Presentations of higher dimensional Thompson groups

In a previous paper, we defined a higher dimensional analog of Thompson's group V, and proved that it is simple, infinite, finitely generated, and not isomorphic to any of the known Thompson groups. There are other Thompson groups that are infinite, simple and finitely presented. Here we show that the new group is also finitely presented by calculating an explicit finite presentation.Comment: 35 pages, to appear in J. Algebr

Navigating the Diverse Dimensions of Stereotypes, with Domain Specific Deficits: Processes of Trait Judgments about Individuals with Disabilities

Stereotype groups are interrelated. For example, in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States, racial minorities are referred to special education at a much higher rate than are majority racial groups (Tse, Lloyd, Petchkovsky, and Manaia, 2005; Harry, Arnaiz, Klingner, Sturges, 2008). The Stereotype Content Model describes stereotype relationships in terms of an interaction between competence and warmth. Warmth is the more consistent dimension. The nature of competence remains elusive (Fiske, Cuddy, and Glick, 2007; Fiske, Cuddy, Glick, and Xu, 2002). Knowledge of relationships between stereotype groups, which themselves may be effects of bias, could factor into observed competence effects. Disabilities are characterized by objective competence deficits. Disabilities stereotype research allow for more refined models of competence. While competence perception may vary between disabilities, with different domains of competence deficits, unifying disability schemas may also exist. In either case, different competence processes could be inferred. We compared ratings on the Fiske scale (FC, FW), a multimodal competence scale (MMC), a quality of life scale (QL-T), and an overt threat scale (OPT) for five disability groups (DS) and a set of established stereotype (ES) groups. Our MMC analysis indicates the competence dimension and stereotype group interaction was more significant for DS and ES together than for DS alone. This is surprising, because the multimodal competence scale was designed to target specific disability groups. Results indicate there may be some unifying disability schema. Marginally significant differences between disability groups on the QL-T indicate complex relationships between disabilities stereotypes may also exist

Twenty-first semiannual report to Congress, 1 January - 30 June 1969

Manned space flights, satellite observations, space sciences, and air traffic control - NASA report to Congress for 1 Jan. to 30 June 196

A Measurement of the Magnitude of the Electrokinetic Current in Liquid Flow through a Single Capillary

The potential difference, E, between the two ends of a capillary, through which a steady flow of liquid was maintained, was measured by means of unpolarizable electrodes connected to a potentiometer circuit, and at the same time shunted through a known resistance, R. The value of R was varied from 1 to 98000 megohms. For each value of R there was a corresponding value of E, and a current, I (=E/R), through the resistance. The electrokinetic current, Ie, was obtained by extrapolating the plot of E/R versus R to the limit R=O

Geometrical multilayers: coercivity in magnetic 3-D nanostructures

Electrodeposition of magnetic metals through self-assembly templates from polystyrene spheres is used for fabrication of magnetic nanostructures with 3-D architectures. These arrays demonstrate unusual properties including an oscillatory dependence of the coercive field on film thickness. Numerical simulations reveal that the ratio between the array period and the hole diameter in anti-dot array is a crucial parameter giving rise to qualitatively distinct magnetization reversal regimes

Gyrotropic impact upon negatively refracting surfaces

Surface wave propagation at the interface between different types of gyrotropic materials and an isotropic negatively refracting medium, in which the relative permittivity and relative permeability are, simultaneously, negative is investigated. A general approach is taken that embraces both gyroelectric and gyromagnetic materials, permitting the possibility of operating in either the low GHz, THz or the optical frequency regimes. The classical transverse Voigt configuration is adopted and a complete analysis of non-reciprocal surface wave dispersion is presented. The impact of the surface polariton modes upon the reflection of both plane waves and beams is discussed in terms of resonances and an example of the influence upon the Goos–Hänchen shift is given

Disrupting the “Norm” with Collaborative Strategic Reading

Using a case study of a seventh-grade language arts classroom, the authors describe an evidence-based approach to reading comprehension instruction, collaborative strategic reading, which supports all learners by changing the nature of learning and participation

Enhancing Collaborative Group Processes to Promote Academic Literacy and Content Learning for Diverse Learners Through Video Reflection

Research indicates the benefits of collaborative learning for supporting academic literacy in content classrooms, especially for diverse and exceptional students such as students with learning disabilities or English learners (ELs) who can become disengaged in content classrooms if they struggle to access complex, content-related texts. Drawing from Cognitive Load Theory, we argue that collaborative group structures support students in sharing the load of processing these texts across all members, thus ensuring better comprehension of the content. Yet, collaborative structures may not be beneficial to diverse and exceptional learners in the group, particularly if students are not supported in how to engage successfully in collaborative work. Using a mixed-methods approach, we explored the use of video reflection and guided discussions with students using collaborative strategic reading (CSR) in heterogeneous collaborative groups in one seventh-grade general education, social studies class in an urban middle school. Students’ collaborative group work was video recorded pre- and post-reflection sessions to determine change in engagement in shared learning. The reflection session included students watching the video recording of their group work during CSR, discussing their collaboration using guided prompts, and setting goals for improvement. Following the reflection session, findings revealed an overall increase in time on task for all students, with increased participation of diverse and exceptional students in richer content-related discussions. When all students understand how the collaborative group shares the cognitive load and supports each other through discussing and elaborating on ideas, academic literacy and richer understanding of the content can occur

Ultrasound-mediated Gene Transfer to Enhance Bioremediation of Contaminated Water

A novel technique for in situ bioremediation is vital to enable the world to meet the need to treat contaminated land; ultrasound gene transfer has that potential. Ultrasound gene transfer has been shown to be a non-invasive, low impact and practical for engineering method of to delivering plasmid DNA and macro-molecules into bacteria. For the first time delivery of a salicylate hydroxylase gene into P. putida UWC1 has been demonstrated, enabling the complete degradation of the salicylate contaminant, which the wild type was unable to degrade, has been demonstrated. Furthermore not only DNA but also macro-molecules (e.g. fluorescent tagged large dextran molecules, up to 2,000,000 MW) have been delivered into P. putida UWC1 using UGT. This can potentially enable delivery of bioparts and nanomaterials for synthetic biology to targeted locations in an organism. To achieve this,: a novel variable frequency ultrasonic generator has been developed to deliver focussed ultrasound through the sonotrode directly into an aqueous bacterial sample. This sonotrode was designed to operate at the optimum frequency for UGT of 27.5 kHz determined using the preliminary apparatus and has enabled the application of UGT to > ~50 ml samples, demonstrating scalability to industrial application (i.e. using an array of sonotrodes to treat litres of environmental sample for re-introduction). The optimum frequency enables a satisfactory rate of transfer (10-7 efficiency) whilst minimising cell lysis (<90% cell survival) making it ideal for environmental application as it will minimise unnecessary disruption to the ecosystem. The mechanism behind UGT has been determined as transfer peaks at the resonant frequencies where cavitation microbubbles are produced. It is the collapse of these microbubbles that generates microjets of extremely high pressure that affect the cell walls of the bacteria enabling uptake of the DNA or macro-molecules. Thus it is shown that the emerging technology of ultrasound gene transfer can deliver novel genes directly into bacteria with minimal preparation and minimal impact to the cells

Self-assembly routes towards creating superconducting and magnetic arrays

Using self-assembly from colloidal suspensions of polystyrene latex spheres we prepared well-ordered templates. By electrochemical deposition of magnetic and superconducting metals in the pores of such templates highly ordered magnetic and superconducting anti-dot nano-structures with 3D architectures were created. Further developments of this template preparation method allow us to obtain dot arrays and even more complicated structures. In magnetic anti-dot arrays we observe a large increase in coercive field produced by nanoscale (50–1000nm) holes. We also find the coercive field to demonstrate an oscillatory dependence on film thickness. In magnetic dot arrays we have explored the genesis of 3D magnetic vortices and determined the critical dot size. Superconducting Pb anti-dot arrays show pronounced Little-Parks oscillations in Tc and matching effects in magnetization and magnetic susceptibility. The spherical shape of the holes results in significantly reduced pinning strength as compared to standard lithographic samples. Our results demonstrate that self-assembly template methods are emerging as a viable, low cost route to prepare sub-micron structures