305 research outputs found
Action du Mebendazole sur les Strongylidés et Parascaris equorum, parasites du cheval
Guilhon Jean, Couradeau Gérard, Barnabé R. Action du Mébendazole sur les Strongylidés et Parascaris equorum, parasites du cheval. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 126 n°9, 1973. pp. 379-383
Smoking influences the need for surgery in patients with the inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis incorporating disease duration
Landau Theory of the Phase Transitions in Half Doped Manganites: Interplay of Magnetic, Charge and Structural Orders
The order parameters of the magnetic, charge and structural orders at
half-doped manganites are identified. A corresponding Landau theory of the
phase transitions is formulated. Many structural and thermodynamical behaviors
are accounted for and clarified within the framework. In particular, the theory
provides a unified picture for the scenario of the phase transitions and their
nature with respect to the variation of the tolerance factor of the manganites.
It also accounts for the origin of the incommensurate nature of the orbital
order and its subsequently accompanying antiferromagnetic order.Comment: 4 pages, 3 eps figures, Revtex, Phys. Rev. B61, 200
The NOD2-Smoking Interaction in Crohn's Disease is likely Specific to the 1007fs Mutation and may be Explained by Age at Diagnosis:A Meta-Analysis and Case-Only Study
Background: NOD2 and smoking are risk factors for Crohn's disease. We meta-analyzed NOD2-smoking interactions in Crohn's disease (Phase 1), then explored the effect of age at diagnosis on NOD2-smoking interactions (Phase 2).
Methods: Phase 1: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for studies (n = 18) providing data on NOD2 and smoking in Crohn's disease. NOD2-smoking interactions were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated using random effects models. Phase 2: A case-only study compared the proportion of smokers and carriers of the 1007 fs variant across ages at diagnosis (≤16, 17–40, >40 years).
Findings: Phase 1: Having ever smoked was less common among carriers of the 1007 fs variant of NOD2 (OR 0.74, 95%CI:0.66–0.83). There was no interaction between smoking and the G908R (OR 0.96, 95%CI:0.82–1.13) or the R702W variant (OR 0.89, 95%CI:0.76–1.05). Phase 2: The proportion of patients (n = 627) carrying the 1007 fs variant decreased with age at diagnosis (≤16 years: 15%; 17–40: 12%; >40: 3%; p = 0.003). Smoking was more common in older patients (≤16 years: 4%; 17–40: 48%; >40: 71%; p < 0.001).
Interpretation: The negative NOD2-smoking interaction in Crohn's disease is specific to the 1007 fs variant. However, opposing rates of this variant and smoking across age at diagnosis may explain this negative interaction
The background in the neutrinoless double beta decay experiment GERDA
The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground
laboratory (LNGS) of INFN is searching for neutrinoless double beta decay of
76Ge. The signature of the signal is a monoenergetic peak at 2039 keV, the
Q-value of the decay, Q_bb. To avoid bias in the signal search, the present
analysis does not consider all those events, that fall in a 40 keV wide region
centered around Q_bb. The main parameters needed for the neutrinoless double
beta decay analysis are described. A background model was developed to describe
the observed energy spectrum. The model contains several contributions, that
are expected on the basis of material screening or that are established by the
observation of characteristic structures in the energy spectrum. The model
predicts a flat energy spectrum for the blinding window around Q_bb with a
background index ranging from 17.6 to 23.8*10^{-3} counts/(keV kg yr). A part
of the data not considered before has been used to test if the predictions of
the background model are consistent. The observed number of events in this
energy region is consistent with the background model. The background at Q-bb
is dominated by close sources, mainly due to 42K, 214Bi, 228Th, 60Co and alpha
emitting isotopes from the 226Ra decay chain. The individual fractions depend
on the assumed locations of the contaminants. It is shown, that after removal
of the known gamma peaks, the energy spectrum can be fitted in an energy range
of 200 kev around Q_bb with a constant background. This gives a background
index consistent with the full model and uncertainties of the same size
Grey and white matter correlates of recent and remote autobiographical memory retrieval:Insights from the dementias
The capacity to remember self-referential past events relies on the integrity of a distributed neural network. Controversy exists, however, regarding the involvement of specific brain structures for the retrieval of recently experienced versus more distant events. Here, we explored how characteristic patterns of atrophy in neurodegenerative disorders differentially disrupt remote versus recent autobiographical memory. Eleven behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia, 10 semantic dementia, 15 Alzheimer's disease patients and 14 healthy older Controls completed the Autobiographical Interview. All patient groups displayed significant remote memory impairments relative to Controls. Similarly, recent period retrieval was significantly compromised in behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease, yet semantic dementia patients scored in line with Controls. Voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging analyses, for all participants combined, were conducted to investigate grey and white matter correlates of remote and recent autobiographical memory retrieval. Neural correlates common to both recent and remote time periods were identified, including the hippocampus, medial prefrontal, and frontopolar cortices, and the forceps minor and left hippocampal portion of the cingulum bundle. Regions exclusively implicated in each time period were also identified. The integrity of the anterior temporal cortices was related to the retrieval of remote memories, whereas the posterior cingulate cortex emerged as a structure significantly associated with recent autobiographical memory retrieval. This study represents the first investigation of the grey and white matter correlates of remote and recent autobiographical memory retrieval in neurodegenerative disorders. Our findings demonstrate the importance of core brain structures, including the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, irrespective of time period, and point towards the contribution of discrete regions in mediating successful retrieval of distant versus recently experienced events
Simulation of Special Bubble Detectors for PICASSO
The PICASSO project is a cold dark matter (CDM) search experiment relying on
the superheated droplet technique. The detectors use superheated freon liquid
droplets (active material) dispersed and trapped in a polymerized gel. This
detection technique is based on the phase transition of superheated droplets at
about room temperature and ambient pressure. The phase transition is induced by
nuclear recoils when an atomic nucleus in the droplets interacts with incoming
subatomic particles. This includes CDM particles candidate as the neutralino (a
yet-to-discover particle predicted in extensions of the Standard Model of
particle physics). Simulations performed to understand the detector response to
neutrons and alpha particles are presented along with corresponding data
obtained at the Montreal Laboratory.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of the 14th
International Conference on Solid State Dosimetry, June 27 - July 2 2004,
Yale University, New Haven, CT, US
Strong Gravitational Lensing as a Probe of Gravity, Dark-Matter and Super-Massive Black Holes
Whereas considerable effort has been afforded in understanding the properties
of galaxies, a full physical picture, connecting their baryonic and dark-matter
content, super-massive black holes, and (metric) theories of gravity, is still
ill-defined. Strong gravitational lensing furnishes a powerful method to probe
gravity in the central regions of galaxies. It can (1) provide a unique
detection-channel of dark-matter substructure beyond the local galaxy group,
(2) constrain dark-matter physics, complementary to direct-detection
experiments, as well as metric theories of gravity, (3) probe central
super-massive black holes, and (4) provide crucial insight into galaxy
formation processes from the dark matter point of view, independently of the
nature and state of dark matter. To seriously address the above questions, a
considerable increase in the number of strong gravitational-lens systems is
required. In the timeframe 2010-2020, a staged approach with radio (e.g. EVLA,
e-MERLIN, LOFAR, SKA phase-I) and optical (e.g. LSST and JDEM) instruments can
provide 10^(2-4) new lenses, and up to 10^(4-6) new lens systems from
SKA/LSST/JDEM all-sky surveys around ~2020. Follow-up imaging of (radio) lenses
is necessary with moderate ground/space-based optical-IR telescopes and with
30-50m telescopes for spectroscopy (e.g. TMT, GMT, ELT). To answer these
fundamental questions through strong gravitational lensing, a strong investment
in large radio and optical-IR facilities is therefore critical in the coming
decade. In particular, only large-scale radio lens surveys (e.g. with SKA)
provide the large numbers of high-resolution and high-fidelity images of lenses
needed for SMBH and flux-ratio anomaly studies.Comment: White paper submitted to the 2010 Astronomy & Astrophysics Decadal
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