Marketing Seafood Products in Marmara Sea: A Case Study Along The Coastal Strip in İstanbul Province

Marmara denizi; palamut, lüfer vb balıkların göç yolların in merkezinde olduğu için özel bir karaktere sahiptir. İstanbul İli ise yoğun nüfusu ile iş, turizm, kültür vb konularında ülkenin merkezi olması nedeniyle balık tüketiminin fazla olduğu bir bölgedir. Marmara denizinde avlanan balığın çok büyük bolü mü İstanbul'da satışa sunulmaktadır. Bu nedenle İstanbul Su Ürünleri Hali Türkiye'nin su ürünleri piyasasında belirleyici rol oynayan en büyük hali niteliğindedir. Bilindiği gibi tüm deniz ürünlerinin avlanma sonrası çabuk bozulabilmeözelliği nedeniyle en kısa ve etkin pazarlama kanalının seçilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, deniz ürünleri pazarlamasının genel ya pisin ı ortaya koymaktır. Tüketiciler karides, kalkan ve lüfer gibi su ürünlerine yüksek bedel ödeyebilmektedirler, Ancak balıkçılar, aralarında yeterli ve etkin bir örgütlenme sağlayamadıklarından komisyoncu, perakendeci vb gibi uzun pazarlama kanallarını kullanmak durumunda kalmaktadırlar. Bu d urum tüketicilerin deniz ürünlerine ödedikleri bedelin ancak %20 kadarının balıkçıya dönebilmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Gerek üretici balıkçı ve gerekse tüketici için en yararlı modelin kooperatifleşme olduğu öngörülmektedir.Marmara sea has a special characteristics due to migration route ofvery delicious and valuable fish species such as Atlantic bonito, Blue fish etc. Fish consumption is high a mount in the Province of Istanbul where the centra I region of the business, tourism, culture, etc. because of the dense of population .The vast majority offish caught in the Marmara Sea is supplied forsale in Istanbul. Bu nedenle istanbul Su Urunleri Hali Türkiye'nin su ürünleri piyasasinda belirleyici roloynayan en büyükhali niteliğindedir. For this reason, Istanbul Seafood market is the biggest one that pi ays a decisive role in Turkey's seafood product market. Seafood products could be rapidly spoiled after fishing activities and so should be marketing as soon as possible to the consumers. The shortest and effective marketing channel should be chosen for marketing due to mentioned reason. The main objective of this research, is to determine thegeneralstructureof marketing seafood products in Istanbul Province. The consumers pay higher prices such as shrimp, turbot,bluefish etc. Unless because of i n adequate cooperation between fisherman, they could not get satisfactory income. Mediators play important role and according to the calculations about marketing margins they could get only out of 20% of final price paid by the customers. Cooperative is considered the most useful model for Formun Üstüboth producers and consumers

Diş Eti Fenotipi ve Diş Hekimliğinde Oynadığı Rol

Diş eti taşıdığı kendine has özellikleri ile oral yapının önemli temel yapı taşlarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Literatür incelendiğinde diş eti fenotipinin farklı şekillerde tanımlandığı görülmektedir. Her tanımlamanın kendine has özellikleri ve kendine has avantaj ve dezavantajları vardır. Bu tanımlama girişimsel ve girişimsel olmayan yöntemler ile yapılmaktadır. Klinikte izlenen diş eti yapısının beraberinde getirdiği olumlu-olumsuz yönleri bulunmaktadır. Diş eti yapısı; yaş, cinsiyet, alveoler kemik yapısı, diş yapısı, yüz yapısı, ortodontik durumlar gibi durumlarda değişiklik göstermektedir. Ama halen birçok konuda ve terminolojide bir görüş birliği sağlanamamıştır. Periodontal, restoratif, protetik ve implant uygulamalarında diş eti yapısı önem kazanmaktadır. Bu derlemede diş eti fenotipi tartışılacak olup, fenotipin klinik uygulamalarda oynadığı rol üzerinde durulacaktır

Will financial development and clean energy utilization rejuvenate the environment in BRICS economies?

Global warming and environmental degradation caused essentially by changes in climate have attracted enormous surveillance considering the menace of its reverberation on the health of humans during the past two decades. Utilization of energy and financial development (FD) are among the key drivers of climatic change. Thus, using second-generation panel cointegration (the Westerlund, 2007 error-correction model), pooled mean group autoregressive distributive lag model (PMG-ARDL), and the panel dynamic ordinary least square (PDOLS) estimation techniques, the paper scrutinized the nexus between financial development, clean energy usage, economic growth, and environmental quality (proxied by CO2 emissions) of BRICS countries starting from 1980 to 2018. The findings from the study reveal that economic growth and labor force participation, in the long run, deteriorate the environmental quality by increasing the effusion of carbon. Contrarily, financial development, industrialization, trade openness, and renewable energy usage enhance the environmental quality of BRICS countries in the long run. In the short run, financial development was found to have a significant positive impact on the environmental quality of Brazil, China, and Russia, while it is negative for South Africa and India. The outcome of the PVECM Granger causality test reveals a two-way Granger causality that runs from renewable energy to carbon emissions in the short run. The policy implication of this study is that the government of BRICS countries needs to concentrate on improving their clean energy sources and also work on their industries. The BRICS nations' governments should formulate financial and trade policies that promote a sustainable environment and economic development.© 2022 The Authors. Business Strategy and The Environment published by ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

Alt çene büyük azı dişinde komplike bir iatrojenik furkasyon perforasyonunun biküspidizasyon tekniği ile tedavisi: vaka raporu

İatrojenik furkasyon perforasyonu, endodontik tedavi esnasında dişin prognozunu oldukça azaltan önemli hatalardan biridir. Günümüzde, çoğu pratisyen hekim kompleks tedavi prosedürlerinden kaçınmak için bu gibi perfore dişlerin çekimini ve bunun yerine sabit protez ya da dental implantların yerleştirilmesini tercih etmektedir. Bunlar farklı birer tedavi alternatifi olarak düşünülse de, bu gibi etkilenmiş dişlerin çekim yerine tedavi edilmeleri gelişmekte olan diş hekimliğinin birinci amacı olmalıdır. Bu vaka raporunda, endodontik hataya bağlı alt çene büyük azı dişinde gelişen komplike bir furkasyon perforasyonunun biküspidizasyon tekniği ile tedavisi ve sonraki dönemde çevreleyen periodontal dokuların iyileşmesi sunulmaktadır

Left Atrial Mechanical Functions in Professional Soccer Players: A Pilot Study

Long-term regular exercise is associated with physiologic and morphologic alterations in the heart chambers. The aim of this study to evaluate left atrium (LA) phasic functions in professional football players and compare with control subjects. Left atrial volume was calculated at end-systole (Vmax), end-diastole and pre-atrial contraction by echocardiography in 20 professional male football players (mean age, 20.15+2.11 years) and 20 male control subjects (mean age, 22.3+1.49 years). Echocardiographic assessments were per­formed were performed using the criteria of the American Society of Echocardiography. The following LAVs were measured: maximal volume (Vmax), minimal volume (Vmin) and LAV before atrial contraction (VpreA) at the onset of the P wave of the simultaneously recorded ECG. Left atrial ejection fraction (LAEF), expansion index (LAEI), active emptying volume index (LAAEVI) and fraction(LAAEFr), passive emptying volume index (LAPEVI) and fraction (LAPEFr) were calculated. Baseline characteristics, demographics, two dimensional and tissue Doppler echocardiographic parameters were not statistically significant between the groups (Table 1). Both groups were similar in terms of Vmax index but Vmin index and VpreA index were significantly higher in football players. LAEF, LAEI, LAAEVI and LAAEFr were lesser in football player but they were not statistically significant. Also LAPEVI and LAPEFr were similar in both groups (Table 2). Professional football playing can be associated with morphologic alteration in left atrium mechanical functions. Further prospective, randomized, controlled trials with long term follow-up are necessary to make more robust interpretations of this issue

Unsupervised Medical Image Translation with Adversarial Diffusion Models

Imputation of missing images via source-to-target modality translation can improve diversity in medical imaging protocols. A pervasive approach for synthesizing target images involves one-shot mapping through generative adversarial networks (GAN). Yet, GAN models that implicitly characterize the image distribution can suffer from limited sample fidelity. Here, we propose a novel method based on adversarial diffusion modeling, SynDiff, for improved performance in medical image translation. To capture a direct correlate of the image distribution, SynDiff leverages a conditional diffusion process that progressively maps noise and source images onto the target image. For fast and accurate image sampling during inference, large diffusion steps are taken with adversarial projections in the reverse diffusion direction. To enable training on unpaired datasets, a cycle-consistent architecture is devised with coupled diffusive and non-diffusive modules that bilaterally translate between two modalities. Extensive assessments are reported on the utility of SynDiff against competing GAN and diffusion models in multi-contrast MRI and MRI-CT translation. Our demonstrations indicate that SynDiff offers quantitatively and qualitatively superior performance against competing baselines.Comment: M. Ozbey and O. Dalmaz contributed equally to this stud

Testicular Polyarteritis Nodosa Mimicking Testicular Neoplasm

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) presents mostly as a systemic disease characterized by necrotizing vasculitis affecting small- and medium-sized arteries. Rarely, the inflammatory process is isolated and involves a single organ without systemic manifestations. We described the case of a 57-year-old patient with isolated testicular PAN who presented with a testicular mass mimicking a primary testicular tumor

Enamel fracture in the primary dentition has no impact on children's quality of life: implications for clinicians and researchers

Aim The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) on oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschool children, when enamel fractures were either included or excluded within the category of TDI. Material and methods An oral health survey was undertaken of preschool children, age 1–5 years attending public nurseries in Canoas, Brazil. Children were examined for TDI, dental caries, and malocclusion. Parents were interviewed on their perception of their child's OHRQoL (Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale—ECOHIS) and their sociodemographic background. Multivariable Poisson regression models with robust variance were fitted to assess the impacts of TDI (including and excluding enamel fractures) on OHRQoL. Results A full dataset was collected from 76% of the eligible population. The prevalence of TDI was 13.4% (171/1275). The prevalence of any impact (ECOHIS ≥ 1) was significantly higher in children with crown discoloration (29.7%), enamel/dentin fracture (29.2%), and avulsion (73.3%), compared to children with enamel fracture (16.2%) or without a TDI (15.8%) (P < 0.001). Enamel fractures were the most prevalent TDI (40%) but halved the proportion of children with a reported impact from their TDI. The mean increase in OHRQoL impact for those children with a TDI was 1.59 (95%CI 1.20–2.10) when enamel fracture was included, and 1.86 (95%CI 1.39–2.50) when it was excluded. Conclusion Enamel fractures have no significant impact on young children's quality of life. Including enamel fractures within the diagnosis of TDI increases the prevalence of TDI while reducing the OHRQoL impact of TDI for the primary dentition

Dijagnostička točnost sastojaka mlijeka kod dijagnostike gravidnosti u krava srednje i kasne laktacije

The aims of this study were to establish a cut-off point by evaluating the usability of the somatic cell count (SCC) and milk components (fat, fat-free dry matter (FFDM), protein, lactose, freezing point, electrical conductivity and pH) to observe the pregnancy status, and to determine the practical usage of these parameters as diagnostic biomarker of pregnancy status. In the present study, primiparous Holstein cows (n=133) were included in the mid and late lactation. Milk samples were collected in sterile tubes for SCC and milk components analysis. In each lactation period, SCC, milk yield and milk component parameters were analysed by Student\u27s t test according to pregnancy status. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the predictive threshold using SCC and milk component parameters to discriminate between pregnant and non-pregnant cows. SCC levels were similar for all cows in the mid and late-lactation. In the mid lactation, FFDM, protein, lactose and electrical conductivity were higher and milk yield, fat, freezing point and pH were lower in pregnant cows (p<0.05). In the late lactation, FFDM, protein, lactose and electrical conductivity were significantly higher and milk yield, fat and pH were significantly lower in pregnant cows (p<0.05). Furthermore, fat, FFDM, protein, lactose, freezing point, electrical conductivity, and pH were the best predictors for pregnancy diagnosis in mid-lactating cows with the AUC values of 0.840, 0.768, 0.780, 0.772, 0.693, 0.792, and 0.901 respectively. Furthermore, fat, FFDM, protein, lactose, electrical conductivity, and pH could be useful diagnostic tools for pregnancy determination in late lactating cows with the AUC values of 0.869, 0.684, 0.661, 0.689, 0.756, and 0.841 respectively. In conclusion, the milk components could be used as rapid, easily accessible, and inexpensive markers for the evaluation of the diagnosis of pregnancy status in primiparous Holstein cows.Ciljevi ove studije bili su utvrditi granične vrijednosti procjenom mogućnosti upotrebe broja somatskih stanica (SCC) i pojedinih fizikalno-kemijskih parametara mlijeka (udio masti, bezmasne suhe tvari (FFDM), proteina, laktoze, točke zamrzavanja, električne vodljivosti i pH) za promatranje statusa gravidnosti kao i u svrhu korištenja navedenih parametara kao bioloških markera u dijagnozi statusa gravidnosti. U ovu su studiju bile uključene prvotelke holstein pasmine (n=133) u srednjoj i kasnoj laktaciji. Uzorci mlijeka sakupljani su u sterilne epruvete za analizu SCC i fizikalno-kemijskih parametara. U svakom razdoblju laktacije, SCC, prinos mlijeka i fizikalno-kemijski parametri analizirani su Student t-testom u odnosu na status gravidnosti. Za određivanje prediktivnog praga korištene su krivulje odnosa specifičnosti i osjetljivosti klasifikatora (ROC), korištenjem SCC i fizikalno-kemijskih parametara mlijeka za razlikovanje gravidnih i negravidnih krava. Za sve krave u srednjoj i kasnoj laktaciji razine SCC bile su slične. Sredinom laktacije, FFDM, udjeli proteina i laktoze te električna vodljivost bili su viši, a prinos mlijeka, udio masti, točka ledišta i pH bili su niži u gravidnih krava (p<0,05). U kasnoj laktaciji, FFDM, udjeli proteina i laktoze te električna vodljivost bili su značajno viši, a prinos mlijeka, udio masti i pH bili su značajno niži u gravidnih krava (p<0,05). Udjeli masti, proteina i laktoze, FFDM, točka ledišta, električna vodljivost i pH bili su najbolji prediktori za dijagnozu gravidnosti kod krava u srednjoj laktaciji s vrijednostima površina ispod ROC krivulje (AUC) 0,840, 0,768, 0,780, 0,772, 0,693, 0,792 i 0,901. Udjeli masti, proteina i laktoze, FFDM, električna vodljivost i pH mogu biti korisni dijagnostički alati za određivanje gravidnosti kod krava u kasnoj laktaciji s AUC vrijednostima 0,869, 0,684, 0,661, 0,689, 0,756 i 0,841. Zaključno, komponente mlijeka mogu se koristiti kao brzi, lako dostupni i jeftini markeri za procjenu dijagnoze statusa gravidnosti kod prvotelki holstein krava

Correction to: Hematopoietic cell transplantation cures adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency: report on 30 patients

Correction to: Journal of Clinical Immunology (2021) 41:1633–164