781 research outputs found
Do we understand the incompressibility of neutron-rich matter?
The ``breathing mode'' of neutron-rich nuclei is our window into the
incompressibility of neutron-rich matter. After much confusion on the
interpretation of the experimental data, consistency was finally reached
between different models that predicted both the distribution of isoscalar
monopole strength in finite nuclei and the compression modulus of infinite
matter. However, a very recent experiment on the Tin isotopes at the Research
Center for Nuclear Physics(RCNP) in Japan has again muddled the waters.
Self-consistent models that were successful in reproducing the energy of the
giant monopole resonance (GMR) in nuclei with various nucleon asymmetries (such
as 90Zr, 144Sm, and 208Pb) overestimate the GMR energies in the Tin isotopes.
As important, the discrepancy between theory and experiment appears to grow
with neutron excess. This is particularly problematic as models artificially
tuned to reproduce the rapid softening of the GMR in the Tin isotopes become
inconsistent with the behavior of dilute neutron matter. Thus, we regard the
question of ``why is Tin so soft?'' as an important open problem in nuclear
structure.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, and 1 table. Submitted to the "Focus issue on
Open Problems in Nuclear Structure", Journal of Physics
Short Report: Initial Pilot of a Brief Career Development Program for Autistic Young Adults
Background Many autistic young adults may struggle to progress to further education or employment after high school, highlighting the need for tailored career development programs. If provided with the proper resources and support, the obstacles faced by autistic youth in pursuing post-secondary activities may decrease. Aims This pilot study aimed to examine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a brief career development program consisting of a strengths and challenges intervention paired with a 12-week workshop intervention. Methods and procedures We studied the participants\u27 changes in confidence and participation in pursuing post-secondary activities using a series of questionnaires in 20 participants, ages 16–23. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) and Strong Interest Inventory (SII) helped the participants choose a post-secondary path. The 1–9 Vocational Index Scale measured post-secondary participation and hours working in a normed fashion. The Confidence Index Interval: Entering Workforce measured the participants’ perceived confidence related to career transition. Outcomes and results Our results suggested that a brief career development program paired with a strengths and challenges intervention significantly increased post-secondary involvement in autistic young adults (N = 20, p = 0.014). There were no significant changes in confidence. Conclusions and implications These findings provide proof of concept of a brief career development program using the MBTI and SII in young adults with ASD. What this paper adds Research in career development and transition for autistic young adults reveals that career interventions specific to the autistic population are lacking. Our pilot study explores a new type of intervention that incorporates the analysis of personal strengths and challenges with a 12-week transition workshop. Our project is the first to utilize the MBTI and SII as a tool to guide autistic youth in choosing a post-secondary path. The results of our study suggest that our program significantly improves post-secondary participation in autistic young adults. The findings provide proof of concept of using the MTBI and SII with a 12-week workshop for autistic young adults. At the end of our program, several participants began pursuing post-secondary education on track to obtain associate’s (N = 8) or bachelor’s (N = 3) degrees. Some began trade school (N = 3) and internships (N = 2), and others began employment or onboarding to employment (N = 4). Given the need for more evidence-based career interventions for autistic adults, our pilot study contributes significantly to autism research to better serve the autistic population
Surface decoration of catanionic vesicles with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: a model system for triggered release under moderate temperature conditions
International audienceWe report the design of new catanionic vesicles decorated with iron oxide nanoparticles, which could be used as a model system to illustrate controlled delivery of small solutes under mild hyperthermia. Efficient release of fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G was observed when samples were exposed to an oscillating magnetic field. Our system provides direct evidence for reversible permeability upon magnetic stimulation
Remote multiparametric monitoring and management of heart failure patients through cardiac implantable electronic devices
In this review we focus on heart failure (HF) which, as known, is associated with a substantial risk of hospitalizations and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including death. In recent years, systems to monitor cardiac function and patient parameters have been developed with the aim to detect subclinical pathophysiological changes that precede worsening HF. Several patient-specific parameters can be remotely monitored through cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) and can be combined in multiparametric scores predicting patients’ risk of worsening HF with good sensitivity and moderate specificity. Early patient management at the time of pre-clinical alerts remotely transmitted by CIEDs to physicians might prevent hospitalizations. However, it is not clear yet which is the best diagnostic pathway for HF patients after a CIED alert, which kind of medications should be changed or escalated, and in which case in-hospital visits or in-hospital admissions are required. Finally, the specific role of healthcare professionals involved in HF patient management under remote monitoring is still matter of definition. We analyzed recent data on multiparametric monitoring of patients with HF through CIEDs. We provided practical insights on how to timely manage CIED alarms with the aim to prevent worsening HF. We also discussed the role of biomarkers and thoracic echo in this context, and potential organizational models including multidisciplinary teams for remote care of HF patients with CIEDs
Pygmies, Giants, and Skins
Understanding the equation of state (EOS) of neutron-rich matter is a central
goal of nuclear physics that cuts across a variety of disciplines. Indeed, the
limits of nuclear existence, the collision of energetic heavy ions, the
structure of neutron stars, and the dynamics of core-collapse supernova all
depend critically on the nuclear-matter EOS. In this contribution I focus on
the EOS of cold baryonic matter with special emphasis on its impact on the
structure, dynamics, and composition of neutron stars. In particular, I discuss
how laboratory experiments on neutron skins as well as on Pygmy and Giant
resonances can help us elucidate the structure of these fascinating objects.Comment: Invited Talk given at the 11th International Conference on
Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (NN2012), San Antonio, Texas, USA, May 27-June 1,
2012. To appear in the NN2012 Proceedings in Journal of Physics: Conference
Series (JPCS
Influence of agricultural practices and ecological environment on the diversity of the fallows of forest origin (Highlands, Madagascar)
The present study relates to the fallow (kapoka) of forest
origin in western edge of the forested “corridor” Ranomafana-Andringitra on the Malagasy Highlands. The
objectives of this research were to characterize the evolution of the vegetation in the fallows and to describe
the cultivation parameters and those related to the ecological environment in order to determine those which
could infl uence the dynamics of succession. A synchronic approach was adopted: 14 fallow fields of different
ages were retained. Formal investigations and pedological studies were carried out in the fields. The
results showed that: (1) the fallow vegetation can be in a progressive evolution leading to a shrubby and
wooded vegetation when intensity of exploitation, characterized by the cumulated duration of the cultivated
period, mode of tillage, and the age of the fallow, is weak; on the other hand when intensity of exploitation
is high the regressive evolution leading to a grassy formation of pseudo-steppic type occurs; (2) vegetation
diversity within each field in fallow is low (from 3 to 41 species), whereas when scale is changed, total
diversity for the 14 fields is much more important (107 species)La présente étude concerne les jachères (kapoka) d'origine forestière en lisière ouest du « corridor » forestier Ranomafana-Andringitra sur les Hautes-Terres malgaches. Les objectifs de cette recherche sont de caractériser
l'évolution de la végétation dans les jachères et de décrire les paramètres culturaux et liés à la station, afin de déterminer ceux qui pourraient influencer la dynamique de succession. Une approche synchronique a été adoptée: 14 parcelles d'âges différents ont été retenues. Des enquêtes
formelles et des études pédologiques ont été effectuées dans les parcelles. Il ressort des résultats que: (1) la végétation des jachères peut évoluer d'une manière progressive si l'intensité d'exploitation, caractérisée par la durée cumulée de la phase culture, le mode de préparation du sol,
et l'âge de la jachère, est faible, sinon, c'est l'évolution régressive aboutissant à une formation herbeuse de type pseudo-steppe qui l'emporte; (2) la diversité végétale au sein de chaque parcelle en jachère est faible (de 3 à 41 espèces), alors que si l'on change d'échelle, la diversité
totale pour les 14 parcelles est beaucoup plus importante (107 espèces)
GSK3-mediated raptor phosphorylation supports amino acid-dependent Q2 mTORC1-directed signalling
The mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) is a ubiquitously expressed multimeric protein kinase complex that integrates nutrient and growth factor signals for the co-ordinated regulation of cellular metabolism and cell growth. Herein, we demonstrate that suppressing the cellular activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), by use of pharmacological inhibitors or shRNA-mediated gene silencing, results in substantial reduction in amino acid (AA)-regulated mTORC1-directed signalling, as assessed by phosphorylation of multiple downstream mTORC1 targets. We show that GSK3 regulates mTORC1 activity through its ability to phosphorylate the mTOR-associated scaffold protein raptor (regulatory-associated protein of mTOR) on Ser(859). We further demonstrate that either GSK3 inhibition or expression of a S859A mutated raptor leads to reduced interaction between mTOR and raptor and under these circumstances, irrespective of AA availability, there is a consequential loss in phosphorylation of mTOR substrates, such as p70S6K1 (ribosomal S6 kinase 1) and uncoordinated-51-like kinase (ULK1), which results in increased autophagic flux and reduced cellular proliferation
Tokenizzazione di azioni e azioni tokens
Il lavoro analizza il fenomeno della rappresentazione delle partecipazioni azionarie in tokens e delle azioni tokens native. Dopo una breve illustrazione della circolazione della ric- chezza nella tecnologia a registro distribuito (distributed ledger technology, c.d. DLT), lo studio esamina la nozione di cripto-attività e la relativa tassonomia, come elaborate dalla proposta di Regolamento (UE) MiCA (Market in Crypto-Asset), evidenziando le criticità di inquadramento. L’attenzione si sofferma altresì sulle verosimili ripercussioni dell’approvazione del Regolamento (UE) 2022/858 relativo a un regime pilota. Successivamente il contributo approfondisce le cripto-attività nella prospettiva societaria mediante una valutazione di assimilabilità dei security tokens ai tradizionali strumenti finanziari e svolge una distinzione tra security tokens e utility tokens e tra utility tokens e NFT (non-fungible tokens). Muovendo da una ricostruzione delle tecniche di legittimazione e circolazione delle partecipazioni sociali previste dal Codice civile, il testo delinea la possibilità di rappresentare, de iure condito, azioni, quote o altri strumenti so- cietari su DLT e ne valuta la compatibilità con il quadro giuridico vigente. In conclusione, il lavoro formula alcune proposte de iure condendo per l’applicazione della tecnologia DLT nelle infra- strutture di mercato
GEM DETECTORS FOR THE TRANSVERSE PROFILE MEASUREMENT OF LOW ENERGY ANTIPROTONS AND HIGH ENERGY HADRONS
Abstract Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) are finding more and more applications in beam instrumentation
Optimization of relativistic mean field model for finite nuclei to neutron star matter
We have optimized the parameters of extended relativistic mean-field model
using a selected set of global observables which includes binding energies and
charge radii for nuclei along several isotopic and isotonic chains and the
iso-scalar giant monopole resonance energies for the Zr and Pb
nuclei. The model parameters are further constrained by the available
informations on the energy per neutron for the dilute neutron matter and bounds
on the equations of state of the symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter at
supra-nuclear densities. Two new parameter sets BSP and IUFSU* are obtained,
later one being the variant of recently proposed IUFSU parameter set. The BSP
parametrization uses the contributions from the quartic order cross-coupling
between and mesons to model the high density behaviour of the
equation of state instead of the meson self-coupling as in the case of
IUFSU* or IUFSU. Our parameter sets yield appreciable improvements in the
binding energy systematics and the equation of state for the dilute neutron
matter. The importance of the quartic order cross coupling term
of the extended RMF model, as often ignored, is realized.Comment: 22 pages, 11 figures, Nucl. Phys. A (in press
- …