in sex work, or female sex workers, and their male partners in Karnataka, South India. Developed through collaborative processes, the study methodology followed an interpretive approach to qualitative inquiry, with three key components including long-term partnerships, knowledge exchange, and orientation toward action. We then discuss lessons learned on how to pursue authenticity in terms of truly collaborative processes with inherent value that also contribute to, rather than hinder, the instrumental goal of enhancing the quality and relevance of the research outcomes

A vacuum double-crystal spectrometer for reference-free highly charged ions X-ray spectroscopy

We have built a vacuum double crystal spectrometer, which coupled to an electron-cyclotron resonance ion source, allows to measure low-energy x-ray transitions in highly-charged ions with accuracies of the order of a few parts per million. We describe in detail the instrument and its performances. Furthermore, we present a few spectra of transitions in Ar$^{14+}$, Ar$^{15+}$ and Ar$^{16+}$. We have developed an ab initio simulation code that allows us to obtain accurate line profiles. It can reproduce experimental spectra with unprecedented accuracy. The quality of the profiles allows the direct determination of line width.Comment: 21 pages; Version

Comprehensive analysis of the major histocompatibility complex in systemic sclerosis identifies differential HLA associations by clinical and serological subtypes

Objective: The greatest genetic effect reported for systemic sclerosis (SSc) lies in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) locus. Leveraging the largest SSc genome-wide association study, we aimed to fine-map this region to identify novel human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genetic variants associated with SSc susceptibility and its main clinical and serological subtypes. Methods: 9095 patients with SSc and 17 584 controls genome-wide genotyped were used to impute and test single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the MHC, classical HLA alleles and their composite amino acid residues. Additionally, patients were stratified according to their clinical and serological status, namely, limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc), diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc), anticentromere (ACA), antitopoisomerase (ATA) and anti-RNApolIII autoantibodies (ARA). Results: Sequential conditional analyses showed nine SNPs, nine classical alleles and seven amino acids that modelled the observed associations with SSc. This confirmed previously reported associations with HLA-DRB1∗11:04 and HLA-DPB1∗13:01, and revealed a novel association of HLA-B∗08:01. Stratified analyses showed specific associations of HLA-DQA1∗02:01 with lcSSc, and an exclusive association of HLA-DQA1∗05:01 with dcSSc. Similarly, private associations were detected in HLA-DRB1∗08:01 and confirmed the previously reported association of HLA-DRB1∗07:01 with ACA-positive patients, as opposed to the HLA-DPA1∗02:01 and HLA-DQB1∗03:01 alleles associated with ATA presentation. Conclusions: This study confirms the contribution of HLA class II and reveals a novel association of HLA class I with SSc, suggesting novel pathways of disease pathogenesis. Furthermore, we describe specific HLA associations with SSc clinical and serological subtypes that could serve as biomarkers of disease severity and progression