Equal opportunities: Do shareable interfaces promote more group participation than single users displays?

Computers designed for single use are often appropriated suboptimally when used by small colocated groups working together. Our research investigates whether shareable interfaces–that are designed for more than one user to inter-act with–can facilitate more equitable participation in colocated group settings compared with single user displays. We present a conceptual framework that characterizes Shared Information Spaces (SISs) in terms of how they constrain and invite participation using different entry points. An experiment was conducted that compared three different SISs: a physical-digital set-up (least constrained), a multitouch tabletop (medium), and a laptop display (most constrained). Statistical analyses showed there to be little difference in participation levels between the three conditions other than a predictable lack of equity of control over the interface in the laptop condition. However, detailed qualitative analyses revealed more equitable participation took place in the physical-digital condition in terms of verbal utterances over time. Those who spoke the least contributed most to the physical design task. The findings are discussed in relation to the conceptual framework and, more generally, in terms of how to select, design, and combine different display technologies to support collaborative activities

Raman spectrum of U4O9: a new interpretation of damage lines in UO2

International audienceCharacterisation of uranium oxides in different conditions is a challenge both in nuclear and environment sciences. We focus here on U4O9, which is a superstructure of UO2. Homogeneous U4O9 powder was fabricated and characterised by Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectrum of a pure-phase U4O9 is, for the first time, completely described and interpreted. U4O9 Raman spectrum derives from the well characterised one of UO2. Besides reminiscent modes of UO2, a band at 630 cm-1, which has a specific response to polarised light, was interpreted as characteristic of clusters of interstitial oxygen atoms. These experimental data will help to rationalise the interpretation of UO2 damaged samples

A possible new mechanism for defect formation in irradiated UO2

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Reply to comment on "Glass-specific behavior in the damping of acoustic-like vibrations"

0031-9007 079602International audiencenon

Analyse multivariée d'une cartographie raman: étude d'un échantillon de carbure de silicium irradié par des ions Au6+

International audienceMultivariate analysis of a Raman mapping: Study of an Au6+ irradiated Silicon carbide. In order to probe the spatial distribution of damage caused by ion irradiation in 6H-SiC, a Raman line-mapping in depth has previously been recorded: F. Linez et al., I Raman Spectrosc. (2012), in press. Visual analysis of the mapping allows distinguishing two main areas: damaged and undamaged. The damaged area can be divided in three sub-areas. Previously, we reconstructed the mapping by a linear combination of three spectra chosen arbitrarily in the mapping. Here, we go beyond this rather empirical procedure and provide a more rigorous justification for the sub-areas, using the concept of blind source separation (SVD, ICA and BPSS). This comparison allows validating the choice of sub-areas, whose existence is supported by all three techniques

Bartonella quintana infective endocarditis in a homeless man with unexpected positive blood culture

International audienceBartonella species represent important causative agents of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis (IE). Their diagnosis represents a challenge for microbiologists and often relies on serological and molecular tools. However, even if the sensitivity of blood culture remains low, it should not be definitely ruled out. Indeed, we report the unusual case of a 22 year-old Guinean homeless man diagnosed with an IE due to Bartonella quintana. Unexpectedly, conventional blood cultures were positive after 13 days of incubation. Subculture was obtained on blood and chocolate agar, after 15 days of incubation in a 5 % CO2 atmosphere. Bacterial identification was obtained up to the species level using molecular tools (16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing). A literature review of B. quintana blood culture-positive IE was conducted and revealed eighteen similar reported cases on a 25-year period. This case illustrates that, despite low sensitivity, Bartonella IE may be diagnosed thanks to prolonged blood culture

Structural Characterization of Graphitized Carbon Matter by Raman Spectroscopy: Effect of Polishing

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Determination of the disorder profile in an ion-implanted silicon carbide single crystal by Raman spectroscopy

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